Showing papers on "Oxidative stress published in 1979"
TL;DR: The major antioxidant defense system appears to function by scavenging free radicals and singlet oxygen with vitamin E and superoxide dismutase as discussed by the authors, which is closely related to dietary proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, minerals and vitamins, and all are involved in the cellular antioxidant defense.
257 citations
TL;DR: In this article, the significance of the glutathione redox system in phagocytic leukocytes was studied in a family with GRS-deficient neutrophils.
124 citations
TL;DR: Evidence is provided for a protective role of glutathione in normal neutrophil function and damage to microtubules and membranous structures in the patient's neutrophils during phagocytosis is revealed.
Abstract: Summary. Several episodes of neutropenia were observed in a child with glutathione synthetase deficiency (5-oxoprolinuria). Studies of the patient's glutathione-deficient neutrophils were undertaken to examine the responses of the cells to oxidative stress associated with phagocytosis. The patient's neutrophils contained 10–20% of normal glutathione content. Circulating neutrophils in infection-free periods appeared less mature than normal by morphologic criteria, suggesting increased cell turnover. The cells ingested particles, responded to chemotactic stimuli, and oxidized 1-14C glucose normally. However, following ingestion of particles, the cells accumulated excess hydrogen peroxide compared with normal cells, and showed impaired protein iodination and bacterial killing. Electron micrographs revealed damage to microtubules and membranous structures in the patient's neutrophils during phagocytosis. The level of glutathione in the cells appears inadequate to protect against peroxide generated during normal cell function, and the cells are thus damaged and rendered less effective in bacterial killing. The data provide evidence for a protective role of glutathione in normal neutrophil function.
87 citations
TL;DR: Excerpt Glutathione (GSH) and vitamin E both play vital roles in the protection of cells from oxidative stress and decreased reduced erythrocyte GSH resulting from inborn errors of metabolism is a sign of oxidative stress.
Abstract: Excerpt Glutathione (GSH) and vitamin E both play vital roles in the protection of cells from oxidative stress (1). Decreased reduced erythrocyte GSH resulting from inborn errors of metabolism is a...
63 citations
TL;DR: The results suggest that lipid membrane peroxidation in glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase deficient erythrocytes, which has been postulated to occur under conditions of oxidative stress, does not result in significant depletion of ERYthrocyte reduced glutathione pools.
27 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: It is suggested that thyroid hormones stimulate the HMP-shunt in red blood cells as a defence mechanism against additional oxidative stress in patients with hyperthyreotic patients and hyperthyroxinaemic animals.
Abstract: This paper deals with the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase in patients with hyper- and hypothyroidism as well as in hyperthyroxinaemic rats The activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase is enhanced in red blood cells of hyperthyreotic patients and hyperthyroxinaemic animals The activity will be decreased to normal range in patients by administration of antithyreotic drugs, such as thiamazole Patients with hypothyroidism exhibit decreased enzymatic activity It is suggested that thyroid hormones stimulate the HMP-shunt in red blood cells as a defence mechanism against additional oxidative stress
5 citations