Showing papers on "Network management published in 1987"

Laboratory for emulation and study of integrated and coordinated media communication

Abstract: In future telecommunications networks, understanding the issues of user-network control, Customer Premise Equipment (CPE) technologies, services and user applications is as important as the classical network problems of channel structure, switching, and transmission. This paper discusses a Bell Communications Research facility, the Integrated Media Architecture Laboratory (IMAL), designed to flexibly emulate a wide range of current and future network and CPE environments with a focus on multiple media communications. IMAL combines off-the-shelf technologies to create an easily clonable emulation environment for studying, planning, demonstrating, and checking the feasibility of integrated media communications.The IMAL project has assembled workstations which feature speech-synthesis/sampled-audio/telephony capabilities, local 1 MIP computation capacity, and a high-resolution color display integrating text/graphics/image/video under an expanded X Window display management system. (X Windows is an emerging windowing standard to provide high performance device-independent graphics.) The workstations may be augmented as needed by local image digitizers, video cameras, and color image printers producing paper and viewgraph hardcopies. Also, the workstations are interconnected with switches permitting access to one another as well as shared databases, temporary storage, intelligence, and information processing/conversion resources. Communications services are implemented under a distributed, real-time service primitive control scheme. This multiple-media service primitives scheme employs a threaded/dataflow-type architecture to support user-defined, network-defined, and vendor-defined services while including a wealth of flexible features for the study of network architecture, protocol, network management, and billing functions.

Packet-Switching Applique for Tactical VHF Radios

Abstract: Packet radio technology is being used to implement a data communication network based on tactical radios because of the advantages that packet radio technology offers in the tactical environment These include fully distributed control for survivablity, self-initialization and mobility for easy deployment, automatic network management, extended coverage, and interconnection to other packet switching networks This paper describes the design considerations for tailoring packet radio technology to the low-bandwidth constraints of VHF radios, the network management protocols, and the hardware for implementing the packet-switching applique The protocols are fully automated and distributed among all the nodes of the network The protocol suite includes channel access, error control, packet forwarding, and route management The hardware is built on a VMEBUS system with a single-board computer and a custom radio interface User terminals attached to the applique are provided with Telnet/TCP/IP or test and control capability Radio interfaces are provide for SINC-GARS, ARC-186, and VRC-12 radios

SNA: current requirements and direction

Abstract: Since its announcement in 1974, Systems Network Architecture (SNA) has evolved in terms of its functional content, configurational flexibility, and network management services. This paper briefly traces this progress to the present and examines the more recent advances in greater detail. It then discusses known requirements for enhanced application and transaction services, for additional provisions for very large networks, for continuing adaptation of small-system and transmission media advances, for inclusion of additional management capabilities, and for further integration of network standards—all of which will shape future SNA developments.

A threaded/flow approach to reconfigurable distributed systems and service primitives architectures

Abstract: This paper discusses a methodology for managing the assembly, control, and disassembly of large numbers of independent small-scale configurations within large-scale reconfigurable distributed systems. The approach is targeted at service primitives architectures for enhanced telecommunications networks, but can apply to more general settings such as multi-tasking supercomputers and network operations systems.* Study of the methods presented here was a key motivation in founding the Bell Communications Research Integrated Media Architecture Laboratory (IMAL) [1].The Threaded/Flow approach uses data-flow constructs to assemble higher level functions from other distributed functions and resources with arbitrary degrees of decentralization. Equivalence between algorithms and hard and virtual resources is accomplished via threaded-interpretive constructs. Function autonomy, concurrency, conditional branching, pipelining, and setup/execution interaction are implicitly supported. Some elementary performance comparisons are argued.This work is motivated by telecommunications applications involving coordinated multiple-media in open architectures supporting large numbers of users and outside service vendors. In such networks it is desired that services may be flexibly constructed by the network, service vendors, or by users themselves from any meaningful combination of elementary primitives and previously defined services. Reliability, billing, call progress, real-time user control, and network management functions must be explicitly supported. These needs are handled with apparent high performance by the approach.

Load Balancing in a Network of Transputers

Abstract: A multiprocessor system is constructed based on the Transputer by INMOS Each transputer has local memory for code and data and can exchange messages with other network members via its four high speed serial links Communication and user application are programmed in OCCAM, a language designed to describe a system of concurrent processes We present a method to solve combinatorial problems in parallel on a transputer network, ie we formulate a sequential branch-and-bound algorithm in such a way that — together with network management routines — it can be executed in parallel To show the performance of our strategy a parallel version for the Vertex Cover Problem is implemented Execution times and speedups obtained with a configuration of 32 transputers are discussed

An Experimental Cross-Connect System for Metropolitan Applications

Abstract: New approaches to structuring the transport layer of telecommunications networks can lead to significantly enhanced capabilities at the same time as reducing network operating costs. Proposals for a network transport layer based upon a series of narrow-band, wide-band, and broad-band digital cross-connects are presented. Together with a central automated network management facility, these permit the rapid provisioning of facilities and "slowswitched" broad-band and wide-band Services. An experimental system, based on a novel transwitching format and structure, is described.

An architectural view for integrated network operations

Abstract: This paper is intended to advance the basic features of lops beyond conceptual views into implementation strategies. If provides a structured systems analysis methodology for developing an IOP framework as well as for planning and implementing new OSSs which fit within an IOP framework. N etwork Operations automation and mechanization has been receiving considerable attention from many North American Telephone Companies. A number of these companies have been active planning the modernization of their existing computerized operations support systems (OSSs) in order to:

The Sigma network

Abstract: The Sigma network is one of the most important element of the Sigma system which is designed to improve productivity of a software.The Sigma network has been developed in order to establish a infrastructure which acts as development environment provided by logically integrated Sigma workstations spread over various companies and inside the companies which approve the concept of the Sigma system. It is also included in the scope of its development to enrich application programs mainly for message communication required by network community.The network supports IEEE802.3, digital packet exchange (X.25) and serial line under the TCP/IP layer and realizes end-to-end immediate communication.Sigma network is a name oriented virtual network defined by hierarchical name space (domain) and named objects placed under the domains. Its key feature lies in the network management mechanism, i.e. Name Server.

Disciplines for Effective Network Management

Abstract: Internetworks are managed with distributed administration and ownership and frequently contain many different types of equipment Consequently, network management has become more important and more difficult Effective network management requires knowledge from many disciplines including Communications, Network Analysis, Databases, Distributed Systems, Artificial Intelligence, and Human Factors This paper describes our research into these areas in support of the Automated Network Management (ANM) system which will be used by network operators, network analysts, and administrative personnel This system is currently in development at BBN Laboratories Incorporated under contract to DARPA and CECOM and draws upon earlier work at BBN

Network management system

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a concentrative network management equipment while enhancing the independency between segments by adopting the address system of a network as two stages of segment and node addresses. CONSTITUTION:A packet is generated in a node 21. An address of the node 21, a node address and a segment address are set to the packet. The packet is sent to a ring node 51 through a bus 45. The node 21 sends the packet to a ring 55. The packet sent to the ring is compared with its own address by a ring node 54, and in case they are coincident, the packet is sent to a bus 48. The network management equipment 30 collects the packet sent to the bus 48 and the collected data is stored in a storage circuit 305. Then a main controller 301 applies proper processing to the data and, for example, the sent packet number by nodes and a reception packet number are displayed on a CRT.

Operations systems support for future telephone company networks

Abstract: September 1987-Vol. 25, No. 9 IEEE Communications Magazine T he ability to support operations in the evolving telephone company networks is a major driving force in the volution of operations systems. New architectures and technologies involve a large array of new network features and capabilities that form the basis for new network services.[ 13 Ultimately, there will be one integrated virtual network over which all services can be offered. This will allow for services to be provided quickly because specialized equipment and facilities will not be required. Operations systems have traditionally been organized to support particular services, such as circuit-switched voice or digital data services. As new technologies integrate these services, an integrated plan for operations support is needed, and operations systems will have to support integrated operations.

Easing the migration into the future of communications technology

Abstract: Some of the obstacles that can be expected to impede the migration to the new communications scenarios that are expected to become real over the next few years are described. The easing of the migration is described in terms of the outputs from two ESPRIT projects, CARLOS and CACTUS. Some introductory materials on OSI, ISDN and the X.400 series of Recommendations is included.

Networking requirements and future alternatives

Abstract: The Working Group on Networking Requirements and Future Alternatives recommends creation of an international, interagency networking facility for science, whose 15-year mission is to ensure that US scientists have available the most advanced wide area networking facilities in the world, and to ensure that US wide area network technology maintains a position of world leadership. A minimum of 1.5-Mbit/s access to major government and academic research centers should be provided. Such a network would greatly benefit the competitive position of the United States in scientific research. It would also place the US in a leadership position in utilization of high bandwidth, wide area networks. United States industries supporting wide area network technologies would gain a significant competitive advantage over other countries. An ongoing program of research and development into both wide area network technology and network management is necessary for this endeavor to be successful. As part of the second year study, the Working Group recommends that an interagency coordinating committee be established to identify short-term implementation issues that can be investigated and resolved in parallel with long-term issues. This would provide immediate benefit to the nation's scientific community.

Network operations and performance

Abstract: March 1987-Vol. 25, No. 3 IEEE Communications Magazine 20 “0 peration and maintenance” of subscriber networks is one of the most critical issues since many administrations are confronted with the ever increasing expense of network management and maintenance. We observe increasing customer demand for “reliable and high-quality” services, which in turn requires special architecture and maintenance strategy for local networks. Also important is the “planning” of local networks, where well-proven methodologies and computer-based tools are necessary to cope with the loop complexity. The ISSLS ’86 sessions on “Network Operations and Performance” may be,characterized by the three keywords which appeared in almost every paper: “digital,” “multi-service,” and “computerbased.”

Machine Intelligence for DoD Communications System Control

Abstract: Modern military communication systems are complex, multi-layered networks which demand an integrated and automated approach to network management and system control Effective system control requires interpretation of operating data to assess network status, planning to reconfigure network resources in the event of outages, and decision making to effect appropriate control actions To meet these needs, the US Air Force, in conjunction with the Defense Communications Agency (DCA), is investigating the use of machine intelligence techniques to provide real-time expert assistance to the human operators responsible for the management and control of the Defense Communications System This paper describes an evolutionary approach to the development of these intelligent assistants, in which modular hardware and software systems are being developed and tested in an incremental progression of closely coupled projects

Knowledge-Based System Analysis and Control Defense Switched Network Task Areas

Abstract: : A major activity during FY91 has been the design and implementation of a new Artificial Intelligence (Al) Utility architecture for the Integrated Workstation (IW) used by network management personnel at Defense Information Systems Agency-Europe (DISA-Europe). For the new utility, Lincoln has developed a revised IW Expert System (IWES) that no longer depends on the neural network component of the old architecture for problem detection. In addition, the new IWES has monitors that produce Alert messages when reported values from the network indicate significant departures from normal values recorded in a statistical database. The new architecture also allows expert site personnel to adjust the behavior of the system through new user interfaces. The IW, as installed in September 1990 and used throughout FY91, was subjected to operational test and evaluation at DISA-Europe in September 1991. The system, including the IWES. met user criteria and was recommended for acceptance as operational. Subsequently the new Al architecture was installed and demonstrated for site personnel. Substantial work has been done to enhance the value of the Lincoln Call-by-Call Simulator (CCSIM) as a trainer for IW operators. The CCSIM Top-Level Design Document was issued, and a draft document on the Common Channel Signaling implementation was sent to the Defense Communications Engineering Center for review. Preliminary simulations of the current Pacific Defense Switched Network were carried out. A component of DCEC FY91 tasking for Lincoln Laboratory is DRTV-funded expert systems development for the Defense Communication System transmission system control. This tasking is referred to as TRAMCON alarm integration, as in past reports. It had one major component in FY91. implementation of the TRAMCON .Alarm Interpreter, and one minor component, maintenance and extension of the TRAMCON Event Generator.

Centralized supervisory system of packet exchange

Abstract: PURPOSE:To release the load applied to a packet exchange network for centralized supervision by providing a slave management exchange. CONSTITUTION:The slave management exchange 2' is provided in the packet exchange network in addition to a network management exchange 1'. The slave management exchange 2' sends a supervisory request packet R to packet exchanges 4, 5 under the control and state information S4, S5 representing the state of the packet exchanges 4, 5 are held by using a reply packet A returned from the packet exchanges 4, 5 and in receiving the supervisory request packet R sent from the network management exchange 1', the state information S4, S5 during holding added to the reply packet A and the result is returned to the nextwork management exchange 1'. The network management exchange 1' uses the received reply packet A to recognize the state of the slave management exchange 2' s well as that of the packet exchanges 4, 5.

Intelligent Communications

Abstract: The survival of communications networks in future wars will depend not only on the ability of our communications links and nodes to withstand both electronic and physical threats, but also on the ability to manage limited communications resources, and to re-route and reconstitute in the face of degradation and destruction. Envisioned is an "intelligent network", with "smart" radios able to adapt their characteristics to an uncertain, hostile environment; with multimedia links for connectivity and survivability and a carefully orchestrated network management concept. Adaptive techniques and expert systems will play a major role in achieving desired capabilities.

Network scheduling limited by special constraint as a function of time cost

Abstract: The paper deals with the application of mathematical programming techniques to network analysis and network management in general. The authors show the application of linear programming to network scheduling when the problem is to minimize the total crashing cost and the required completion time is given. Finally the application of goal programming is presented in network scheduling in tha case, when all kinds of constraints (time, resource, etc.) are introduced into the problem and the manager has to deal with multiple objectives which may be in conflict. All kinds of network scheduling problems mentioned above are illustrated through a detailed numerical example.

LAN requirements for air traffic control

Abstract: This paper summarizes the architectural requirements of computer communications for Air Traffic Control (ATC), using the Federal Aviation Administration's (FAA) future Advanced Automation System (AAS) The requirements include distributed processing, high availability, and interfacing to additional systems provided by other contractors The system must have high performance as well as extensive routing capabilities Architectural issues include modularity, intelligent workstations, global access and the management of informationAir traffic control requires very high system availability This demands the use of redundancy, comprehensive fault detection and recovery, extensive testing, and network management