Showing papers on "Heteronormativity published in 2009"
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine how nontransgender people, "gender normals", interact with transgender people to highlight the connections between doing gender and heteronormativity, and show how gender and sexuality are inextricably tied together.
Abstract: This article brings together two case studies that examine how nontransgender people, “gender normals,” interact with transgender people to highlight the connections between doing gender and heteronormativity. By contrasting public and private interactions that range from nonsexual to sexualized to sexual, the authors show how gender and sexuality are inextricably tied together. The authors demonstrate that the criteria for membership in a gender category are significantly different in social versus (hetero)sexual circumstances. While gender is presumed to reflect biological sex in all social interactions, the importance of doing gender in a way that represents the shape of one's genitals is heightened in sexual and sexualized situations. Responses to perceived failures to fulfill gender criteria in sexual and sexualized relationships are themselves gendered; men and women select different targets for and utilize gendered tactics to accomplish the policing of supposedly natural gender boundaries and to re...
712 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the authors examine how nontransgender people, "gender normals", interact with transgender people to highlight the connections between doing gender and heteronormativity, and show how gender and sexuality are inextricably tied together.
Abstract: This article brings together two case studies that examine how nontransgender people, “gender normals,” interact with transgender people to highlight the connections between doing gender and heteronormativity. By contrasting public and private interactions that range from nonsexual to sexualized to sexual, the authors show how gender and sexuality are inextricably tied together. The authors demonstrate that the criteria for membership in a gender category are significantly different in social versus (hetero)sexual circumstances. While gender is presumed to reflect biological sex in all social interactions, the importance of doing gender in a way that represents the shape of one's genitals is heightened in sexual and sexualized situations. Responses to perceived failures to fulfill gender criteria in sexual and sexualized relationships are themselves gendered; men and women select different targets for and utilize gendered tactics to accomplish the policing of supposedly natural gender boundaries and to re...
581 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors argue for both a "sexual turn" and an "emotional turn" in mobility studies, stressing also the intersectionality of these two dimensions, and investigate different globalised intersections of love, sexuality and migration, and the way they inform and are informed by existing narratives and practices of migration and settlement.
181 citations
TL;DR: Focus group data is presented on a range of sexual minority stressors as described by 43 gay men, lesbians, and bisexual men and women and gender and sexual identity differences in the respondents' perceptions of heteronormativity are explored.
Abstract: Despite growing evidence to suggest that gays, lesbians, and bisexuals experience a range of stressors and consequences related to their sexual minority status, no known studies to date have employed focus group discussion to explore and document their perceptions of sexual minority stress. In this exploratory study, we present focus group data on a range of sexual minority stressors as described by 43 gay men, lesbians, and bisexual men and women. We explore gender and sexual identity differences in the respondents' perceptions of heteronormativity, disclosure issues in different social settings, sources of support, and strategies for coping with stress. Respondents reported that women's same-sex relationships were eroticized and distorted to accommodate heterosexual male desire, while men were negatively depicted as sexually promiscuous and deviant. These differing stereotypes held important consequences for disclosure decisions and affected men's and women's social interactions with heterosexual men. B...
170 citations
TL;DR: This paper explored how heteronormativity, sexism, and racism operate together to structure the content and delivery of school-based sex education and found that some Latina youth encounter racialized heterogendered constructions and experiences that limit their access to sex-education-related information and reinforce existing inequalities.
Abstract: Research has revealed that sex education policies are informed by national and local struggles over the meanings and consequences of gender, race, sexuality, and class categories. However, few studies have considered how policies are enacted in the classroom production of sex education to support or challenge gender, racial, sexual, and class hierarchies. This article draws on data obtained through semistructured in-depth interviews with 40 Latina youth (20 Mexican origin, 20 Puerto Rican) to explore how heteronormativity, sexism, and racism operate together to structure the content and delivery of school-based sex education. Findings suggest that some Latina youth encounter racialized heterogendered constructions and experiences that limit their access to sex-education-related information and reinforce existing inequalities.
162 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, a study of professional identity work, using in-depth interview material from research conducted into the work lives of 10 gay men employed in the UK National Health Service Trust, was conducted.
Abstract: This article is a study of professional identity work, using in-depth interview material from research conducted into the work lives of 10 gay men employed in a UK National Health Service Trust. Using the men's portraits of professional life, we examine the different ways they understand what it means to be a `professional'. The article suggests that while gay men appear to be empowered by forms of agency to self-identify as professionals in `gay-friendly' work contexts, they are by no means unaffected by dominant professional norms and discourses of heteronormativity that treat sexuality and professionalism as polar opposites. Thus how straightforward it might be for the interviewees to self-identify as `professional' and openly gay within an organization that is perceived to be `gay-friendly' is scrutinized in terms of the professional identity dilemmas experienced by the study participants. We conclude that, even within `gayfriendly' organizational settings, fashioning a professional identity is a proc...
156 citations
TL;DR: The authors presented a critical teacher education multicultural curriculum based in the United States that included an autoethnographic narrative assignment as reflective space for teacher candidates to consider their identities as shaped by lived experiences with gender and sexuality.
127 citations
TL;DR: This paper analyzed all the G-rated films grossing $100 million dollars or more between 1990 and 2005 and found two main accounts of heterosexuality: heterosexuality is constructed through hetero-romantic love relationships as exceptional, powerful, magical, and transformative.
Abstract: In this article, the authors examine accounts of heterosexuality in media for children. The authors analyze all the G-rated films grossing $100 million dollars or more between 1990 and 2005 and find two main accounts of heterosexuality. First, heterosexuality is constructed through hetero-romantic love relationships as exceptional, powerful, magical, and transformative. Second, heterosexuality outside of relationships is constructed through portrayals of men gazing desirously at women’s bodies. Both of these findings have implications for our understanding of heteronormativity. The first is seemingly at odds with theories that claim that heterosexuality’s mundane, assumed, everyday ordinariness lends heteronormativity its power. In fact, the authors suggest heterosexual exceptionalism may extend the pervasiveness of heterosexuality and serve as a means of inviting investment in it. The second offers ways to begin to think about how heteronormativity is gendered and racialized.
127 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that though same-sex-attracted youth are at greater risk for decreased well-being, these Youth are at higher risk in nonurban schools and in schools where football and religion have a larger presence.
Abstract: This study assesses how variations in heteronormative culture in high schools affect the well-being of same-sex-attracted youth. The authors focus on the stigmatization of same-sex attraction (rather than identity or behavior) to better understand how heteronormativity may marginalize a wide range of youth. Specifically, the authors use data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent Health to examine how variation across schools in football participation, religious attendance, and urban locale affects same-sex-attracted adolescents' depressive symptoms, self-esteem, fighting, and academic failure. The results suggest that though same-sex-attracted youth are at greater risk for decreased well-being, these youth are at higher risk in nonurban schools and in schools where football and religion have a larger presence. Results vary for boys and girls: The urban locale of a school has a larger impact for boys, while school religiosity has a greater impact for girls.
126 citations
TL;DR: It is likely that heteronormativity will continue to project its undemocratic spirit in all communication, treatment and care if something is not done with immediate effect in nursing and medical students' access to knowledge concerning LGBT.
Abstract: Little consideration is given to personal relationships and sexuality issues in medical care education and little if any time is allocated to non-heterosexual aspects. The present study uses a descriptive, comparative design, and a modified version of the Knowledge about Homosexuality Questionnaire to investigate nursing and medical students' knowledge on lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender (LGBT) persons. The participants were students at a Swedish university in semester 6 of their education programs, and the response rate was 92% (n=124). The aim of the study was to look at the students' access to knowledge concerning LGBT. Shortcomings in LGBT knowledge were seen in the student groups surveyed irrespective of education program, gender or religious belief. Accordingly, it is likely that heteronormativity will continue to project its undemocratic spirit in all communication, treatment and care if something is not done with immediate effect.
124 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors describe a UK-based participatory action research project that looks beyond the discourse of tolerance to investigate and challenge heteronormative processes in primary schools through reflective action research.
Abstract: In this paper we describe a UK‐based participatory action research project that looks beyond the discourse of tolerance to investigate and challenge heteronormative processes in primary schools through reflective action research. This 28‐month ESRC‐funded project supports 15 primary teachers working in schools in three regions of the UK to develop action research projects that address lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender equality in their own schools and classrooms. In this paper we will examine how the original principles on which the project design was based have manifested themselves throughout the course of the project, drawing upon examples of classroom practice and reflective discussions among project team members. We will explore how designing intentionally for collective participation has produced spaces for people to do and think in ways that have not only gone beyond what we imagined but have also challenged and sometimes contradicted our own ways of thinking.
TL;DR: This article analyzed interviews with homosexual elders to uncover their use of heteronormative premises (specifically, the presumption of heterosexuality, and the gender binary) to pass as heterosexual.
Abstract: Studies of heteronormativity have emphasized its normative content and repressive functions, but few have considered the strategic use of heteronormative and homonormative precepts to shape sexual selves, public identities, and social relations. Adopting an interactionist approach, this article analyzes interviews with homosexual elders to uncover their use of heteronormative premises (specifically, the presumption of heterosexuality, and the gender binary) to pass as heterosexual. Informants also used homonormative precepts, grounded in a postwar, pre-gay liberation assimilationist homosexual politics they adopted in their early years and maintained in later life, to justify passing and to frame their understanding and evaluation of past and present homosexual practices. Viewed through a homonormative lens, heteronormativity provided the tools for personal survival in a hostile society and for the collective production of a respectable homosexual culture. Informants’ strategic use of heteronormativity ca...
TL;DR: In the early 1970s, Gayle Rubin posed a profound challenge to feminist theory by exposing the deep, historical interconnections between gender and compulsory heterosexuality as discussed by the authors, which was both cause and effect of a sex/gender system long used to structure and rationalize men's subordination of women.
Abstract: With the publication of the “The Traffic in Women” in 1975, Gayle Rubin posed a profound challenge to feminist theory by exposing the deep, historical interconnections between gender and compulsory heterosexuality. Implied in Rubin’s work was that the heterosexual imperative must become a centerpiece of feminist analysis, given that it was both cause and effect of a sex/gender system long used to structure and rationalize men’s subordination of women. Hence, for the Rubin of the 1970s, gender inequality and heterosexuality were inseparable forces, with gender referring not only to systematic identification with one biological sex but also to the routine enforcement of opposite sex desire. Close to a decade later, however, Rubin’s thinking about sexuality underwent a marked transformation, one informed by raging feminist sex wars, the beginning of a devastating AIDS crisis, and her own engagement in queer leather/BDSM subcultures. In “Thinking Sex” (1984/1993), she sounded a call for a new body of theorizing on sexuality, one not subsumed under the study of sex and gender. Expanding beyond conceptualizations of the hetero-patriarchal, this later work famously argues that the force of sexual normalcy cuts across multiple systems of privilege and oppression, is used to regulate all people, and frequently sits at the heart of national and global struggles. This special issue takes as its inspiration the productive tension between Rubin’s earlier work—focused primarily on how heteronormativity functioned in the service of sustaining a patriarchal gender binary—and her later work, which examines the mobility, adaptability, and far-reaching effects of “normal” sexuality. The past decade has witnessed a wealth of feminist research informed by both approaches and by developments
TL;DR: In this article, the authors consider disruptions (breaking what Butler describes as echo chains) and reinscriptions (forging new ones) as approaches to queering consent and replace the metaphor of the matrix as a system of externally imposed rules with an understanding of how the matrix relies on hegemony as organised consent.
Abstract: Two key concepts arising from Butler’s work are the heterosexual matrix – the conflation of sex‐gender‐sexuality which leads to the normalisation of heterosexuality – and performative reinscription – the discursive process by which the marginalised Other brings new meanings to normative identity constructions. While we have found both concepts useful, we consider the extent to which the very act of naming – or in Althusser’s words, hailing – the heterosexual matrix reifies it. Drawing on our own research on lesbian, gay, bisexual and transgender equality in primary schools, we consider disruptions (breaking what Butler describes as echo‐chains) and reinscriptions (forging new ones) as approaches to queering consent. This vision requires disorganisation rather than resistance and replaces the metaphor of the matrix as a system of externally imposed rules with an understanding of how the matrix – to the extent that it exists at all – relies on hegemony as organised consent.
TL;DR: In this article, the authors present the results of a Dutch study about sport participation among self-identified homo/bisexual men and women, compared to a matched group of heterosexual women.
Abstract: In this article we present the results of a Dutch study about sport participation among self-identified homo/bisexual men and women, compared to a matched group of heterosexual men and women. It is...
TL;DR: This article examined the rhetoric of straight-acting among gay men by analyzing the website StraightActing.com and found that some gay men want to achieve hegemonic masculinity to overcome gay effeminate images.
Abstract: This study examines the rhetoric of straight-acting among gay men by analyzing the website entitled, Straight-Acting.com. The straight-acting rhetoric emerges because some gay men want to achieve hegemonic masculinity to overcome gay effeminate images. Also, gay effeminate men are unattractive to straight-acting gay men, because they violate normative gender-performative expression valued by the “straight-acting” men. This attitude is called, “sissyphobia.” Last, some website members view straight-acting as fluid, while others view straight-acting as stable. By exposing this topic, this analysis aims to further understand the role of gender in gay men's identity negotiation and their interpersonal relations.
TL;DR: It is suggested that LGBTQ psychology could usefully draw on critical health psychology principles and frameworks to explore non-heterosexual’s lived experiences of chronic illness, and also that there remains a need for specifically targeted support groups and services for LGB people with chronic illnesses.
Abstract: In this article we contribute to the expansion of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer (LGBTQ) health psychology beyond the confines of sexual health by examining the experiences of lesbian, gay and bisexual people living with non-HIV related chronic illness. Using a (predominantly) qualitative online survey, the perspectives of 190 LGB people with 52 different chronic illnesses from eight countries were collected. The five most commonly reported physical conditions were arthritis, hypertension, diabetes, asthma and chronic fatigue syndrome. Our analysis focuses on four themes within participants? written comments: (1) ableism within LGBT communities; (2) isolation from LGBT communities and other LGB people living with chronic illness; (3)heteronormativity within sources of information and support and; (4) homophobia from healthcare professionals. We conclude by suggesting that LGBTQ psychology could usefully draw on critical health psychology principles and frameworks to explore non-heterosexual's lived experiences of chronic illness, and also that there remains a need for specifically targeted support groups and services for LGB people with chronic illnesses.
TL;DR: The term "bodyscape" encourages thinking about representation of bodies at multiple scales, from different bodies as they move through space to the microlandscape of individual bodily differences.
Abstract: The term bodyscape encourages thinking about representation of bodies at multiple scales—from different bodies as they move through space to the microlandscape of individual bodily differences A hegemonic bodyscape's representations tend to idealize and essentialize bodies’ differences to reinforce normative ideas about a society's socioeconomic organization But, a dominant bodyscape is never absolute Bodyscapes that depart from or subvert hegemonic representations may simultaneously exist In Western society, the biomedical bodyscape predominates in scientific understandings of bodily difference Its representation of sex differences conveys heteronormative notions about gender and sexuality Because the biomedical bodyscape frames studies of ancient bodies, investigators need recognize how their considerations of labor divisions, familial organization, and reproduction may situate modern (hetero)sexist representations deep within antiquity To innovate analyses of socioeconomic relations, queer theory allows scholars to interrogate human nature Doing so produces alternative bodyscapes that represent the diversity of past peoples’ social and sexual lives [Keywords: bodyscape, heteronormativity, queer theory, bioarchaeology, paleoanthropology]
TL;DR: The authors examined interactions from tertiary-level foreign languages classes in which students challenge the heteronormative construction of their sexual identity, triggered by questions that potentially reference students' real-world identities but which attribute a heter-normative identity to the questions' recipients.
Abstract: This article examines interactions from tertiary-level foreign languages classes in which students challenge the heteronormative construction of their sexual identity. These interactions are triggered by questions that potentially reference students' real-world identities but which attribute a heteronormative identity to the questions' recipients. Attempts to challenge this assigned identity establish an interactional trajectory between teacher and student in which students pursue a project of expressing identity while teachers construct such talk as linguistic failure. It is argued that the domination of the classroom by a heteronormative framing of identities coupled with the discursive construction of the purpose of language classes to focus on language contribute to this unfolding trajectory.
TL;DR: The concept of compulsory heterosexuality was initially developed by lesbian feminists and gay liberationists in the late 1960s and early 1970s as mentioned in this paper, and the center of analysis shifted from individual homosexual and from individual acts of discrimination to the institutional enforcement of normative heterosexuality and its consequences for nonheterosexuals.
Abstract: The concept of compulsory heterosexuality was initially developed by lesbian feminists and gay liberationists in the late 1960s and early 1970s. Compulsory heterosexuality proved to be a major conceptual innovation because it made possible a structural sociology of sexuality. The center of analysis shifted from the individual homosexual and from individual acts of discrimination to the institutional enforcement of normative heterosexuality and its consequences for nonheterosexuals. This essay provides a critical analysis of this concept as it has been elaborated from the late 1960s to the present. The author outlines the analytical and historical limits of the critique of compulsory heterosexuality without abandoning a notion of the institutionalization of normative heterosexuality.
TL;DR: The No Outsiders participatory action research project in education as mentioned in this paper explored data episodes as vignettes to highlight the recuperative nature of heteronormativity and highlighted the potential for children to resist, reappropriate and challenge such figures that move.
Abstract: This article provides a critical account of a selection of approaches that were used in the 26-month No Outsiders participatory action research project in education settings. The paper questions what challenges are presented to educators in critically exploring and challenging heteronormative sex-gender discourses. We revisit some of the tensions in undertaking a project of this kind, by exploring data episodes as vignettes to highlight the recuperative nature of heteronormativity. The paper's title originates in one of the author's dramatic persona of Cindy, a Lesbian Cinderella. We critically reflect on this creation, acknowledge Cindy's potential, and query the characters' capacity to even briefly ‘trouble’ heteronormative discourses in action within the classroom. Finally, we argue that pupils' multiple and shifting subjectivities, and understandings of these discourses offered by such pedagogic interventions, provides an arena for children to resist, reappropriate and challenge such figures that move...
TL;DR: The authors argue that the assumption that heterosexuality is the only "normal" self-identity of a gay teen is the implicit belief of many of the authors of these books, and that it is the goal of the majority of gay adolescents to be heterosexual.
Abstract: Authors of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer/questioning (LGBTQ) adolescent novels have recently moved away from addressing the “problem” of sexual identity and have instead focused on personal and societal “acceptance” of non-normative sexualities. Within the increasing number of “acceptance” titles published depicting gay males, there are two distinct means of representing forms of gayness. In this article, I illustrate that what distinguishes these forms from one another is their handling of homophobia and the extent to which they subvert heteronormativity, the implicit belief that heterosexuality is the only “normal” self-identity. While some authors use homophobia as the foil against which queer characters struggle in order to find happiness as a couple, others work to suspend “reality” by imagining away homophobia—showing queer characters building relationships in an environment relatively free of discrimination. Despite their differences, I argue that both methods ultimately reinscribe heteronormativity through the assumption that monogamous coupling is the goal of LGBTQ youth.
Book•
04 Nov 2009
TL;DR: The Dinner Party: Queer Gesturing to Time and Future Identification: Symbolic Mergers with Heteronormativity as discussed by the authors is a seminal work in the history of queer media.
Abstract: Acknowledgments 1: Introduction: "Deleted Scenes" and "Innocent Questions" 2: The Heteronormative Tragedy: Kenneth Burke and Queer Media Criticism 3: Victims in/of Time: Gay Aging as Ritualized Horror 4: Future Identification: Symbolic Mergers with Heteronormativity 5: The Dinner Party: Queer Gesturing to Time and Future Notes Bibliography Index
Dissertation•
01 Sep 2009
TL;DR: This article explored young women's relationship with feminism, contributing to an enhanced understanding of feminist dis-identification, highlighting the role of heteronormativity in negotiations of feminism, and pointed out the need for a collective movement by positioning themselves as individuals who were capable of negotiating structural constraints autonomously.
Abstract: This thesis explores young women's relationship with feminism, contributing to an enhanced understanding of feminist dis-identification. Feminist research offers various explanations for young women's repudiation of feminism; this study adds a further dimension to current debates by adopting a performative approach which explores how difference, and particularly sexuality, mediates young women's responses to feminism. Employing and developing the broader theoretical frameworks of postfeminism, individualisation, neoliberalism, and difference, this thesis intervenes in current debates by highlighting the role of heteronormativity in negotiations of feminism. The study is based on forty, semi-structured qualitative in-depth interviews with a diverse group of German and British women, aged 18-35. A discursive analysis of the interviews provides an insight into young women's talk, thoughts, and feelings about feminism.
Exemplifying a postfeminist logic, two broad patterns were discernable in the research participants' talk: feminism was either considered as valuable, but anachronistic and therefore irrelevant to the present, or fiercely repudiated as extreme and dogmatic. While most research participants reported they would not call themselves a feminist, their stance towards feminism shifted depending on the cultural resources they drew on to discuss feminist politics. Reflecting the broader cultural currents of neoliberalism and individualisation, the respondents frequently rejected the need for a collective movement by positioning themselves as individuals who were capable of negotiating structural constraints autonomously. The research participants were aware of persistent gender inequalities, but located them predominantly in the public sphere and/or 'other' parts of the world, claiming they had not personally experienced gender discrimination. Feminists were overwhelmingly portrayed and constructed as unfeminine, man-hating, and lesbian. Although the respondents could not name any concrete examples of feminists who corresponded to this stereotype, the construction of 'the feminist' haunted their accounts. As the performative approach illustrates, discussions of feminism gave rise to complex negotiations and performative citations of normative femininity. Performances of femininity were racialized and classed, intersecting with feminist dis-identification in multiple ways. The perception of feminism as inclusive or exclusive figured as an important theme in the interviews. This thesis adds to our understanding of feminist dis-identification by employing various theoretical tools, drawing on empirical accounts, and by revealing the structuring role of heteronormativity in negotiations of feminism.
TL;DR: Investigation of the Norwegian newspaper debate on the right of homosexual couples to adopt children identifies two patterns of meaning within which both anti-adoption and pro-ad adoption sides of the debate were located: the nuclear family as reference point; and a focus on innate qualities.
Abstract: This article investigates the Norwegian newspaper debate (1998–2002) on the right of homosexual couples to adopt children. It identifies two patterns of meaning within which both anti-adoption and pro-adoption sides of the debate were located: 1) the nuclear family as reference point; and 2) a focus on innate qualities. Parallell to a continuous liberalization of sexualities in Norway we seem to witness a consensus on heteronormativity in Norway on both sides of the debate as the basic axiom in public discussions on homosexuality and adoption. In this article, we explore the nature of the heteronormative arguments and the reason for their appearance in this particular debate. The two patterns of meaning reproduce a perception of lesbians and gays as either a worthy or unworthy minority. These findings may be seen as reflecting fundamental positions regarding the Norwegian modernization project, where both sides of the debate see homosexuality as a central symbol. State feminism may also have played the ro...
TL;DR: In this article, the authors focus on the discursive and intersectional construction of subject positions and identities within organizations by drawing upon a queer theoretical framework to analyze three companies' codes of conduct that claim to create an inclusive work environment.
Abstract: Queer theory is a relatively new theoretical approach in organizational discourse that we think can uncover power relations and normative and hierarchical processes in diversity management discourse. ‘Heteronormativity’ and ‘performativity’, core concepts of queer theory, critique categorization and fixed identities and thereby problematize and broaden perspectives on current diversity management discourse, especially those associated with organizational constructions of diversity dimensions. In this article, we focus on the discursive and intersectional construction of subject positions and identities within organizations by drawing upon a queer theoretical framework to analyze three companies' codes of conduct that claim to create an inclusive work environment. The deconstructive analysis of these discursive artifacts emphasizes the intersectional power dynamics of and between the categories of sex, gender and sexuality, and can be taken as a point of departure for questioning the heteronormative arrangements of diversity management practices.
TL;DR: This article explored the interwoven workings of heteronormative, gendernormative and misogynist discourses when a chapter from Queering Elementary Education in the Course Reader created controversy, moral panic and resistance among students.
Abstract: This paper reports on accidental ethnographic research. It arose unexpectedly out of the everyday teaching of first-year pre-service primary teachers at an Australian university. Via narrative, self-reflexivity, and student responses, we explore the interwoven workings of heteronormative, gendernormative and misogynist discourses when a chapter from Queering Elementary Education in the Course Reader created controversy, moral panic and resistance among students. The paper then charts the implementation of various strategies and interventions by the three authors of the paper: Greg, the lecturer; Maria, the Reading's author; and Steph, the Reading's protagonist. While outlining the subsequent shifts in student responses and discourses, we also problematise particular aspects of the processes of intervention where they still point to the insidious power and overarching framework of heteronormativity and gendernormativity that require ongoing challenges.
01 Jan 2009
TL;DR: In this article, the authors review the advances, challenges and dilemmas in the establishment of this public health policy, discussing the ambivalence in the process of building the technical standard.
Abstract: The Brazilian norm that establishes the conditions for the health care for transsexuals, despite reflecting important achievements of this population, reveals the complexity of the advancement of sexual rights in the field of public health. This paper aims to review the advances, challenges and dilemmas in the establishment of this public health policy, discussing the ambivalence in the process of building the technical standard. It releases two parallel chains of the inclusion of the debate about transgender health care in the Health Ministry: the judicialization and the committment with the government program "Brazil without Homophobia". It indicates the partial progress achieved by the publication of the standard, as it established exclusion areas for potential beneficiaries of the same set of health actions, specifically the transvestites, at the same time it stated the right to health care for transsexuals. The hypothesis sustained is that heteronormativity and the binary of gender work as limiting factors for the democratization of the health policy.
TL;DR: Amy Lind addresses how forms of intimacy are governed through national and global development institutions, both through the visibilization and invisibilized of lesbians, gay men and other individuals who do not fulfill prescribed gender and sexual norms in their societies, with the overall aim of challenging heteronormativity and gender normativity in development thought and practice.
Abstract: Institutions in the global development industry play a pivotal role in governing people's sexual and familial lives. Amy Lind addresses how forms of intimacy are governed through national and global development institutions, both through the visibilization and invisibilization of lesbians, gay men and other individuals who do not fulfill prescribed gender and sexual norms in their societies, with the overall aim of challenging heteronormativity and gender normativity in development thought and practice.
TL;DR: This article reviewed the growing research that has been conducted on homophobia in physical education settings over the past 2 decades and shared with teacher educators an example of a physical education teacher education program to better equip preservice teachers to combat homophobia in the physical education context.
Abstract: Studies examining the discourse on issues related to sexual orientation in physical education reveal that the physical education setting is an environment where heterosexism, heteronormativity, and homophobia subsist fervently. The purpose of this article is to review the growing research that has been conducted on homophobia in physical education settings over the past 2 decades and to share with teacher educators an example of a physical education teacher education program to better equip preservice teachers to combat homophobia in the physical education context.