Showing papers on "Lactation published in 1971"
TL;DR: Some human milk contains particles physically identical to the mouse mammary tumour virus, which could serve as a model in the study of human breast cancer.
Abstract: Some human milk contains particles physically identical to the mouse mammary tumour virus. Tumorigenesis in the mouse could serve as a model in the study of human breast cancer.
204 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1971
TL;DR: This biology of lactation to read is not only the PDF, but also the genre of the book, so that everybody right here to seek for this book is a very fan of this kind of book.
Abstract: But here, you can get it easily this biology of lactation to read. As known, when you read a book, one to remember is not only the PDF, but also the genre of the book. You will see from the PDF that your book chosen is absolutely right. The proper book option will influence how you read the book finished or not. However, we are sure that everybody right here to seek for this book is a very fan of this kind of book.
184 citations
Book•
01 Jan 1971
TL;DR: An advanced text concerning the physiology of lactation based on advances in the last 10 years is presented and an addenda is included which covers advances made in the field since the completion of the main manuscript.
Abstract: An advanced text concerning the physiology of lactation based on advances in the last 10 years is presented. Topics covered include the physiology of the mammary gland prolactin and related mammotrophic hormones mammary growth milk secretion milk removal and the neuroendocrine regulation of mammary gland function. An addenda is included which covers advances made in the field since the completion of the main manuscript. The book is indexed.
167 citations
TL;DR: Nonpuerperal lactation may be the result of pituitary tumors or functional pituitaries disorders, and Elevations of serum prolactin measured by radioimmunoassay were found in three patients with nonpuer Peruvian lactation.
Abstract: Nonpuerperal lactation may be the result of pituitary tumors or functional pituitary disorders. Elevations of serum prolactin measured by radioimmunoassay were found in three patients with pituitary tumors and in one of two patients with functional pituitary disorders. Ingestion of 0.5 g of levodopa (L-dopa) produced a profound fall in serum prolactin in all patients by 90 minutes; thereafter, levels tended to rise toward base-line values. Sustained suppression of serum prolactin levels could not be achieved when L-dopa was given four times daily, although the suppressive effect of a single dose was always demonstrable. More prolonged treatment of one patient did not decrease lactation or lower basal prolactin levels. Because L-dopa probably exerts its effects on the pituitary gland via the hypothalamus, these studies suggest that pituitary tumors associated with lactation may not be autonomous.
151 citations
TL;DR: The motor performance of the severely undernourished animals (offspring of mothers on a 20% diet) was inferior to normals in all the observations.
Abstract: The locomotor development of infant rats nursed by mothers that had free access to food during lactation or were fed during that period 40% or 20% of the ad lib diet were compared. The “spontaneous” emergence or disappearance of several locomotor patterns were sampled daily in an open field situation, and the development of others was studied by inducing them in test situations. The spontaneous motor patterns included general locomotor activity, pivoting, head lifting, and standing on the hindlegs. The induced activities were hanging and moving on a suspended horizontal string, clinging to and descending on vertical ropes, climbing up on a rod, and homing in various test situations. The motor performance of the severely undernourished animals (offspring of mothers on a 20% diet) was inferior to normals in all the observations. This was manifested most commonly in reduced frequency or speed in the performance of certain acts, and in some cases in the prolonged persistence of infantile motor patterns or a delay in the appearance of more advanced patterns.
118 citations
TL;DR: Norethisterone ethanate and medroxyprogesterone acetate were found to be completely effective in fertility control when started in the puerperium and neither agent had any ill effect on the amount of milk or the duration of lactation.
Abstract: Norethisterone ethanate (200 mg every 84 days) and medroxyprogesterone acetate (150 mg every three months) were found to be completely effective in fertility control when started in the puerperium. Neither agent had any ill effect on the amount of milk or the duration of lactation. From the third month onward the three-hourly available milk and the infant weight gain per month were statistically higher in treated groups than in controls. Milk proteins showed a slight decrease in most groups, including the controls, owing to the low-protein diet. No important side effect was produced by these agents other than amenorrhoea.
83 citations
69 citations
TL;DR: Nursing mothers who experienced relatively long or short periods of postpartum lactation amenorrhea in connection with one baby tended to repeat the same pattern with a subsequent baby; the authors designated this as “habitual postpartUM lactation Amenorrhea.”
39 citations
TL;DR: The metabolic balance study showed that the increased intake of NaCl solution in pregnancy and lactation was not caused by sequestration of Na+ in the tissues of the animals, and was instead related to litter size.
Abstract: The appetite of wild rabbits [Oryctolagus cuniculus (L.)] for 500 mEq/1 solutions of NaCl, KC1, CaCl2 and MgCl2 was studied during pregnancy and lactation. The animals were individually caged and external Na+ balances were made. Under control conditions, there was little intake of NaCl. During pregnancy there was a rise in intake. In the latter state it was highest and was increased nearly 10-fold. During lactation the intake of NaCl solution was even greater, often representing daily turnover of total extracellular content of Na+. The increase in individual animals was related to litter size. The voluntary intake of KC1 and CaCl2 was also increased in pregnancy and lactation. The daily water intake more than doubled during lactation. Food intake decreased in pregnancy, particularly during the latter stages, but was increased during lactation. The metabolic balance study showed that the increased intake of NaCl solution in pregnancy and lactation was not caused by sequestration of Na+ in the tissues of th...
38 citations
TL;DR: Three experiments were to study and improve the nutritional value of dried beet pulp for its efficient utilization in the rations of dairy cows and sheep and indicated that when 4% fat was added to a fat deficient ration containing 50% beet pulp, milk yield increased significantly by 7.5%.
Journal Article•
Journal Article•
TL;DR: In order to understand the control mechanism of progestin secretion during lactation, progesterone (P) and 20α-hydroxypregn-4- en-3-one (20α-OH-P) were determined in ovarian venous blood collected from rats nursing 2 or 6 pups at various stages of lactation in controls, and rats given LH antiserum, LH and prolactin.
Abstract: In order to understand the control mechanism of progestin secretion during lactation, progesterone (P) and 20α-hydroxypregn-4- en-3-one (20α-OH-P) were determined in ovarian venous blood collected from rats nursing 2 or 6 pups at various stages of lactation in controls, and rats given LH antiserum, LH and prolactin. Generally, P secretion rate increased gradually to reach a peak on Day 12 of lactation and fell sharply on Day 16. Secretion rate of 20α-OH-P decreased as that of P increased and rose sharply on Day 16. On Day 8, P secretion averaged 13.5 μg/30 min in rats nursing 6 pups and was significantly higher than that in rats nursing 2 pups (7.2 μg/30 min). In rats nursing 6 pups LH antiserum reduced P secretion on Day 8 to the level of 2 pup control group. No difference in P secretion was seen between control and LH antiserum groups on Day 16 when P secretion was extremely low (0.6 μg/30 min). LH antiserum also reduced 20α-OH-P secretion in the 6 pup group on Days 4, 8 and 16. Treatment with LH antise...
01 Jan 1971
TL;DR: The results indicate that DNA synthesis in a high proportion of cells in the lactating gland may not represent premitotic DNA replication and suggest a partial replication of the cellular genome during early lactogenesis and suggests the significance of “gene amplification” has been discussed.
TL;DR: Oxytocin antibody of high titre and affinity provides a new tool for studies of the role of oxytocin in the initiation and maintenance of lactation and parturition.
Abstract: To show that a hormone is essential to a particular Physiological process it is best to study an isolated deficiency state, but this has so far been difficult for oxytocin. Hypophysectomy, lesions in the hypothalamus and the administration of drugs—the experimental methods used so far—cannot produce a unihormonal deficiency with certainty, with the result that there persist differences of opinion about the role of oxytocin in the initiation and maintenance of lactation and parturition1,2. Oxytocin antibody of high titre and affinity3 provides, however, a new tool for these studies.
TL;DR: A harp seal and her pup were caught on the ice floes in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and kept in captivity for 16 days and the gross composition and the fatty acid and mineral constitution of the milk were determined.
Abstract: A harp seal and her pup were caught on the ice floes in the Gulf of St. Lawrence and were kept in captivity for 16 days. Milk was collected from the seal 2, 3, 5, 6, and 16 days postpartum. The gross composition and the fatty acid and mineral constitution of the milk were determined. Both the fat and the protein contents were minimal on the 16th day postpartum. The fatty acid composition of the fat did not follow a definite pattern of change during the lactation period.
TL;DR: It is shown that mammary gland development occurs at an earlier date in the mouse than in the rat, and levels of lactose synthetase, galactosyltransferase and α-lactalbumin reached a maximum level during early lactation and sharp decreases occurred during involution.
Journal Article•
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is of interest that human milk contains a high level of linoleic acid, as it has recently been demonstrated that free fatty acids are the most crucial energy source for young infants and the lipase in human milk makes these available.
01 Dec 1971
TL;DR: Chesworth, J. M. & Smith, G. H. (1971).
Abstract: Chesworth, J. M. & Smith, G. H. (1971). Proc. Nutr. SOC. 30, 47A. Hanson, R. W. & Ballard, F. J. (1967). Bi0chem.J. 105, 529. Hardwick, D. C. (1966). Biochem. J. gg, 228. Hardwick, D. C., Linzell, J. L. & Mepham, T. B. (1963). Biochem.3. 88, 213. Heath, D. F. (1968). Biochem.J. IIO, 313. Katz, J. & Wood, H. G. (1960). J. bid. Chem. 235, 2165. Kronfeld, D. S., Mayer, G. P., Robertson, J. McD. & Raggi, F. (1963). J. Dairy Sci. 46, 559. Landau, 3. R. & Katz, J. (1965). In Handbook of Physiology, Sect. 5, Adipose Tissue p. 253 [A. E. Renold
TL;DR: The findings suggest that methylcobalamin may be a more labile plasma form of the vitamin than 5-deoxyadenosyl cobalamin, and their bearing on problems of cobalamins transport is discussed.
Abstract: Samples of maternal and foetal blood and of human milk, cow's milk, and dried cow's milk have been analysed for cobalamins by chromatography and bioautography. Plasma cobalamins in late pregnancy and after delivery differed quantitatively from those in healthy non-pregnant women. Differences in the proportions of plasma cobalamins were also observed between mothers and their newborn infants. The findings suggest that methylcobalamin may be a more labile plasma form of the vitamin than 5-deoxyadenosyl cobalamin. Breast milk from healthy mothers contained more deoxyadenosylcobalamin and proportionately less methylcobalamin than their plasma. Cyanocobalamin given parenterally to lactating women was detected in the plasma, and high concentrations appeared unchanged in the milk. The B(12) in fresh cow's milk was found to be largely 5-deoxyadenosyl cobalamin whereas dried milk contained only hydroxocobalamin and a little cyanocobalamin. The nutritional implications of the findings, and their bearing on problems of cobalamin transport, are discussed.
TL;DR: The relationship was studied between 14 biochemical polymorphisms, including 9 blood antigens, serum transferrin, and 4 milk protein systems, and 8 quantitative traits consisting of measures of milk composition, feed efficiency, and consumption of dry matter.
TL;DR: In this paper, a study of immunoglobulins in bovine colostrum, milk and serum has been carried out with special reference to IgA and IgM.