Showing papers on "Paging published in 1990"

Introduction system for locating compatible persons

Abstract: An introduction system for participating users, includes for each user a personal device that is subject to activation by remote paging. Each user, also has a memory device that contains personal data defining the user by personal characteristics such as traits and interests. A local control unit receives the respective personal data from a plurality of user memory devices and using computer means compares the personal data of each user with the personal data of other users who have within the same time frame entered their personal data into the local control unit via their respective memory devices. Pairs who are matched to predetermined standards by the computer comparison are automatically paged via their personal devices and an introduction is facilitated.

Satellite based global paging system

Abstract: A satellite based paging communication system comprises a plurality of terrestrial stations capable of communicating the paging information with at least one satellite (102). The satellite(s), in turn, are capable of communicating the paging information to at least one terrestrial receiver (126) or terrestrial station (116). Also included is at least one control station (110) for determining where and how to deliver the paging information to one or more of a plurality of terrestrial receivers (pagers), at least some of which are capable of receiving the paging information from one or more of the satellites and one or more of the terrestrial stations.

Cellular telephone with pager

Abstract: A compact and unitary cellular/pager. The cellular/pager includes a cellular antenna for receiving UHF cellular and paging signals. The cellular/pager also includes a VHF paging antenna. Every paging signal is sent to a paging receiver. The paging receiver uses the same circuitry to process either the UHF or VHF page. This is accomplished by setting a voltage controlled oscillator (VCO) to one of two frequency ranges. The chosen frequency is either added or subtracted to the incoming signal in order to match a constant intermediate frequency. The resultant signal is demodulated and a bit rate is selected by a decoder, under the control of a microprocessor. Therefore, the paging receiver can choose a band, a channel and a bit rate. Cellular signals are sent to a cellular block. Cellular location information is utilized by the cellular/pager to form an internally updated roaming pager. That is, the cellular location information is automatically conveyed by the cellular block, under the control of the microprocessor, to a paging service. The paging service then knows the location of the paging receiver, consequently the paging service can direct the pager to await for a page at a single frequency, thereby eliminating frequency scanning by the pager or manual updates by the user.

Uncoupling a central processing unit from its associated hardware for interaction with data handling apparatus alien to the operating system controlling said unit and hardware

Abstract: The functions of two virtual operating systems (e.g., S/370 VM, VSE or IX370 and S/88 OS) are merged into one physical system. Partner pairs of S/88 processors run the S/88 OS and handle the fault tolerant and single system image aspects of the system. One or more partner pairs of S/370 processors are coupled to corresponding S/88 processors directly and through the S/88 bus. Each S/370 processor is allocated from 1 to 16 megabytes of contiguous storage from the S/88 main storage. Each S/370 virtual operating system thinks its memory allocation starts at address 0, and it manages its memory through normal S/370 dynamic memory allocation and paging techniques. The S/370 is limit checked to prevent the S/370 from accessing S/88 memory space. The S/88 Operating System is the master over all system hardware and I/O devices. The S/88 processors access the S/370 address space in direct response to a S/88 application program so that the S/88 may move I/O data into the S/370 I/O buffers and process the S/370 I/O operations. The S/88 and S/370 peer processor pairs execute their respective Operating Systems in a single system environment without significant rewriting of either operating system. Neither operating system is aware of the other operating system nor the other processor pairs.

Method for simultaneous update and change in parent and child windows

Abstract: A technique which automatically updates and changes hierarchically related windows of an application. Code stored in the memory of a data processing system performs an automatic search on the data structures associated with each window also stored in memory to determine whether the window is related to the window in which the user is currently manipulating data. If the window is related, another search is performed to determine whether the related window also contains the data to be changed. Once all occurrences of the data within the related windows have been identified, the simultaneous update of the data within all related windows is performed. In the preferred embodiment, the method is implemented by a set of programs for controlling a data processing system. The data processing system includes a processor, a memory, and a display. Other elements preferably included in such a data processing system include a printer, a read only memory disk storage and I/O equipment. The memory stores a set of program modules which provides instructions to the processor to control the graphical interface presented on the display and to manipulate data entered by the user by the keyboard, mouse or other input means. The memory also stores code which controls the automatic updating of the related windows in the multiwindowing environment. Further, the memory stores a database which contains the data structures associated with each of the windows and icons therein.

Integrated paging and radiotelephone system having improved paging reliability

Abstract: A communication system is described which comprises a paging terminal for paging message delivery to a paging receiver and a cellular switch for call delivery to a personal communication transceiver. Utilized within the system are portable communication devices combining the personal communication transceiver and the paging receiver. The system is capable of reliably delivering a paging message to the paging receiver by first detecting when a call is in progress with the personal communication transceiver portion of the portable communication device for which a paging message to the paging receiver is intended, and then by inhibiting the transmission of the paging message to the paging receiver during the call to the personal communication transceiver. The paging message is then delivered to the paging receiver upon termination of the cell to the personal communication transceiver.

Satellite based acknowledge-back paging system

Abstract: A satellite based paging communication system comprises at least one satellite (102) capable of communicating the paging information to at least one terrestrial receiver (110, 116, 126) some of which are capable of transmitting an acknowledge signal (127) so that message reception may be verified and satellite traffic controlled.

Satellite based simulcast paging system

Abstract: 2045693 9108652 PCTABS00005 A satellite based simulcast paging communication system comprises a plurality of terrestrial stations (118) capable of simulcasting the paging information with at least one satellite (102) for reception by one or more of a plurality of terrestrial receivers (900) (pagers) Also included is at least one control station (110) for determining where and how to deliver the paging information to achieve simulcast transmission

Paging terminal apparatus with user selectable page forwarding capability and methodology therefor

Abstract: A paging receiver (12) having acknowledge back capability is provided with the capability to request a received message to be forwarded to an alternate paging receiver in a paging system (10) after having received its address and associated message. The paging receiver (12) includes an entry device (66) for selecting the alaternate paging receiver to which the message is further to be sent, and after the selection is made, the paging receiver (12) generates the acknowledge back response requesting the message be further sent to the selected alternate paging receiver.

Simulcast satellite paging system with provision for signal interruption

Abstract: A paging system includes a satellite uplink (40) for assembling paging information and transmitting it to a satellite (26). The satellite (26) is then operable to transmit in a simulcast manner all the information to various regional paging systems (42). Each of the paging systems (42) includes a plurality of towers (10) each containing a satellite receiver (50), a satellite dish (48) associated therewith and a paging transmitter (52). Each of the satellite receivers (50) are operable to receive the information transmitted from the satellite (26) at substantially the same time such that there is no phase difference between any of the towers, regardless of location. Therefore, the transmitters (50) can transmit through antennas (12) information at the paging frequency with substantially no relative delays relative to each of the antennas (12). A backup link receiver (28) is provided for interfacing with a backup link transmitter (70). In the event of a failure of the receivers (50) or the satellite (26), the link transmitter (70) will transmit the paging information directly to select ones of the towers (10) over a separate frequency.

Missing radio page message detection

Abstract: A paging system transmits consecutively numbered page messages to receivers. Receivers detect missing page messages by interrogation of received page message numbers, and a missing page message is indicated by a gap in received page message numbers. However, page messages may be separated by long time intervals and a gap in received message numbers can not be detected until a subsequent page message is received. To more immediately detect a missing page message, a sequence message generated by the paging system provides a last transmitted page message number to receivers during otherwise unused portions of the transmission bandwidth. The receivers can thereby detect missing page messages without waiting until receiving a subsequent page message and without depleting the transmission bandwidth resource.

Automatic paging telephone set and method for controlling thereof

Abstract: An automatic paging telephone set comprising first and second DTMF transmitters, a mode selector for selecting either a pager number recording mode, a paging mode, or a general communication mode, and a controller for controlling the telephone set according to the mode selected by the mode selector. When the telephone set is in the recording mode, the pager number data is stored into the memory of the controller. When the telephone set is in the paging mode, the controller stores the caller's telephone number into the memory thereof, and then transmts the pager number and the caller's telephone number to the paging system subscriber.

Apparatus for allocating subscriber identification numbers to plural service zones in a paging system

Abstract: A paging system comprises a predetermined number of radio paging terminals each producing a subscriber identification number, a service zone signal, and a frequency signal respectively corresponding to a subscriber number, a paging processor for allocating subscriber identification numbers received from the radio paging terminals respectively to a predetermined number of paging service zones and a predetermined number of time slots in accordance with the service zone signals and frequency signals, and a predetermined number of transmitter for radiating paging signals provided in each of the paging service zones so that at least two paging signals having different frequencies which are obtained by modulating at least two of the subscriber identification numbers are radiated in two adjacent paging service zones at one of the time slots.

Real-Time UNIX® Systems: Design and Application Guide

Abstract: 1 Introduction to Real-Time Computing.- 1.1 Definition and Classification of Real-Time Computer Systems.- 1.2 Computer Requirements for Real-Time Applications.- 1.3 Systems Issues.- 1.4 Real-Time Measures.- 1.4.1 Rhealstone Metric.- 1.4.2 Process Dispatch Latency Time.- 1.4.3 Tri-Dimensional Measure.- 1.4.4 The Real/Stone Benchmark.- 1.5 Model of an Open Real-Time System.- 2 Real-Time Operating Systems.- 2.1 Requirements for Real-Time Operating Systems.- 2.2 Real-Time UNIX Operating Systems.- 2.2.1 The UNIX System and Real-Time.- 2.2.2 Real-Time UNIX Standards.- 2.2.3 Real-Time UNIX Implementations.- 3 Concept of a Fully Preemptive UNIX Operating System.- 3.1 System Concept.- 3.2 Process Subsystem.- 3.2.1 Process Concept.- 3.2.2 Process Creation and Termination.- 3.2.3 Forking Child Processes.- 3.2.4 Waiting for a Child Process to Terminate.- 3.2.5 Process States.- 3.3 Memory Management.- 3.3.1 Data Structures.- 3.3.2 Paging.- 3.3.3 Allocating Memory.- 3.3.4 Locking Pages in Memory.- 3.4 Process Scheduling.- 3.4.1 Data Structure Integrity.- 3.4.2 Timers.- 3.5 Interprocess Communication.- 3.5.1 Signal Mechanism.- 3.5.2 Common Event Notification.- 3.5.3 Shared Memory.- 3.5.4 User-Level Semaphores.- 3.6 File Subsystem.- 3.6.1 File Types.- 3.6.2 File Listings.- 3.6.3 File Permissions.- 3.6.4 User View of a File System.- 3.6.5 Accessing Files in Programs.- 3.6.6 File System Structure.- 3.6.7 Accessing Data Storage Blocks.- 3.6.8 Accessing Free Inodes and Data Blocks.- 3.6.9 File System Access Tables.- 3.6.10 Using the File Access Tables.- 3.7 I/O Subsystem.- 3.7.1 Device I/O.- 3.7.2 I/O Transfer Methods.- 3.7.3 Initiating I/O Operations.- 3.7.4 Device Interrupts.- 3.7.5 Drivers for Real-Time Applications.- 4 Designing Real-Time Applications.- 4.1 Programming Guidelines.- 4.1.1 Real-Time Program Structure.- 4.1.2 Development Procedure.- 4.1.3 Using System Calls.- 4.1.4 Performance Hints.- 4.2 Scheduling Processes.- 4.2.1 Selecting Process Priorities.- 4.2.2 Setting Real-Time Privileges.- 4.2.3 Changing Process Priority.- 4.2.4 Monitoring the Run Queue.- 4.2.5 Real-Time Timers.- 4.3 Real-Time Memory Allocation.- 4.3.1 Controlling Memory Allocation.- 4.3.2 Locking Pages into Memory.- 4.3.3 Example Program: Preallocating Memory for a Process.- 4.3.4 Example Program: Handling Real-Time Memory Violations.- 4.4 Interprocess Communications: Pipes, Signals and Events.- 4.4.1 Pipes and Named Pipes.- 4.4.2 Signals.- 4.4.3 Common Event Notification Mechanism.- 4.5 Interprocess Communications Using Shared Memory.- 4.5.1 Using Shared Memory.- 4.5.2 Creating a Shared Memory Segment.- 4.5.3 Allocating a Physical Shared Memory Segment.- 4.5.4 Controlling Shared Memory.- 4.5.5 Attaching and Detaching a Shared Memory Segment..- 4.5.6 Getting Physical Shared Memory Segment.- 4.5.7 Checking the Status of a Shared Memory Segment.- 4.6 Interprocess Communications Using Semaphores.- 4.6.1 Creating a Semaphore Structure and Array.- 4.6.2 Controlling Semaphores.- 4.6.3 Operations on Semaphores.- 4.6.4 Using Binary Semaphores.- 4.7 Interprocess Communications Using Messages.- 4.7.1 Creating Message Queues.- 4.7.2 Controlling Message Queues.- 4.7.3 Message Operations.- 4.8 Using Files.- 4.8.1 Fast File System.- 4.8.2 Creating Files and File Systems.- 4.8.3 Preallocating File Space.- 4.8.4 Bypassing the Buffer Cache.- 4.8.5 Asynchronous File I/O.- 4.8.6 Using Both Synchronous and Asynchronous I/O on a File.- 4.8.7 Synchronizing Disk Access.- 4.9 Interfacing Devices.- 4.9.1 Asynchronous I/O Operations.- 4.9.2 Traditional UNIX System Interrupts.- 4.9.3 Connected Interrupts.- 4.9.4 Direct I/O.- 4.10 Writing System Calls.- 4.10.1 Overview of System Calls.- 4.10.2 Guidelines for Writing System Calls.- 4.10.3 Installing System Calls in the Kernel.- 4.10.4 Accessing User-Defined System Calls.- 4.11 Porting Applications.- 4.11.1 Porting SVID-Compatible Applications.- 4.11.2 Porting from Proprietary Operating Systems.- 4.12 Performance Management.- 4.12.1 Creating an Efficient Environment.- 4.12.2 Maintaining System Efficiency.- 4.12.3 Solving Performance Problems.- 4.12.4 Measuring Performance.- 4.12.5 Performance Evaluation of the REAL/IX System.- 5 Case Studies.- 5.1 The Data Acquisition and Space Shuttle Launch Control System at NASA Kennedy Space Center.- 5.1.1 The Data Acquisition System.- 5.1.2 The Application Processing System.- 5.2 The Communication Processor at Jet Propulsion Laboratory.

Paging system with energy efficient station location

Abstract: A method for searching for a station carrying paging data without unduly draining the paging receiver battery. If a station to which the receiver is presently tuned becomes unreliable, the pager scans among channels listed in a local channel list. If no paging data is received on these channels, the scanning among the local list channels may optionally proceed for a further interval at a slower rate. After it appears that paging data will not be found on channels listed in the local list, the pager begins a full spectrum search at a slow rate until it again finds a channel carrying paging data. By this arrangement, battery power is expended at a rate roughly in accordance with the likelihood of finding a paging station.

Wireless facsimile computer slate

Abstract: A radio paging network transmits non-paging data, such as facsimile images, to lap top computer receivers by formatting the data into a series of packets and interleaving these packets, on a space available basis, into the paging signal.

Method for personal paging a telephone private branch exchange with the assistance of a personal paging device that offers mutually different operating modes for personal paging

Abstract: A personal paging equipment is connected to a telephone private branch exchange having a central controller and a central memory, wireless call (ringing) device belonging to the personal paging equipment in addition to the paging transmitters, these call or ringing devices dependent on the selected operating mode of the personal paging equipment, providing the subscribers to be called either with only a ringing signal or, in addition to the ringing signal, the telephone number of the calling subscriber as well, for example, via an integrated display. When the page request derives from an exchange, the telephone number of the calling subscriber is replaced by an identifier information by the controller and is forwarded to the personal paging equipment. After selecting the identifier information at an arbitrary telephone set, the connection is through-connected between the waiting, calling subscriber and the answering subscriber.

Paging accessory for portable computing devices

Abstract: A paging accessory (10) for portable computing devices (12) such as calculators, electronic notebooks, calendars or the like. The paging accessory (10) includes a board (14) on which are mounted a receiver (32) for receiving page signals and a microprocessor (34) for identifying and decoding a page signal intended for the accessory (10). The board (14) includes connectors (16) for inserting the accessory (10) into a port (15) of a portable computing device (12). Alternatively, receiver (32) may be incorporated directly into a device (12). The device (12) is programmed to compare information in its memory. For example, it can compare a received phone number against a list of phone numbers to identify the person to be called in response to the page.

Paging and time keeping system with transmission of time slot identification used for synchronization

Abstract: A wide area paging system is disclosed in which paging messages input to the system in one local area can be broadcast to a receiver in any other local area without necessarily broadcasting the message in all areas A local area clearinghouse in each area stores resident subscriber data including current location and receiver serial number This data is used to transfer messages over a data network to the correct clearinghouse The system uses a TDM data protocol The data is encoded and transmitted at a very high rate (eg, 19,000 baud) in short packets (256 bits/13 milliseconds) via stereo FM sidebands Receivers are assigned to receive sequentially numbered time slots matching a portion of their address The addresses of intended receivers are included in the data packets Battery-powered receivers are deactivated between packets and reactivated in accordance with the sequential time slot number scheme to receive an incoming packet Messages longer than a packet are segmented and transmitted in two or more packets, linked together by data contained in the packets A watch pager used in the system employs a wristband antenna which electromagnetically couples to the user's body The watch pager displays time, telephone numbers and icons representing common types of paging messages

Radio paging system with local local loop

Abstract: A local telephone/radio paging system includes a local paging system, a telephone, and a memory for indicating which telephone numbers are within the local area. When a telephone number is dialed, if the person dialed does not answer, the telephone switching equipment checks the memory to determine whether the dialed number is within the local paging area. If so, a local paging transmitter is activated, paging the person assigned to the unanswered phone. Such a paging transmitter may be included in each phone, or a single central local transmitter may be employed. The paging receivers desirably include alphanumeric displays and indicate the number of the telephone that originated the unanswered call, so that the person carrying the paging receiver may call back immediately.

Method and apparatus for determining and using program paging characteristics to optimize system productive cpu time

Abstract: Paging data is used to manage address space working set size, system multiprogramming level, and job mix, to improve system productive CPU utilization. System paging characteristics are monitored to determine when to perform management functions. When needed, address space paging data is collected for monitored address spaces, and target working set sizes set for managed address spaces. If necessary, address spaces are "forced" to exhibit characteristic paging patterns. Reallocation of working set pages among active address spaces, and swap in-swap out actions, are assessed, and impacts on productive CPU utilization is estimated.

Cluster paging for traveling subscribers

Abstract: A general paging problem formulation for mobile subscribers in cellular systems bearing in mind the number of paging signals and elapsed time is presented. Different search strategies are examined in an exponential traveling model. Expressions for mean number of paging signals and searching cost are obtained. Some emphasis is given to hexagonal cell clustering. It is shown that due to mobile traveling patterns, good performance, both in terms of cost and covering area, can be achieved with a small number of paging stages. It is also observed that for cell clustering, a travel model of the form P/sub i/=k alpha /sup i/ is in good agreement with empirical results, and can be used to assess mobile subscriber paging costs. >

Paging system employing designated batch information service data message transmission

Abstract: A paging system which provides both individual and information services includes a transmitter (2) for transmitting page call address and data periodically in batches, and a population of battery saver paging receivers (4) for receiving the transmitted call information. Each transmission batch comprises a synchronization code followed by a predetermined plurality of sequential frames. Each subscribing receiver (4) searches for its individual service address in a first designated frame of each batch of a transmission period, and in addition, searches for its information service address in a second designated frame of a designated batch of a transmission period. Individual and information service data massages are obtained from frames subsequent the frame at which their respective address is found.

Method and apparatus for automatically transmitting a paging message in an alternate paging system

Abstract: When a first paging network system terminal determines that a pager is not within the coverage area of that network system, a paging message is automatically transmitted from another paging network system terminal. The pager wearer can advise the first paging network system terminal of his travel to another paging network system coverage area or the first paging network system terminal forwards the paging message to a predesignated alternate paging network system terminal.

Selective call controller

Abstract: A selective call controller, such as a paging terminal, and a method therefor is provided for receiving calls comprising first and second types of signal, such as numeric/alphanumeric or modem/DTMF. A determination is made of the type of signal being received, and a destination address and message signal is selected accordingly.

Swapping apparatus with reduced secondary storage based on frequency of use of page regions

Abstract: A swapping apparatus for use in a computer system for swapping data between a main storage and a secondary storage. The swapping apparatus operates with a reduced secondary storage capacity yet improves the overall performance of the computer system. The swapping apparatus is characterized in that whenever a process does not require the main storage, a control unit is notified of the non-requirement of the main storage in order to lower the priority of that process, collectively releasing a page-fixed region if the main storage space is insufficient. Also, an updating unit is notified so as to perform paging at a reduced use frequency of the page region. Whenever the main storage is again required, the control unit is notified of the requirement, thereby fixing the page-released region in order to raise the priority of use of the main storage by that particular process. The updating unit is then notified to perform paging at an increased use frequency.

Paging system employing designated frame commencing information service data message transmission

Abstract: A paging system which provides both individual and information services includes a transmitter (2) which transmits page call address and data periodically in batches to subscribing paging receivers (4). Each batch comprising a synchronization code followed by a predetermined plurality of sequential frames. Each paging receiver (4) searches for both its individual service address and a first information service address in its corresponding assigned frame of each batch of a transmission period, and in response to reception of the first information service address, searches for a second information service address in a designated common frame of each batch of a transmission period. Individual and information service data messages are obtained from frames immediately subsequent the frame in which the respective individual and second information service addresses are found.

Paging signal control system with reduced power consumption in a mobile communication system

Abstract: Mobile stations are classified into a first grouped station which is portable, and a second ungrouped station which is carried by a vehicle. A grouped station receives a part of the time slots of a paging channel relating to the group which the station belongs, and an ungrouped station receives all the time slots of a paging channel. A base station having a plurality of buffer cells (1-n) relating to each group, stores the queue of the paging signals in each buffer cell, and broadcasts the content of each buffer cell in the related time slot of the paging channel. A paging signal for a grouped station is stored in the related buffer cell, and a paging signal for an ungrouped station is stored in the buffer cell which has the shortest queue. Thus, a grouped station saves battery power because of intermittently receiving a paging signal, while keeping a short waiting time for an ungrouped station, and small call loss ratio.

Call setup strategy tradeoffs for universal digital portable communications

Abstract: This paper proposes and analyzes a criterion for database update frequency in universal portable digital communication (UPDC), based on the rate of diffusion of mobile subscribers. More frequent updates reduce the search area, which reduces expected paging time and paging traffic at the expense of database size.

Paging channel selection system in mobile communication system

Abstract: When a mobile station (4) staying in a first paging zone (1) begins communication with a network through a base station by using a paging channel (P1) which is specific to the paging zone (1) and one of speech channels (S11-S20), and finishes the communication in a paging zone (2) after moving from the zone (1) to the zone (2), the paging channel in the waiting state after the speech in the zone (2) is not (P1), but (P2) which is specific to the zone (2). In order to assure that paging channel (P2), a base station in the zone (2) informs the mobile station (4) the paging channel (P2) which should be used in the waiting state in the disconnect signal. Thus, no switching of a paging channel in waiting state because of low receive level of the paging channel signal is necessary, and a quick service after previous speech is possible.