Showing papers on "Mortar published in 1975"

Underground reinforced plastic enclosure

Abstract: An underground reinforced plastic enclosure comprising a vertically and circumferentially stiffened body. The body is made of a fiberglass polyester resin and the stiffeners are of a reinforced plastic mortar. The body is suitable for surrounding a transformer or an oil switch used in underground utilities. On the body is seated a top cap made of reinforced plastic mortar. The top cap is formed with a central opening. Seated on the top cap is a reinforced plastic mortar cover plate or a metal grate. Depending from the top cap is a fiberglass polyester resin baffle and tamper shield. The body seats on a base of reinforced plastic mortar. A grade adjustment skirt also depends from the top cap outwardly from the baffle and tamper shield.

Cementious composition for use in preparing pointing compounds or mortar compounds

Abstract: A cementious composition is provided which comprises 25 to 100% Portland cement and from 0.001 to 0.25% of certain long-chain organic polymers having a Flocculation Index of less than 0.5. A dry-set grout composition may be prepared using the composition or a sag-resistant dry-set mortar compound may be prepared using the composition.

Apparatus for manufacturing concrete panels with surface pattern decorations

Abstract: An apparatus for manufacturing concrete panels with surface decoration patterns thereon said surface decoration patterns being formed by finishing material containing color cement or pigments or other coloring materials The apparatus comprises a mortar hopper having a mortar outlet opening and a mortar shoot extending downward from beneath the outlet opening of the hopper A molding surface is positioned below the mortar shoot and the mortar shoot extends to the molding surface Color mortar containers are disposed above the mortar shoot to discharge color mortar materials contained therein A mixing means incompletely mixes the mortar with the color mortar materials on the mortar shoot, a mixed mortar inverting descent guide plate is connected to the lower end of the mortar shoot and a vibrator is attached to the mortar shoot The mortar layer which is obtained with color patterns produced through the incomplete mixing carried out by the mixing means is laid on the molding surface by the relative movement between the mixed mortar inverting descent guide plate and the molding surface

Strength and Related Properties of Brick Masonry

Abstract: Sixteen important controllable variables in the strength of conventional brick masonry are related in 10 equations for strength in compression, flexure, and shear. Axial compressive strength of standard brick masonry prisms is a function of the compressive strengths of brick and mortar and quality of workmanship. The compressive strength of brick is a function of unit size and shape, raw material, manufacturing process and degree of burning. Compressive strength of mortar is a function of cement, lime, water and air content, curing condition and batch life. Flexural strength of brick masonry is a function of brick-mortar bond, joint thickness, and mortar cement content. Bond strength of brick to mortar is a function of mortar flow, air content, and exposure time, and brick suction and surface condition. Shear strength of brick masonry is a function of brick-mortar bond strength, compressive stress and coefficient of internal friction.

Decorative precast concrete boards and process for producing the same

Abstract: Decorative precast concrete boards having a pore-free decorative porcelain-tile-like, hewn-stone-like or relief surface and a porous core layer are provided. Such precast concrete boards are produced by applying inorganic cement mortar containing siliceous volcanic sand called "shirasu" in a flat mold made of an elastomeric material so as to form the pore-free surface and pouring thereon an inorganic concrete mortar containing expanded particles of said siliceous sand as the aggregate. The concrete boards do not suffer efflorescence.

Shrinkage-compensating portland cement concrete and mortar compositions

Abstract: This invention pertains to improved shrinkage compensating portland cement concrete and mortar compositions comprising essentially an expansive portland cement, mineral aggregate, from about 5 to about 25 percent based on cement weight of a styrene-butadiene-1,3 copolymer having a styrene to butadiene weight ratio of about 30:70 to 70:30, water and certain minor amounts of nonionic and anionic surfactants, and a foam depressant. When properly restrained by either external restraints or internal restraints in the form of ordinary reinforcement or fibers of various lengths, these compositions possess improved mechanical and physical properties such as compressive and flexural strengths and unexpectedly enhanced freeze-thaw resistance. Such compositions are particularly suited for use in the construction of crack-free structures.

Mortar applying machine

Abstract: A mortar applying machine including a base supported on rollers adapted to roll along the top of a brick or block wall with one of the rollers being driven to move the machine horizontally along the wall. Guide rollers extend downwardly from the base to engage the sides of the wall to maintain the machine in proper alignment. A hopper is mounted on the base and is angularly adjustable to assist in controlling the flow of mortar therefrom. A vibrator is attached to the hopper to assist in moving the mortar from the hopper. A pair of oppositely extending nozzles project from the hopper to feed the mortar to the side edges of the wall. The hopper and vibrator can be removed as a unit from the machine to apply mortar in positions where the machine cannot be used due to space restrictions. When using the hopper removed from the machine one of the nozzles is blocked so that only one stream of mortar issues from the hopper.

Thermosetting concrete-containing epoxy

Abstract: Improved concretes and mortars are made from a hydraulic cement, e.g., Portland cement, and aggregate, plus a curable epoxy resin powder. After the concrete or mortar has cured by hydration, it is heated to a temperature high enough to cause the epoxy resin powder to melt, flow and cure.

Expansion jointing material for placing concrete, mortar or the like

Abstract: An expansion jointing material for placing concrete, mortar or the like which comprises a jointing material of elastic substance and a cover member placed over the jointing material and extending in the longitudinal direction thereof. In operation, a plurality of the jointing materials are preliminarily positioned and adjusted to a predetermined height along the partition lines to form a plurality of partitions into which concrete, mortar or the like is deposited to produce laid surfaces of concrete or the like using the upper portions of the cover members as the reference levels. The jointing materials are completely buried in the concrete, mortar or the like except the upper portions of the cover members to absorb or compensate for the expansion or contraction of the concrete, mortar or the like.

Sag-resistant dry-set mortar composition

Abstract: Portland cement mortar compositions containing sand and a cellulos ether are modified with certain clay, certain long-chain organic compounds, or mixtures thereof.

Mobile building-block-laying masonry machine - has raisable control point with adjustable mortar distributor and swivelling jib block-laying hoist

Abstract: The wall-building machine incorporates a mortar container on a chassis, with a raisable and lowerable mortar distributor assembly and a building-block laying mechanism. There is a control point on the chassis, which can be moved up and down, with the adjustable mortar distributor which is connected to the mortar container by a flexible lead, and there is a hoist, of the crane type, which can swivel on all sides and which has a jib arm, movable up and down, for depositing the building-blocks. There is pref. a rotatable grab seated on the jib arm. The mortar supply lead may be attached to a mortar pump seated on the container. Chassis, hoist, hoist frame, control point and mortar container may be easily detachable units. Wide-ranging versatility is achieved.

Dynamic mechanical response of polymer‐impregnated mortars

Abstract: Dynamic elastic modulus and internal friction of a Portland cement (Type I) mortar system impregnated with an epoxy resin system and with methyl methacrylate were measured in the temperature range of 100 to 450°K by use of a free-free resonance technique. Dynamic modulus values were found to increase greatly compared to controls, especially at lower (<300°K) temperatures. Above 320°K the dynamic moduli of polymer-impregnated mortars exhibited a sharp decrease toward control values. Low temperature damping maxima of the composites differed significantly from those of the constituent phases.

Pressurised mixing of mortar - with feed of fluidised dry mortar to mixer for water addition

Abstract: Dry mortar is fed from a silo to a mixer and fed from this to a forwarding pump after addition of water; the dry mortar is fluidised by introduction of a compressed gas into the silo and/or the mixer. Preferably the gas is air or a propellant gas. The appts. has an inlet connected to a press, gas source; several inlets may be peripherally distributed about the lower end of the silo container, which is connected to the mixer, which may also have an inlet for compressed gas. Water content of the ready-produced mortar is minimised, without lump formation.

Acid-proof ceramic tile flooring - laid on intermediate layer resting on pref. steel-reinforced concrete base, with gaps filled with acid-proof material

Abstract: The steel-reinforced concrete base is covered with a layer of mortar coated with a layer of mortar coated with a layer of acid-proof mastic in which the ceramic tiles are laid side by side. The gaps between the tiles are filled with the acid-proof mastic. An adhesive layer approximately 0.5 millimetres thick is laid between the steel-reinforced concrete base and the mortar layer which is compacted to roughly twenty per cent of its volume. One or more reinforced concrete mats may be incorporated. A top surface of acid-proof mastic is laid over the ceramic tiles to join with that between the gaps to form a smooth surface. Additives are added to the mortar to bind any excess water or to serve as a lubricant in compacting.

Multi-layer lightweight part-concrete building panel - with outer layers of tensile-stress-absorbing material fresh bonded in successive stages

Abstract: The panel, for roofs, ceilings or other building elements, comprises a core layer of light concrete with a piled porous configuration, such as expanded clay concrete, pumice-concrete, etc. with two outside closed layers, with all the materials fully mechanically built in, and with the whole thickness of the slab being statically effective. The outer sealed layers are pref. or mortar cement with embedded corrosion-resistant fibres or similar material, accommodating the tensile stresses occurring in corresponding strength, and bonded to the core layer as one fresh material on another in successive working stages. The fibre reinforcement may run lengthways, or be embedded in two or three dimensions. The outer layers may be of plaster or plastic mortar or similarly effective agglomerating compounds, with a corresponding bonding material in the light concrete.

Continuous, automatic mfr. of prefabricated walls - by assembling and applying mortar to moulded blocks immediately after pressing

Abstract: The device manufactures wall elements from snad lime- or concrete-blocks posesseing mating ends and cavities for mortar; the blocks are moulded in an automatic press and are ejected at press-stable height from where they are picked up by a clamp moving vertically and then horizontally to deposit the block on a prefabricated wall which is assembled on a trolley alongside the press The clamp can be rotated 90 degrees on its vertical axis when required and the trolley can be moved along rails in steps, each step being the length of a block After depositing each layer, a device feeding mortar travels over the blocks in accordance with a prescribed programme so both the cross-joints and the cavities are filled with mortar before the next layer of blocks is deposited on the wall There is a substantial rend in cost by making the blocks and walls at the same time

Mortars for firing smoke candles and explosive shells

Abstract: An improvement in a pot mortar for electrically firing different types of ammunition charges said mortar having a mortar tube, the improvement residing in the mortar tube contains therewithin at least three electrical contacts for electrically contacting ammunition placed therein, one of which contacts is positioned to electrically fire a plurality of different types of ammunition, the other two of which are each positioned to electrically fire only one type of ammunition, each of said two electrical contacts positioned to fire a different type of ammunition.

Load-bearing wall panel whose elements are mortar-binded, and apparatus and method for fabricating same

Abstract: A load-bearing wall panel is fabricated by disposing an assembly of spaced-apart and aligned, hollow-cored bricks onto a molding base containing melted paraffin. Contact of the cooler bricks with the melted paraffin forms a thin skin of solidified paraffin on the brick bottom portions and forces melted paraffin within the joints forming therein a double-convex configuration of solidified paraffin, thereby water-proof sealing the brick bottom portions and joints preparatory to mortar introduction. After curing of the mortar introduced in the joints and cores, the resulting wall panel has load-bearing capacity and unique, double-concave mortar joints that are smooth, water-proof and weather-proof.

Structural significance of brick water absorption

Abstract: When weathering failure occurs in brick, the water absorption characteristics of the units may be questioned, because these properties are used in purchase specifications to predict weather resistance. When brick are removed from the structure for testing, the question arises as to what effect mortar contact may have had on the water absorption characteristics of the brick. Test data reported here indicate no significant effect of mortar contact on total water absorption of brick. However, mortar contact reduces the initial rate of absorption (IRA) for all but very high IRA brick. Should the brick be salvaged and well cleaned for reuse, IRA are not sufficiently low to significantly affect brick-mortar bond strength. There is evidence that waivers of water absorption requirements permitted by ASTM specifications for brick provide a high probability of weathering failure. Plant applied silicone coatings on brick may reduce the IRA of brick to objectionably low values, can result in the improper grading of brick for weather resistance, and may reduce the resistance of masonry to weathering.

Multi-layer, heat- and noise-insulating floor - comprising concrete base, integral, insulating mortar, and rigid flooring slabs

Abstract: A heat- and noise-insulating floor is made by placing an integral (i.e. monolithic, gapless) layer of mortar over concrete floor base, and then laying rigid slabs on top of the still damp mortar. The mortar contains an insulating filler esp. in form of beads of foamed polystyrene or "Perlite" (RTM) and a binder esp. a hydraulic binder. Used in dwellings, factories, schools, hospitals. The insulating layer is free from gaps which may undesirably act as heat- and noise-conductors.

Dimensional stability of masonry walls

Abstract: To assess the contribution of dolomitic limes to dimensional stability of masonry construction, 65 brick masonry walls, 34 by 40 by 8 in. (0.86 by 1.0 by 0.20 m), were constructed. The program involved the following design variables: 6 hydrated limes ranging in autoclave expansion from 0.10 to 15.1 percent; 2 types of brick, one with high water absorption and high autoclave expansion, and the other with low water absorption and insignificant autoclave expansion; and, 2 mortars of cement:lime:sand proportions of 1:1:6 and 1:2:9 by volume. Half of the walls were subjected to temperature and moisture cycles, performed indoors, for 3 ½ years; the other half were tested outdoors for 14 years. Half of the indoor and outdoor exposed walls were spring loaded at 25 psi (1.7×10 5 N/m 2 ). Observed expansion of the walls was found to be related to the potential expansions (as measured by the autoclave test) of the limes. The largest wall expansion took place with the following combination: high potential expansive lime; stable, low absorption brick; unloaded wall; and, 14 year outdoor exposure. In the 14-year outdoor exposure, loss of bond and resulting damage from freezing were complicating factors. The effects of lime, mortar mix, brick, loading, and exposure on the dimensional instability of the masonry walls are discussed.

Concretes protected against frost - contain complexed polyhydroxycarboxylates and conventional alkali carbonates/aluminates

Abstract: Frost - protectants for concrete & mortar comprises an alkali carbonate an alkali aluminate and 0.1-5 wt. % of a polyhydroxycarboxylate of formula (I) or (II) (where n = 15 - 80, & ratio COO- : OH- = 5 - 6 : 1). Used in reinforced concrete, platers & mortars. The polyhyroxycarboxylates are readily sol. in H2O, do not leach out when complexed with cement, do not cause effervescence or corrosion of steel reinforcement. Polyhyroxycarboxylates are Na salts, as light powders with low hygroscopicity. The OH gps. provide high complex-building capacity with polyvalent ions in a cement.

Refractory mortar composition

Abstract: A refractory composition suitable for use as a mortar which consists of chromic oxide and high alumina refractory material and a bonding material consisting of anhydroglucose polymer and phosphoric acid, the composition being substantially free of SiO2.

Hume concrete pipe reinforced with metalic fibers

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain a reinforced effectively hume concrete pipe using few metallic fibers, forming evenly mortar layer of metallic fibers or metallic fibers and cement inflated on the inner layer or outer layer of the pipe thickness. COPYRIGHT: (C)1977,JPO&Japio