Showing papers on "Penicillium griseofulvum published in 2015"

Antifungal activity of essential oils against selected terverticillate penicillia.

Abstract: The aim of this study was to screen 15 essential oils of selected plant species, viz. Lavandula angustifolia, Carum carvi, Pinus mungo var. pulmilio, Mentha piperita, Chamomilla recutita L., Pinus sylvestris, Satureia hortensis L., Origanum vulgare L., Pimpinella anisum, Rosmarinus officinalis L., Salvia officinalis L., Abietis albia etheroleum, Chamomilla recutita L. Rausch, Thymus vulgaris L., Origanum vulgare L. for antifungal activity against five Penicillium species: Penicillium brevicompactum, Penicillium citrinum, Penicillium crustosum, Penicillium expansum and Penicillium griseofulvum. The method used for screening included the disc diffusion method. The study points out the wide spectrum of antifungal activity of essential oils against Penicillium fungi. There were five essential oils of the 15 mentioned above which showed a hopeful antifungal activity: Pimpinella anisum, Chamomilla recutita L., Thymus vulgaris, Origanum vulgare L. The most hopeful antifungal activity and killing effect against all tested penicillia was found to be Origanum vulgare L. and Pimpinella anisum. The lowest level of antifungal activity was demonstrated by the oils Pinus mungo var. pulmilio, Salvia officinalis L., Abietis albia etheroleum, Chamomilla recutita L. Rausch, Rosmarinus officinalis .

Feather waste degradation by keratinophilic fungi:An alternative source for protein and aminoacids

Abstract: Two hundred thirty four fungi obtained from various habitat of Kanpur are used for estimation of protein release and amino acids in submerged state fermentation. Considerable amount of protein is released by Chrysosporium tropicum, Penicillium griseofulvum and Aphanoascus terreus, 432.66 μg/ml, 359.33 μg/ml and 339.66 μg/ml respectively. Maximum amount of lysine and cysteine was released by Acremonium strictum 18.00 μg/ml and 32.00 μg/ml. Pea plant supplemented with degraded feather showed better growth. Application of feather waste as slow nitrogen fertilizer may improve disposal as well as environmental clean-up.

Optimization of Culture Conditions and Inducers for Improved Protease Production by Penicillium griseofulvum LCJ231 under Submerged Fermentation

Abstract: The production of protease by Penicillium griseofulvum LCJ231 under submerged fermentation was studied with an objective to improve the production through medium optimization. Important nutritional and physical parameters were optimized for maximizing the protease production. The most suitable carbon source, nit rogen source and inducer for maximizing the protease prod uction were studied. It was found that starch, yeas t extract and casein were the suitable carbon source, nitroge n source and inducer respectively. The present stud y also explored the utilization of several agro-wastes as low-cost natural inducers for protease production. The addition of black gram husk as an inducer successfu lly enhanced the protease production (145.12 U/mL). Maximum production of the protease enzyme was found in the culture medium with initial medium pH of 8 and 2 g/L of inoculum. The results obtained in the pres ent study demonstrate the potential use of the chea p and abundantly available black gram husk for the induct ion of proteases and thus offer a new approach for industrial enzyme production.

Isolation and Characterization of Hydrocarbon Biodegrading Fungi from oil contaminated soils in Thika, Kenya

Abstract: Spillage and extensive exploration of petroleum products results in pollution of the environment. Bioremediation of the oil contaminated sites could be achieved by fungal biodegradation; however, the specific fungi involved have not been determined in Kenya. In this study fungal isolates from Thika in central Kenya were screened for biodegradation of engine oil. There sample size was four garages that were more than 10 years. Soil was homogenously mixed for each of the twenty seven soil samples. The initial isolation from the oil contaminated soil was done using potato dextrose agar at a temperature of 30°C for seven days. The biodegradation incubation was done using Bacto Bushnell – Haas broth at 30°C for twenty one days. Colonies were observed using a light microscope at a magnification of x1000 and characterized morphologically. The 18S rRNA genome was amplified, sequenced and the sequences used for phylogenetic analysis. The size of the amplicon targeted was 700bp in approximation. The isolates were grown at varied temperatures and pH, and screened for enzymatic activities. Analysis for the biodegraded oil was done by gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GCHRGC 400B - MSQ12 Konic-Spain). Eight fungal isolates were recovered from polluted soils namely, Trichoderma viride, Trichoderma spirale, Neosartorya pseudofischeri, Neosartorya aureola, Aspergillus flavus, Aspergillus terreus, Penicillium griseofulvum and Trichoderma longibrachiatum. Comparison of the 18S rRNA gene sequences to known fungal sequences in the Genbank database using BLAST analysis indicated similarity of more than 97%. The percentage similarity for isolates that biodegraded oil namely, Penicillium griseofulvum and Aspergillus flavus was 99% and 100%. The eight fungi were characterized morphologically and were different from each other through different parameters like colour, elevation and margin among others. Out of eight fungal isolates recovered from contaminating soil, only Aspergillus flavus and Penicillium griseofulvum biodegraded seven and seventeen oil compounds respectively. However, some compounds could not be fully biodegraded byAspergillus flavus namely, decane, undecane and tridecane from a concentration of 5.48 to 0.23, 18.14 to 0.13 and 14.22 to 0.11 mg/l respectively. Penicillium griseofulvum could not fully biodegrade 1- Ethylidene-1–Indene from a concentration of 0.29 to 0.17mg/l. The optimum growth temperature range for the eight fungi was 30oC and 40oC. There was no growth at 50oC for all isolates except some slight growth by Aspergillus flavus. Optimum growth at pH 7 and pH 9 and poor growth at pH 5 was noted. The eight fungi produced amylase, protease, lipase/esterase and cellulase enzymes. This study will contribute to the database on locally available fungal diversity and their ecology. This will also increase knowledge of the fungi involved in biodegradation of oil in Kenya. Moreover Kenya’s Turkana has recently discovered oil and so this could be of great help in dealing with events of oil spill so as to conserve our precious environment.

Tephrosia purpurea endophytic fungus TPL25 and application thereof in plant disease prevention and treatment

Abstract: The invention discloses tephrosia purpurea endophytic fungus penicillium griseofulvum TPL25 and application of a fermentation product of the tephrosia purpurea endophytic fungus penicillium griseofulvum TPL25 in plant disease prevention fungal pathogens. The tephrosia purpurea endophytic fungus penicillium griseofulvum TPL25 is preserved in China Center for Type Culture Collection, and the preservation number is CCTCC NO: M2014607. Fungus fermentation liquor, fermentation liquor extractives and mycelium extractives have the strong mycelium grow inhibition function on sclerotinia rot of colza, tobacco blackleg and other phytopathogen, excellent strains are provided for development of microbial pesticide, and in addition, the tephrosia purpurea endophytic fungus is studied for the first time.