Showing papers on "Large cell published in 1977"

Lymphomas of the gastrointestinal tract.

Abstract: Lymphomas occurring primarily in the alimentary tract present in the same way as carcinomas. Because they have a much better prognosis than carcinoma, especially in the case of gastrict lymphomas, it is important that they be diagnosed. For this reason, laparotomy if necessary should be undertaken in order to establish a histologic diagnosis of all alimentary neoplasms. With modern equipment, however, it is often possible to obtain enough tissue for diagnosis by endoscopic means. The ideal treatment is surgery, but if there is doubt about the completeness of excision or if there are involved lymphnodes, postoperative radiotherapy is desirable. The types of primary alimentary lymphoma are similar to those occurring in lymphnodes, and they may be follicular (nodular) or diffuse. Hodgkin's disease is less common than the other lymphomas and has a somewhat worse prognosis. The main prognostic features of alimentary lymphomas are type of lymphoma and degree of differentiation. Follicular lymphomas have a better prognosis than diffuse lymphomas and well differentiated lymphocytic lesions have a better prognosis than large cell poorly differentiated tumors. Lymphnode involvement has no significance in the overall survival rates.

Lung tumours and ACTH production.

Abstract: ACTH levels measured by N- and C-terminal immunoassays and cytochemical bioassay, were measured in fourteen lung tumours not associated with the ectopic ACTH syndrome and in macroscopically normal lung tissue taken from the same patients at thoracotomy. Significant concentrations of immunocative (greater than 3 ng/g wet weight) and bioactive (greater than 0.2 ng/g wet weight) ACTH were found in all the carcinoid and oat cell tumours (n=9), a combined tumour (poorly differentiated adenocarcinoma with large cell carcinoid elements), and a poorly differentiated squamous cell tumour. All the carcinoid tumours contained more C- than N-terminal ACTH immunoactivity. The squamous cell tumours (n=2), anaplastic tumours (n=2) and adenocarcinoma contained insignificant ACTH levels. There was a good correlation between the ACTH levels and the presence of secretory granules in the tumours examined ultrastructually. All the macroscopically normal samples of lung tissue contained immuno and bioactive ACTH-like material, the levels of which correlated well with ACTH levels in the tumour tissue. It is suggested that all lung tumours of carcinoid or oat cell type synthesize ACTH-like materials although clinical evidence of the ectopic ACTH syndrome may be absent. The presence of ACTH-like materials in non-tumorous lung tissue in patients with lung cancer may indicate a low level of ACTH production throughout the lung or sequestration of ACTH containing granules secreted by the tumour.

Lung carcinoma in young adults.

Abstract: Twenty-four patients less than 40 years of age were diagnosed at Walter Reed Army Medical Center between 1971 and 1976 as having lung cancer. The youngest patient was 19 years old. Only one was a nonsmoker. Most patients were symptomatic at the time of examination. The chest roentgenogram showed an infiltrate or consolidation in 9, a mass lesion in 13, and a pleural effusion in 1. Thirty-eight percent had adenocarcinoma, 21% had squamous cell carcinoma, and 21% large cell carcinoma. Nineteen patients had stage II or III disease at the time of initial examination, and only six had resectable tumors. Survival rates were poor. (JAMA238:35-36, 1977)

The prognostic significance of pelvic lymph node morphology in carcinoma of the uterine cervix

Abstract: Pelvic lymph nodes from 80 patients with primary invasive cervical cancer undergoing radical hysterectomy and pelvic lymphadenectomy were evaluated morphologically. Six to 25 (mean 14) lymph nodes from each patient were examined histologically and classified as follows: lymphocyte preominant, germinal center predominant, unstimulated, or lymphocyte depleted. Tumors were classified according to their primary cell type: large cell non-keratinizing, keratinizing squamous cell, small cell, and adenocarcinoma. There was no direct relationship between lymph node morphology and patient age, lesion size, or tumor cell type. A lymphocyte predominant nodal pattern was associated with a statistically significant decrease in lymph node metastases, and tumor recurrence, and an increase in patient survival. In contrast, patients with a lymphocyte depleted nodal pattern had a high incidence of metastatic disease and tumor recurrence, and a decreased survival. Patients with lymph nodes showing an unstimulated or germinal center predominant pattern had an intermediate incidence of nodal metastases and tumor recurrence. These findings suggest that regional lymph nodal morphology may be of prognostic significance in patients with invasive carcinoma of the uterine cervix.

Epithelial repair and regeneration in the uterine cervix. I. An analysis of the cells.

Abstract: Cell studies from 1,376 patients with abnormal cells derived from so-called tissue repair or regeneration comprised the basis for this study. Planimetric measurements were performed on camera lucida tractings of 1,573 atypical reparative cells (ARC). A total of 3,377 ARC were anlyzed with respect to cytoplasmic and nuclear features. On the basis of these analyses, ARC were subclassified into three types. In most instances, the morphologic type corresponded with the cervical epithelium of origin. The differential morphologic features of ARC were compared with the morphologic features of endocervidal adenocarcinoma and large cell nonkeratininzing squamous cell carcinoma. The biologic potential and clinical significance of ARC is to be the subject of a subsequent report.

The activity and distribution of gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (y-GT) in human lung cancers serially transplanted in nude mice.

Abstract: Gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (y-GT) activity and distribution were investigated in different types of human lung cancers (three epidermoid carcinomas, one large cell carcinoma) which were maintained by serial transplantation in nude mice. All transplanted tumour fragments were positive for the enzyme. In the epidermoid carcinomas, y-GT levels were related to the degree of tumour differentiation. Enzyme activity in tumour fragments was always higher than that found in normal adult human lung tissue, and was, in general, maintained throughout the transplantation series.

Cell Proliferation and Histologic Classification of Bronchogenic Carcinoma

Abstract: The rate of cell proliferation of 99 bronchogenic carcinomas (94 primary tumors and 5 metastases) was evaluated from the labeling index after in vitro incorporation of [3H]thymidine; the rate was then correlated with the histologic tumor type according to the classification of the World Health Organization (WHO). Cell proliferation was significantly slower in adenocarcinoma (WHO type III) than in squamous cell carcinoma (WHO type I), small cell anaplastic carcinoma (WHO type II), and large cell carcinoma (WHO type IV). Cells proliferated at a significantly higher rate in large cell carcinoma than in the squamous cell type, whereas no significant difference was observed between the other cell types. Dedifferentiated forms of squamous cell carcinomas had a higher rate of cell proliferation than did differentiated forms of the same cell type. Metastases of small cell anaplastic carcinoma did not differ in cell proliferation from primary tumors of the same cell type.

Ultrastructural comparison between the parenchymal cells of tumors derived from parent and hybrid lines of C1300 mouse neuroblastoma and C6 rat glioma.

Abstract: Hybrid cell line 108CC5, obtained by fusion of N18TG2 mouse neuroblastoma and C6BU1 rat glioma lines, was injected intracranially or s.c. into nude mice. The tissues of the resultant intracranial and s.c. tumors were processed for light, phase, and electron microscopy. For comparison, the tumors induced by inoculation of the parent lines in the respective animal hosts were also studied. Histologically, the hybrid tumor resembled a very cellular, anaplastic neoplasm bearing a greater resemblance to the neuroblastoma than to the glioma type of growth. Under the electron microscope hybrid tumor cells also showed a greater resemblance to neuroblastoma than to glioma tumor cells. Hybrid tumor cells were large (even huge). The cytoplasm contained all the typical organelles. Dense core vesicles and intracisternal type A particles were a regular feature of these cells. Annulate lamellae were also seen frequently. Some of the large cell processes contained numerous microtubules; others were instead packed with filaments. Dense core vesicles and clear vesicles were clustered along some of these processes and at their tips. Unequivocal synapses were not seen, but profiles suggestive of these structures were observed occasionally. Type C virus particles, both budding at the cell surface and lying extracellularly, were commonly noted in the specimens of the hybrid tumor. In conclusion, hybrid tumor cells bore a greater morphological resemblance to neuroblastoma than to glioma tumor cells and showed the “differentiated” morphology of neuroblastoma cells in vitro under a variety of experimental conditions. It would seem, therefore, that parent and hybrid cells from quickly growing, anaplastic-looking tumors, or at least a contingent of cells from these tumors, can achieve morphological “differentiation” in vivo just as effectively as their counterparts do in vitro under a variety of experimental conditions.

Preliminary clinical study of prednimustine in lung cancer.

Abstract: Prednimustine is a prednisolone ester of chlorambucil which has been found effective in a variety of tumors. Eleven patients with advanced carcinoma of the lung (5 adenocarcinoma, 3 squamous cell carcinoma, 2 small cell carcinoma and 1 large cell carcinoma) were treated at a dosage of 40 mg. per day. Nine had previously failed on combination chemotherapy. No objective responses were observed. Leukopenia or thrombocytopenia were found in 4 patients with nadirs of 2,000 WBC and 60,000 platelets. The lack of response may be a function of the inability of lung carcinoma to concentrate the drug as shown with radioactive labeled Prednimustine. The malignant cells may lose their glucocorticoid binding capacity normally present in the lung. Determination of glucocorticoid binding capacity or Prednimustine uptake might predict the effectiveness of Prednimustine in the treatment of tumor. Prednimustine was well tolerated and may be given safely in advanced malignancies. Further studies with high intermittent doses and selection of tumors with steroid binding properties are now in progress.