Showing papers on "Keying published in 1982"

Keying system for connector families

Abstract: Electrical connector assembly (2) comprises a plug (4) and a receptacle (6). A primary keying system (78, 84) is provided which permits insertion of the plug (4) into the opening (52) of the receptacle (6) but which precludes insertion of a similar, but more narrow, plug (4) into the opening (52). A secondary keying system (86,88) is provided for specifically keying the plug (4) and a receptacle (6) to each other and prevents insertion of another properly sized plug (4) into the opening (52). The primary keying system (78, 84) is advantageous when a series or family of connector assemblies (2) are produced with the different assemblies of the family being generally similar but having increasing numbers of terminals (62) and therefore increasing width. The plug (4) and receptacle (6) can be provided with sheet metal shielding enclosures (98, 100).

Visual communication device

Abstract: A visual communication device for displaying combinations of written words which are entered by manipulation of an efficiently organized keyboard. The keyboard has certain keys specifically dedicated to a set of the words recurring most frequently in common conversational language as well as keys corresponding to discrete letters of the alphabet for spelling less-frequently used words. The keyboard is backed up by an extensive list of common terms stored in a memory. Each word is automatically fetched from the memory and displayed on a multi-digit alpha-numerical readout as soon as a number of leading characters sufficient to identify the word has been entered; thus, dispensing the operator from keying the remaining characters. In this first version, the device can be used by a person with auditory or vocal disability to quickly enter phrases in the readout by a much lesser number of manipulations than would be required if each word had to be spelled one letter at a time on the keyboard.

Same frequency repeater for a multiple repeater system

Abstract: This invention is directed to a same frequency repeater (SFR) for use in a multiple SFR system in which only one SFR at a given time is allowed to retransmit a received signal thereby preventing simulcast distortion which could occur due to multiple SFR retransmissions. The SFR includes a receiver for receiving a signal carrying information at a given frequency and a transmitter for rebroadcasting the received signal at the given frequency. A mechanism is provided for keying the transmitter upon the reception of a received signal. A detector senses if a predetermined pilot tone is carried by the received signal. A mechanism responsive to the detection of the pilot tone inhibits the keying of the transmitter if the pilot tone is detected before the transmitter is keyed. A tone generator encodes the output signal of the transmitter with the pilot tone. The keying mechanism preferably delays the keying of the transmitter for a time period having a duration inversely proportional to the magnitude of the received signal in response to a mechanism which senses the magnitude of the received signal. The present invention further contemplates a method for the operation of such an SFR.

Multitone frequency-hopped MFSK system for mobile radio

Abstract: A digital spread spectrum technique employing frequency hopping and multilevel frequency-shift keying has recently been examined for possible application in mobile radiotelephony. Two system parameters, the number of bits per message and the number of tones in the frequency-hopping sequence, are determined by the available bandwidth and the data rate of each user. These parameters in turn determine the tone duration, which strongly influences the vulnerability of the system to transmission distortions. In this paper we describe a generalization of the MFSK scheme that allows users to transmit more than one tone simultaneously. Multitone transmission makes it possible for designers to increase the duration of each tone by increasing the total number of system frequencies. This flexibility slightly increases maximum efficiency and makes the system less vulnerable to multipath delay spread. It could also have implementation advantages.

Electronic equipment having a second function keying system

Abstract: An electric equipment such as a desk-top calculator having a unit conversion function is disclosed. In addition to a main-display for displaying input numeric data and results of operations, a sub-display is provided on a keyboard to display functions assigned to keys in a second function mode and then display a selected one of the functions. By watching the sub-display, an operator can identify the function for which a unit conversion operation was carried out.

Symbol synchronizer for MPSK signals

Abstract: A symbol synchronizer, as for use with apparatus for detecting MPSK signals to provide complex sampled data descriptive of keying signal phase, in which the timing of the resampling can be controlled with resolution that is a fraction of the time between successive complex data samples. The symbol synchronizer uses a first digital controlled oscillator to recover the MPSK baseband signal sampled at a frequency f i rate. The MPSK signal is operated on to recover a sampled data description of the envelope of the MPSK signal sampled at a frequency f s , which may equal f i or be down-sampled therefrom. This is digitally filtered to provide a sampled data locking signal to a second digital controlled oscillator, which uses modular arithmetic to generate a digital sampled data description at f s rate of a sawtooth waveform repetitive at f k keying rate. In this second digital-controlled oscillator an adder sums its output as delayed by a full f s clock cycle, the error signal, and a constant term. The output of this adder (ignoring the overflow, to implement the modular arithmetic) is the sawtooth waveform with f k fundamental frequency subsequently used in the symbol synchronizer. The sawtooth waveform in sampled data form is adapted for digital phase shifting by linearly combining it with a programmable phase correction signal in sampled data form. The shifted waveform is used as the carrier signal for resampling the MPSK signal to provide complex samples, phased locked to f k keying rate, for application to the circuitry for deciding the keying phase of the received MPSK signal.

Evaluation of Alternative Alphanumeric Keying Logics

Abstract: Four keying logics for the entry of alphanumeric characters were evaluated. Selection of the logics was based on their compatibility with current keyboard designs used in the pilot-aircraft interface, which involves communications, navigation, and other aircraft subsystems. subjects in each of four groups learned one of the logics and their performance was recorded on an alphanumeric keying task. Performance measures were keying speed and keying accuracy for alphabetic characters, numeric characters, character strings, and total list. Keying time for a keying logic that used 36 individual keys for each alphabetic and numeric character was significantly superior to other logics that used push-button telephone-type keyboards. Subjects were equally accurate on all logics.

Circuit arrangement for adjusting the direct current level of a video signal

Abstract: A charging current source and a discharging current source are alternately connected to an input capacitor. By choosing the current ratios it is possible to switch a reference level located in the signal range, for example the black level in a television signal, in the circuit, without the necessity for interval keying.

Ergonomic aspects of aircraft keyboard design: the effects of gloves and sensory feedback on keying performance

Abstract: Increasing requirements for aircraft keyboards have indicated inadequacies in ergonomic standards for airborne environments, in particular for tasks involving unskilled, discontinuous data entry, with emphasis on accuracy rather than speed. Four experiments are reported from a programme of research aimed at the development and application of methodologies for assessing factors relevant to keyboard design. Experiment 1 demonstrated that the effects of various aircrew gloves on a representative aircraft data entry task are highly situation specific. Experiment 2 showed that gloves impaired performance on a high compatibility continuous keying task, with relatively high keying rates, and that this impairment was not reduced by additional auditory feedback. Experiment 3 demonstrated that the high compatibility keying task provided a successful methodology for investigating the effects of key displacement and resistance on speed and accuracy. Experiment 4 indicated the relative contributions of reduced tactili...

Digital chroma-key apparatus

Abstract: In a digital chroma-key apparatus, a digital keying signal is generated by a keying signal processor 15 in response to specified chroma information of a first digital video signal (FG. VID) designating a foreground scene and the first digital video signal is switched into a second digital video signal (BG. VID) designating a background scene in accordance with level of the digital key signal. The digital key signal is adjusted in timing or compensated in level at portions of leading and trailing edges thereof so as to expand or compress the area of chroma-key.

Spectrum efficiency of a frequency-hopped MFSK spread spectrum mobile radio system

Abstract: The spectrum efficiency of a frequency-hopped multilevel frequency-shift keying (FH-MFSK) spread spectrum modulation technique proposed for use in mobile radio systems is evaluated. The analysis assumes randomly chosen address vectors, a perfect synchronization at the receiver, and noncoherent detection. With perfect transmission where the only degradation is due to mutual interference, the efficiency is 0.262, 0.295, and 0.345 at an average bit error rate of 10-3for 1.64, 3.41, and 20 MHz bandwidth. However, with transmission impairments consisting of additive white Gaussian noise and frequency selective Rayleigh fading, which characterize the mobile radio channel, the efficiency depends on the average signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), and on the average bit error rate.

Error Rate Bounds for Differential PSK

Abstract: Differential phase-shift keying (DPSK) and coherent phase-shift keying (CPSK) are two of the techniques widely used in digital communications over channels such as satellite, terrestrial radio, and voiceband telephone. Because of the linear nature of the demodulation process in CPSK, the error performance of CPSK with various sources of impairments has been exhaustively treated, but even with additive Gaussian noise, only asymptotic approximations are available to determine the detection performance of M -ary DPSK, M > 2. In this note, the error performance of nonbinary DPSK in additive Gaussian noise channels has been bounded in terms of tabulated functions and various approximations are then derived.

Technique for inserting keying members into backplanes

Abstract: Keying members (42--42), used to permit mating connectors (32--32) to be inserted onto the proper locations on a backplane (22) of a PCB mounting shelf (10), are initially inserted in a transfer member (62). The transfer member (62) is then positioned proximate the backplane (22) and the keying members (42--42) are urged therefrom onto the backplane (22) by an ejection apparatus (60).

Performance degradation of the Block IV telemetry system due to the presence of a CW interference

Abstract: The presence of an in-band continuous wave interference can seriously degrade the performance of a telemetry system. Degradation effects for a phase shift keying (PSK) system can be found in Refs. 1 and 2. The telemetry system employed for deep space communications is a binary phase-shift keying system (BPSK) with squarewave subcarriers. The use of squarewave subcarriers makes the system less sensitive to in-band interference than a system using sinusoidal subcarriers. A model that allows one to predict the telemetry degradation for the deep space telemetry system is presented and backed with experimental data.

Information input keyboard device of character, symbol and the like

Abstract: PURPOSE:To reduce the fatigue of an operator as well as to increase productivity of characters, by securing the function of a space key for a bar key when it is operated independently and the function of a shift key for the bar key when it is operated along with the keys of characters, symbols, etc., respectively. CONSTITUTION:A keyboard part 10 includes a key group 11 of characters, symbols, etc. plus a bar key BK. The key BK is located at a position where it is easily operated by the operator's front thumb. A key scan/detection encoding circuit 12 scans each key within the group 11 and applies the code signal of the pressed key to an input A of a simultaneous keying processing circuit 13. An encoder 14 applies the code signal shown by the BK to an input B of the circuit 13 in response to the keying of the BK. The circuit 13 decides whether the key of the group 11 and the BK are hit simultaneously. In the case of the simultaneous hit, the value of the key code applied to the input A is converted into the value of a shift mode to be delivered to a key code bus X. In case a simultaneous hit is not decided, the code of the input A and the space code of the input B are delivered directly to the bus X.

Transmission system for keying information

Abstract: PURPOSE:To reduce an ROM capacity, by transmitting a key code given to a character, and transmitting the keying information of shift keys added with the said key code as one-bit information. CONSTITUTION:An output signal consists of 3-bit signals 8-10 indicating the state of shift keys 1-3 and a 6-bit key code 11. The information of a character key is transmitted to a key code ROM16 from a key matrix to generate the key code. The keying information of the three shift keys is transmitted as shift key signals 13-15, formed into signals as shown in Figure at a signal constitution circuit 17 together with the key code and transmitted from a buffer driver 18. The processing blocks 16-18 are controlled with a processor. On the other hand, at the main body side an interpreting job 19 of the key signal and a generating job 20 of the character code are processed with the software.

Keying Logics for Alphanumeric Keyboards and Human Performance

Abstract: Four keying logics for the entry of alphanumeric characters were evaluated for keying speed and accuracy. The logics were selected based on their compatibility with current keyboard designs being used for the pilot-aircraft interface with communication, navigation, and other aircraft subsystems. A logic utilizing individual keys (36) for alphanumeric character keying was significantly faster than three other logics which used push-button matrix (telephone) keyboards. All logics were equally accurate, with an error rate of approximately .5 percent. Significant performance differences among the three matrix keyboard logics were inconsistent.

Terminal device with keying data pushup storage function

Abstract: PURPOSE:To achieve input without destruction of data stored in a storage device for keying data from an input device, even at waiting of response from a data processing device, by providing a buffer between the input device and the storage device. CONSTITUTION:A buffer is controlled with a control signal 8 from a controller 4, temporarily stores data from an input device 1 without giving to a storage device 2, and transmits it to the device 2 or annihilates it. At a data keying from the input device 1 normally, the input data passes through the buffer 6 as it is and is stored in the storage device 2. When the operator gives a transmission instruction from the input device, the stored data in the storage device 2 is transmitted to a data processor 5 and the response is waited by a terminal device, the data keyed from the input device 1 is temporarily stored in the buffer 6.

Device for presenting still picture and sound

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve the recording density, by recording the sound signal with time-compressing at the period of fields corresponding to the picture signal recording tracks or bands and outputting the restored sound at a time expanding section together with a still picture. CONSTITUTION:The picture signal and the time-compressed sound signal are recorded at fields corresponding to tracks or bands of picture signal recording with an identification signal in a picture reproducer 1 such as a VTR and a video disc. This identification signal is detected at a detecting circuit 4, and when the readout field is a picture signal field, a blanking circuit 6 stops its function and when the sound signal field, a latch circuit 5 is controlled so as to close a keying circuit 9. The sound signal through the keying circuit 9 is time- expanded at an A/D converter 10, a memory 11, and a D/A converter 12 and outputted together with a picture signal reproduced repetitively.

Price computing balance

Abstract: 1. Price-calculating scales with a first keyboard (3) for keying in arbitrary basic prices, with a memory (2) for storing a number greater than ten of predetermined basic prices associated in each case with a call number, and with a second keyboard (4) used for requesting the stored basic prices which covers N request keys each associated with a number, N being greater than ten, characterised in that the memory (2) contains more than N memory cells for basic prices, and in that call numbers, which are smaller or equal to N, can be keyed in in each case by one single request key, and call numbers which are greater than N can be keyed in by the corresponding combination of more than one request key of the second keyboard (4).

Polyclave keying with one card per character

Abstract: Summary A modified polyclave keying method is described which employs one card per character rather than character state. This can allow a great reduction in the total number of cards required for keying, along with a lessened need to keep the cards carefully sorted. This allows practical field use of the key. The keying deck is an attribute type with up to 78 taxa and 10 character states or 156 taxa and 5 character states per card. Identifications are made by overlapping the character cards on an identification board. Additional cards or decks are required when the number of character states is greater than 10 (or five in the 156 taxa version) or the number of taxa exceeds 78 (156 in the larger version).

Arithmetic circuit for depth in underwater finder

Abstract: PURPOSE:To simplify the circuit constitution and wirings, by forming a sea bottom forecasting gate with flip-flop circuits and AND circuits. CONSTITUTION:A change forecasting component alpha from a range information transmitting circuit 2 and a depth L0 based on a previously transmitted wave obtained at an operating circuit 9 are subtracted at a subtraction circuit 7 as L0-alpha and the result is set to a counter 8 as the initial value at the transmission of keying pulses K and P. An FF10 is changed to a high level with the keying pulses K and P. When a subtraction counting value from the counter 8 coincides with 0, a coincidence pulse is transmitted to reset the FF10 and a high level signal is transmitted to an AND circuit 6. An FF11 is inverted with the 2nd coincidence pulse and the AND circuit 6 is close. This state is kept until the next keying pulses K, P are given to the FF10 to form a sea bottom forecasting gate.

A differential phase-shift keying modem for data transmission over power lines

Abstract: A differential phase-shift keying modulator-demodulator, integrated in a 5μ double poly-silicon CMOS silicon gate process, will be reported. Circuit affords transmission-reception over 60Hz power line, Receiver uses phase-locked orthogonal switched capacitor matched filters and operates under microprocessor control.

Automatic testing device

Abstract: PURPOSE:To execute automatically an operation test for a device to be tested such as a window device, etc., by providing a keying part which is driven based on the keying data plus an inserting mechanism of a printing medium. CONSTITUTION:A device main body 3 contains a keyboard keying unit 6 and a medium unit 7. The unit 6 has a kaying part 11 which is shifted toward arrow marks A and B by means of a motor 9 and drive shaft 10. Then data DATA are delivered sequentially to a position control circuit 13 and the part 11, and the keyboard 37 is keyed successively at the part 11 to feed the prescribed data to a device 2. On the other hand, a start signal S1 supplied from a keyboard 34 drives an inserting mechanism 36 to carry out a printing action based on the input data given from the keyboard 37. In such way, a test of a window device, etc. is possible with high efficiency.

Three-phase x-ray generator

Abstract: PURPOSE:To suppress overshooting of the threshold voltage of a tube by generating a function to determine a damping resistor and a damping time by means of the set tube voltage and the set tube current and selecting the most suitable damping resistor and controlling the most suitable damping time accordingly. CONSTITUTION:The neutral point of a Y-connection of the primary winding of a high voltage transformer 2 is rectified by a three-phase rectifier 6, and the output is fed to a keying circuit 21. The secondary winding of the high voltage transformer 2 is connected to three-phase rectifiers 3, 4, and the output is fed to an X-ray tube 5. The keying circuit 21 has a series connection of resistors and the first keying element, and the second keying element to short-circuit the series connection; and they are controlled by the outputs from a damping time controller 22 and a damping resistor controller 23, thus the most suitable damping resistor and the most suitable damping time are selected.

Frequency hopping, multiple frequency-shift keying, coding, and optimal partial-band jamming

Abstract: : The performance of frequency-hopping systems with multiple frequency-shift keying is determined for operation against optimal partial-band jamming. The effects of Reed-Solomon, binary block, convolutional, and concatenated codes are analyzed. Continuous-phase frequency-shift keying with limiter-discriminato demodulation is shown to offer potentially improved performance in frequency-hopping systems. (Author)

Slip data input device

Abstract: PURPOSE:To simplify an input device and to reduce an operation error, by providing a display part for displaying a part of all data, designating a printing area and printing rod displaying in order, when inputting a voting ticket data such as a pari-mutuel ticket, etc. for refundment. CONSTITUTION:A voting ticket 1 such as a pari-mutuel ticket, etc. is usually divided into 5 lines, and voting information is printed. The voting ticket 1 is set along a guide 8 on an operation panel 2. Subsequently, a set key 6 is depressed, and a guide lamp 3 corresponding to the uppermost line of the voting ticket 1 is lighted. When an operator performs keying the printed characters of the upper- most line by operating a ten key 7 in order, watching the voting ticket 1, it is displayed on a display part 4 at every operation. The keying of the printed characters of the uppermost line is performed, and after that, when the key 6 is depressed, the lamp 3 corresponding to the second line is lighted, and the keying is performed in the same way. In this way, it is performed 5 times in all to each line, by which a data input of one ticket portion is finished. According to such a constitution, an input device which scarcely causes an operation error is obtained at a low cost.