Showing papers on "Penicillium griseofulvum published in 2013"

Cinética de degradação de querosene de aviação por Penicillium sp. através da bioestimulação

Abstract: The biostimulation consists of an effective alternative for the enhancement of bioremediation of xenobiotics by microorganisms. The aim of this study was select and test the biostimulation effect in jet fuel degradation for Penicillium spp.. Initially, the potential to degrade jet fuel was evaluated by oxidation of 2,6 dichlorophenol -indophenol indicator. The biostimulation was performed with 2% of jet fuel in Bushnell Haas culture medium (BH1) and other two modified composition at carbon: nitrogen 23:1 (BH2) and 47:1 (BH3). During 30 day were analyzed pH, biomass and jet fuel residual products by chromatography. Penicillium griseofulvum UFPEDA880 promoted change of indicator after 14 hours and was selected for kinetic biostimulation assay. Biomass production was between 0.04 g/L to 3.6 g/L and BH3 medium favored degradation of nonane, decane, undecane, dodecane, tridecane, tetradecane and pentadecane present in jet fuel. Pencillium griseofulvum is efficient for aliphatic jet fuel degradation when at BH3 medium, being suitable for application in degradation of these compounds.

Molecular and morphological identification of fungal species isolated from rice meju

Abstract: The microflora of natural fermented Korean rice meju are assumed to be diverse, but has not yet been investigated. The fungi was isolated and identified from rice meju on the bases of morphology, culture characteristics, and molecular approaches of internal transcribed spacer and β-tubulin gene sequencing, and their enzyme activities were determined. Six species of fungi were primarily isolated from rice meju, specifically Aspergillus candidus, Aspergillus tritici, Cladosporium oxysporum, Penicillium commune, Penicillium griseofulvum, and Rhizomucor variabilis var. regularior. All isolates produced protease (5.17–15.78), and all strains except Mucor circinelloides PR06 expressed amylase activities (0.04–0.23). In comparison, lipase was produced by zygomycetous fungi isolates (1.70–0.25) and Aspergillus oryzae PR07 (0.68). The enzyme producing fungal strains might be involved in the rice meju fermentation. The identification of fungal diversity in meju is useful for understanding the fermentation processes and these strains might be used in the fermentation of foods.

Mycotoxin-producing Penicillium species Involved in Apple Blue Mold

Abstract: Mycotoxin production and pathogenicity of Penicillium spp. involved in apple blue mold were investigated. Twenty four isolates representing nine species recovered from blue moldy apple samples were used. Mycotoxin production of these isolates was assayed using HPLC. Statistical analysis of pathogenicity test was undertaken and LSD was used to compare means. Mycotoxin assay revealed that all isolates were capable of producing patulin in their culture media with the highest production (19.70 ppm) from Penicillium griseofulvum isolate No. 14. In respect of other mycotoxins, Penicillium puberulum isolate No. 17 was the highest producer of citrinin (21.63 ppm), while Penicillium verrucosum isolate No. 22 was the highest producer of penicillic acid (8 ppm). Pathogenicity test revealed that all Penicillium isolates were pathogenic, exhibiting variable disease severity toward infested apple fruits. This study showed that all tested Penicillium isolates were virulent for apple fruits and in vitro toxigenic, capable of producing patulin, the characteristic mycotoxin of Penicillium species.

The antagonism of Penicillium griseofulvum CF3 against soil-borne fungal pathogens of potato and its growthpromoting effect on the plant

Abstract: This study examined the antagonism of Penicillium griseofulvum CF3 against four soil-borne fungal pathogens of potato,i.e.,Rhizoctonia solani,Fusarium solani,F.sulphureum,and Verticillium dahliae,and its growth-promoting and resistance-inducing effects on the plants.The mycelial growth rate of fungal pathogens and the growth of melon seed radicle and plumular axis were measured after treatment with sterile CF3 culture filtrate.The growth rate and stress resistance of potato plants associated with soil inoculation or seed coating with CF3 spore powder were tested via pot experiments.The results showed that the inhibition rate of sterile CF3 culture filtrate against mycelial growth of the four fungal pathogens and microsclerotia formation of R.solani were 53%-72.1% and 36.8%-100%,respectively.Pretreatment of melon seeds by soaking in CF3 culture filtrate significantly promoted the growth of radicle and plumular axis.Application of CF3 spore powder via soil inoculation or seed coating substantially promoted potato plant growth and enhanced the plant stress resistance.In particular,the fresh weight of aboveground parts and the polyphenol oxidase activity of potato plant associated with soil inoculation of CF3 spore powder were 38.3% and 9% higher than those in the control,respectively,whereas the corresponding malondialdehyde content was 28.8% lower than that in the control soil.In conclusion,P.griseofulvum CF3 has great potential for biocontrol of common soil-borne fungal diseases of potato and growth promotion of the plants.

Novel phenylpyropene d, preparation method thereof and pharmaceutical composition comprising the same

Abstract: PURPOSE: Phenylpyropene D and a pharmaceutical composition containing the same are provided to effectively suppress the activity of acyl coA:acyl cholesterol transferase, thereby preventing or treating cardiovascular diseases or Alzheimer's disease. CONSTITUTION: Phenylpyropene D of chemical formula 1 is provided. A method for preparing phenylpyropene D or pyripyropene comprises the steps of: culturing Penicillium griseofulvum; and isolating and purifying phenylpyropene D of chemical formula 1 or pyripyropene A of chemical formula 2 from the cultured liquid. A compound (C_30H_36O_9) is isolated from C_30H_36O_9 (deposit number : KCTC 11759BP). A pharmaceutical composition for preventing or treating cardiovascular diseases or Alzheimer's disease contains phenylpyropene D of chemical formula 1 and/or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof.

Breeding Erythorbic Acid Yield Strains by Protoplast Mutagenesis

Abstract: The results of experiment showed that the optimum condition for preparation of protoplast to Penicillium griseofulvum HL as the starting strain was incubation time of mycelium of 48h,osmotic stabilizer of 0.7 mol/L sodium chloride,enzyme combination of 0.5% snailase +0.5% cellulase,hydrolysis temperature of 30℃ and enzymolysis time of 3h with pH value of 6.0.Under this condition the yield of protoplast could reach 3.14×107/ml.The optmium condition for regeneration of protoplast of Penicillium griseofulvum HL was improved examine's medium as the regeneration medium with osmotic stabilizer of 0.7 mol/L sucrose and regeneration method of double-layer solid culture.Under this condition the regeneration rate of the protoplast was 24.93%.The protoplasts of Penicillium griseofulvum HL were induced by ultraviolet ray,diethyl sulfate,ultraviolet ray and diethyl sulfate,ultraviolet ray and LiCl,a high-yield strain of erythorbic acid ZD4 was obtained by first screening of flat plate and second screening of shake flask.The yield of erythorbic acid was increased from the initial 1.23mg/ml to 5.28mg/ml.And it can descend stably after six generation.

Fungicidal compounds from a marine Ascidian-associated fungus Trichoderma harzianum

Abstract: A marine Ascidian-associated fungus, Trichoderma harzianum, (NIO/BCC200051) was assessed for its in vitro antagonistic activity against ten fungal phytopathogens and three food-infesting fungi. Fractionation of the cell-free culture filtrate of T. harzianum (NIO/BCC2000-51) showed its ethyl acetate (EA) fraction to be significantly active against fungal phytopathogens; Macrophomina sp, Pyricularia oryzae, Sclerotium rolfsii, Penicillium piceum, Trichoderma koningii, T. longibrachiatum and a foodinfesting fungal pathogen Penicillium griseofulvum. Bioassay guided chemical investigation of the ethyl acetate fraction yielded five compounds (1-5); two α-pyrone derivatives, a phenol, a sesquiterpene and an unsaturated hydroxy fatty acid as methyl ester. Of the five isolated secondary metabolites, compounds 2 and 5 are being reported here for the first time from T. harzianum. Compounds 1 and 4 inhibited the growth of Sclerotium rolfsii causing sclerotium wilt or rot disease in tropical plants. Compound 2 and 5 were significantly effective in inhibiting the growth of Macrophomina sp. causing charcoal rot in cereals. Compound 3 showed moderate activity against plant pathogen Penicillium piceum and food pathogen P. griseofulvum. T. harzianum of the present investigation did not show antagonism towards all the three Aspergillus sp. tested besides being ineffective against T. atroviride of Anacardium occidentale and tomato fungus Chalara sp. Though compounds 1, 3 and 4 are known metabolites of T. harzianum, to the best of our knowledge this is the first report of their antagonistic activity against the pathogens tested.