Showing papers on "Phaseoleae published in 1989"
TL;DR: This work reports on the 2n chromosome situation of the remaining 15 genera in the subtribe Glycininae and two genera (Galactia, Ophrestia) once thought to be allied with Glycine, and certain species in Dumasia, Galactia andOphrestIA were found to carry 2n=20 chromosomes.
Abstract: There are about 16 genera in the subtribe Glycininae, tribe Phaseoleae, family Leguminosae. The overwhelming reason for the economic importance of the subtribe Glycininae is due to the cultivated soybean,Glycine max (L.) Merrill. The soybean, its wild annual counterpart and most of wild perennial members of the genusGlycine carry 2n=40 chromosomes. It is reasonable to assume that the base number of the genus is x=10. HoweverGlycine plants carrying 2n=20 have not been reported. Herein we report on the 2n chromosome situation of the remaining 15 genera in the subtribe Glycininae and two genera (Galactia, Ophrestia) once thought to be allied withGlycine. Certain species inDumasia, Galactia andOphrestia were found to carry 2n=20 chromosomes. All the other genera carry 2n=22, 28 or 44 chromosomes. The 2n chromosome number ofTeyleria (44) andPseudeminia (22) is being reported for the first time. No cytological information is available forDiphyllarium, Masteria andSinodolichos.
24 citations
TL;DR: The duplication of GPI subunits appears to be an ancient event, a finding incompatible with the initial hypothesis, and gene silencing is postulated to account for the absence of the duplicated phenotype in many tribes, including such advanced groups as Vicieae, Trifolieae and Cicereae.
Abstract: In the common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, two loci encode cytosolic glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI) subunits, whereas in the garden pea, Pisum sativum, only one locus is expressed. As a working model, we proposed that this change in isozyme number was produced by a gene-duplication event in the lineage leading to Phaseolus after divergence from that leading to Pisum. This model was tested by analyzing the GPI phenotypes in 119 legume genera, representing all three subfamilies and 23 of the 30 tribes of the Papilionoideae. The duplication was detected in 13 of the 20 papilionoid tribes surveyed, including several members of the putatively primitive tribe Sophoreae. Thus, the duplication appears to be an ancient event, a finding incompatible with the initial hypothesis. Instead, gene silencing is postulated to account for the absence of the duplicated phenotype in many tribes, including such advanced groups as Vicieae, Trifolieae, and Cicereae. Furthermore, silencing has occurred numerous times at lower taxonomic levels, including the subtribe Phaseolinae (Phaseoleae), a monophyletic group in which ten genera were found to have duplicated phenotypes and only one (Strophostyles) appeared to have an unduplicated phenotype. Analysis of GPI phenotypes also revealed numerous cases of partial silencing of duplicate loci as well as nearly equal expression of both loci in many, taxonomically widely scattered species. If our revised hypothesis is correct, this latter result implies that most of the subtribes had formed before significant divergence between the GPI isozymes occurred and, thus, that the radiation of the Papilionoideae was rapid relative to the rate of gene silencing.
21 citations
TL;DR: The results indicate that two species are discernible from the Psophocarpus palustris Desv.
Abstract: The phenetic relationship between Psophocarpus palustris Desv. and P. scandens (Endl.) Verdc. was investigated. Morphological data were gathered from 54 herbarium specimens belonging to the complex. Each specimen was scored for 36 vegetative, 34 inflorescence and 5 legume characters. The subsequent data matrix was analysed using a cluster analysis method and two ordination methods. The results indicate that two species are discernible from the complex, though rare intermediate forms can be found. A key and a list of characters and character states is provided to facilitate future recognition of the species.
6 citations
TL;DR: Glyceollins are isoflavonoid (6a-hydroxypterocarpan) phytoalexins produced by Glycine spp.
3 citations
01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: The duplication of GPI subunits appears to be an ancient event, a finding incompatible with the initial hypothesis, and gene silencing is postulated to account for the absence of the duplicated phenotype in many tribes, including such advanced groups as Vicieae, Trifolieae and Cicereae.
Abstract: In the common bean, Phaseolus vulgaris, two loci encode cytosolic glucosephosphate isomerase (GPI) subunits, whereas in the garden pea, Pisum sativum, only one locus is expressed. As a working model, we proposed that this change in isozyme number was produced by a gene- duplication event in the lineage leading to Phaseolus after divergence from that leading to Pisum. This model was tested by analyzing the GPI phenotypes in 119 legume genera, representing all three subfamilies and 23 of the 30 tribes of the Papilionoideae. The duplication was detected in 13 of the 20 papilionoid tribes surveyed, including several members of the putatively primitive tribe Sophoreae. Thus, the duplication appears to be an ancient event, a finding incompatible with the initial hypothesis. Instead, gene silencing is postulated to account for the absence of the duplicated phenotype in many tribes, including such advanced groups as Vicieae, Trifolieae, and Cicereae. Furthermore, silencing has occurred numerous times at lower taxonomic levels, including the subtribe Phaseolinae (Phaseoleae), a monophyletic group in which ten genera were found to have duplicated phenotypes and only one (Strophostyles) appeared to have an unduplicated phe- notype. Analysis of GPI phenotypes also revealed numerous cases of partial silencing of duplicate loci as well as nearly equal expression of both loci in many, taxonomically widely scattered species. If our revised hypothesis is correct, this latter result implies that most of the subtribes had formed before significant divergence between the GPI isozymes occurred and, thus, that the radiation of the Papilionoideae was rapid relative to the rate of gene silencing.
01 Jan 1989
TL;DR: The 2n chromosome situation of the remaining 15 genera in the subtribe Glycininae and two genera (Galactia, Ophrestia) once thought to be allied with Glycine max (L.)Merrill are reported on.
Abstract: Summary There are about 16 genera in the subtribe Glycininae, tribe Phaseoleae, family Leguminosae . The overwhelming reason for the economic importance of the subtribe Glycininae is due to the cultivated soybean, Glycine max (L.)Merrill. The soybean, its wild annual counterpart and most of wild perennial members of the genusGlycinecarry 2n = 40 chromosomes . It is reasonable to assume that the base number of the genus is x = 10. However Glycineplants carrying 2n = 20 have not been reported . Herein we report on the 2n chromosome situation of the remaining 15 genera in the subtribe Glycininae and two genera (Galactia, Ophrestia)once thought to be allied with