Showing papers on "Information integration published in 1987"
TL;DR: Two tasks, varying in their demands to integrate multiple information sources, were used in a comparison of two graphical display formats, revealing that performance was superior when the object display was used and when the non-integration task was studied, the bar graphs provided more efficient performance.
Abstract: Two tasks, varying in their demands to integrate multiple information sources, were used in a comparison of two graphical display formats. One display technique, an ‘object display’, utilized different dimensions of a single perceptual object to display task-relevant information. A contrasting graphical technique, a ‘bar graph’, used the same dimension of several separate objects to present identical information. In one experiment, 24 subjects used both displays to perform a simulated process control task in which integration of information from several time-varying sources was required. In a second experiment, 20 additional subjects used both displays in a non-integration task that required monitoring for particular values of six independent system outputs. Results of the integration experiment revealed that performance was superior when the object display was used. However, when the non-integration task was studied, the bar graphs provided more efficient performance. Thus, the requirement to integrate i...
193 citations
TL;DR: A model of multi-attribute evaluations based on incomplete information is investigated which proposes that subjects make inferences about missing attribute-information and incorporate them into the overall judgment of choice alternatives, in terms of classic studies of persuasion.
70 citations
TL;DR: In this paper, it is argued that unaided human judgment is unequal to the complexity of the cost/benefit trade-offs involved in acquiring costly information, and that formal decision analysis should be preferred whenever the stakes justify.
70 citations
TL;DR: This paper formulates a fundamental approach to the information integration of manufacturing enterprises that involves the use of an intelligent metadatabase to create an information environment established through ‘feature’ primitives for the enterprise as a whole.
44 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the impact of various formats used in the design of visual displays was investigated in two reaction-time (RT) experiments, and three guidelines for display design were suggested.
Abstract: The impact of various formats used in the design of visual displays was investigated in two reaction-time (RT) experiments. Analog, digital, and verbal formats were employed with numerical judgment tasks requiring either the integration or non integration of display elements. As predicted by multiple resource theory, the dual task (nonintegration) benefited from a mixed-format display. Integration tasks, however, revealed a contrasting benefit of pure-format displays. Generally speaking, analog indicators were responded to more quickly than were digital or verbal indicators. Three guidelines for display design are suggested.
41 citations
Journal Article•
23 citations
24 Sep 1987
TL;DR: A new computer vision technique based on multisensor fusion for interpreting images of outdoor scenes based on the synergetic integration of information derived from thermal and visual sensors is presented.
Abstract: This paper presents a new computer vision technique based on multisensor fusion for interpreting images of outdoor scenes. The technique is based on the synergetic integration of information derived from thermal and visual sensors. Information integration is implemented at different levels of abstraction in the interpretation hierarchy i.e., at the pixel and at the symbolic levels. The approach establishes features based on surface heat flux estimates that describe intrinsic thermal behavior of imaged objects. Heuristic rules are employed in a decision tree classifier to categorize imaged objects as being either vegetation, building, pavement or a vehicle.
12 citations
Dissertation•
01 Aug 1987
TL;DR: The objective of this research is the investigation of the patterns of information growth to test whether there has been an "information explosion".
Abstract: The objective of this research is the investigation of the patterns of information growth to test whether there has been an "information explosion." To tackle the main problem, there are three issues which need to be addressed: (1) the concept of information dimensionality; (2) determination of common parameters to measure the amount of information within each dimension; and (3) a working definition of "explosiveness. "
10 citations
01 Jan 1987
5 citations
01 Nov 1987
TL;DR: The use of the model for a semantic information retrieval system using the concept of semantic categories is developed which distinguishes between data, as directly observable facts, information, as structured collections of data, and knowledge as methods of using information.
Abstract: In this paper we identify the need for a new theory of information. An information model is developed which distinguishes between data, as directly observable facts, information, as structured collections of data, and knowledge as methods of using information. The model is intended to support a wide range of information systems. In the paper we develop the use of the model for a semantic information retrieval system using the concept of semantic categories. The likely benefits of this area discussed, though as yet no detailed evaluation has been conducted.
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Integrating the four forms of information--data, text, voice and image--has been talked about for years and the computer industry has been crawling toward a solution.
Abstract: Integrating the four forms of information--data, text, voice and image--has been talked about for years. The computer industry has been crawling toward a solution.
01 Jan 1987
TL;DR: This paper attempts to demonstrate the importance of the two elements of an information system - the formal and informal - to show that they are interdependent and to stress the necessity in the analysis, design, and evaluation of anInformation system to put equal emphasis on both elements.
Abstract: In this paper we attempt to demonstrate the importance of the two elements of an information system - the formal and informal - to show that they are interdependent and to stress the necessity in the analysis, design, and evaluation of an information system to put equal emphasis on both elements. We discuss the proposition that 'information is an economic resource, which should be ranked alongside other resources such as capital, labour, and materials' (001), in the context of internal information systems. This leads us to examine the possibilities of information technology supporting not only the formal aspects of an information system, but also to play a part in facilitating the less structured informal aspects. THE CORPORATE MEMORY: A TAXONOMY OF INFORMATION A useful starting point for the analysis of effective information systems is to attempt to classify information into a number of basic types~ Descriptive information In order to operate an enterprise it is necessary to make use of a vast amount of data which describes the real world - data which attempts to provide a picture or map of the real world and which is of sufficient accuracy and resolution to enable a planner or decision maker to take actions even if he is at some distance from the world in question. It is possible to distinguish three different sorts of descriptive information.
TL;DR: Matching information systems and information technology with corporate information needs is a critical process and the corporate objectives and the information needs of management cannot be omitted.
Abstract: Matching information systems and information technology with corporate information needs is a critical process. The planning process needs to be carried out at several steps, ranging from the information systems planning to the capacity planning. Above all, the corporate objectives and the information needs of management cannot be omitted.
01 Nov 1987
TL;DR: An approach to robust knowledge and data base system integration is discussed by addressing progress made in the development of an experimental model for conceptual information processing.
Abstract: Integrating the respective functionality and architectural features of knowledge base and data base management systems is a topic of considerable interest. Several aspects of this topic and associated issues are addressed. The significance of integration and the problems associated with accomplishing that integration are discussed. The shortcomings of current approaches to integration and the need to fuse the capabilities of both knowledge base and data base management systems motivates the investigation of information processing paradigms. One such paradigm is concept based processing, i.e., processing based on concepts and conceptual relations. An approach to robust knowledge and data base system integration is discussed by addressing progress made in the development of an experimental model for conceptual information processing.