Showing papers on "Polyurethane published in 1979"

Stable dispersions of polymers in polyfunctional compounds having a plurality of active hydrogens and polyurethanes produced therefrom

Abstract: A stable copolymer dispersion is prepared by addition copolymerization of (1) a monomeric adduct of an active hydrogen compound, e.g., a polyether polyol, and an acrylyl compound such as methacryloyl chloride with (2) ethylenically unsaturated monomer(s), e.g., styrene or a mixture thereof with acrylonitrile, while (1) and (2) are dispersed or dissolved in an excess of an active hydrogen polyfunctional compound such as a polyether polyol. The molar ratio of acrylyl moiety to active hydrogen compound is less than 0.1:1. The resulting dispersion has a controlled particle size and a viscosity such that it is suitably employed in the production of polyurethane foams.

Polyurethane foam sealing material and process for producing the same

Abstract: A flexible or semi-rigid open-cell, polyurethane foam sealing material prepared from a polyisocyanate and a polyol component, a major portion of said polyol component consisting of a polyol derived from a dimer acid or castor oil, castor oil, or a mixture thereof in the presence of a blowing agent, a foam stabilizer, a catalyst, and, optionally, a lipophilic filler.

Process for the production of thermoplastic polymer by introducing thermoplastic polymer into an extruder and adding organic polyisocyanate and chain lengthening agent

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the modification of a thermoplastic polymer comprising: I. introducing 70 to 98 parts by weight of thermoplastic polymer into an extruder at a first inlet; II. adding to said thermoplastic polymer through a second inlet 2 to 30 parts by weight of the following polyurethane forming components, such that the total parts by weight of the thermoplastic polymer and polyurethane components is 100: (A) organic polyisocyanate; and (B) chain lengthening agent with a molecular weight below 400 containing at least one hydroxyl group and/or amino group; wherein the ratio of isocyanate groups of component (A) to Zerewitinoff active groups of component (B) is in the range of from 0.90:1 to 1.2:1; and III. discharging from the extruder the product of the process.

Process for the production of polyurethane plastics

Abstract: This invention relates to a process for the production of optionally cellular polyurethane plastics using a reactive filler obtained by finely grinding a distillation residue of the type accumulating in the commercial production of tolylene diisocyanate. It is possible in this way to recycle the previously unuseable slag-like residues and at the same time to improve the mechanical properties of the polyurethane plastics filled with them.

Flame resistant foam

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a process for the production of flame resistant foams by the impregnation of polyurethane foams with a dispersion consisting substantially of an aluminum hydroxide, a polyurethane latex, an alumino-silicate and surface active substances which results in foams having very desirable mechanical properties as well as excellent flame resistant properties.

Process for manufacture of flexible polyurethane foams with cyanic acid derivatives

Abstract: The invention concerns a process for the manufacture of flame resistant flexible polyurethane foams by reacting a mixture of diphenylmethane diisocyanates and polyphenylene polymethylene polyisocyanates having a functionality greater than 2 containing 40 to 90 percent by weight diphenylmethane diisocyanate based on the total weight of said mixture; polyols, cyanic acid derivatives such as cyanamide, dicyandiamide, guanidine, biguanidine, melamine, cyanuric alkyl esterhydrazides and -amides as flame inhibitors, and blowing agents; as well as, possibly, chain extenders and other additives The flexible polyurethane foams are suited for the familiar areas of applications, but especially as sound-insulation material for the construction industry

Process for preparing polyisocyanates with isocyanate groups and their use as isocyanate components in polyurethane varnishes

Abstract: Die Erfindung betrifft ein neues Verfahren zur Herstellung von Isocyanuratgruppen aufweisenden Polyisocyanaten auf Basis von Hexamethylendiisocyanat durch Trimerisierung eines Teils der Isocyanatgruppen von Hexamethylendiisocyanat in Gegenwart von quaternaren Ammoniumhydroxiden als Katalysator und anschliesende Abtrennung von uberschussigem, nicht umgesetztem Diisocyanat, wobei man als quaternare Ammoniumhydroxide an Stickstoff Hydroxyalkyl-substituierte Ammoniumhydroxide verwendet, sowie die Verwendung der Verfahrensprodukte, gegebenenfalls in mit Blockierungsmitteln fur Isocyanatgruppen blockierter Form als Isocyanatkomponente in Polyurethanlacken. The invention relates to a novel process for the production of isocyanurate polyisocyanates based on hexamethylene diisocyanate by partial trimerization of the isocyanate groups of hexamethylene diisocyanate in the presence of quaternary ammonium hydroxides as the catalyst and subsequent removal of excess, unreacted diisocyanate by using as quaternary ammonium hydroxides of nitrogen hydroxyalkyl substituted ammonium hydroxides used as well as the use of the products, optionally in with blocking agents for isocyanate groups blocked form as isocyanate component in polyurethane lacquers.

Polyurethane foam product and process of manufacture thereof from thermosetting frothed mixture

Abstract: A process is presented for forming flexible foam, polyurethane foam material having an integral skin, and polyurethane foam laminates, from a thermosetting frothed mixture, particularly a mechanically frothed mixture. Also presented is a flexible polyurethane foam material having an integral skin, and polyurethane foam laminates.

Magnetic recording medium

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve both resistance to wear and electromagnetic conversion characteristics by specific polyurethane as a binder for ferromagnetic powder. CONSTITUTION:A multifunction hydroxy compound of 500-3000 in molecular weight such as polyester polyol, short chain diol of less than 500 in molecular weight such as 1,4-butanediol, a 2 or 3-functional isocyanate compound such as 4,4- diphenylmethane diisocyanate, and diol expressed by formula I or II (R1 is alkylene of C2-6; R2 is alkyl of C1-5, H; R3 is organic remaining radical; M is alkaline metals; [m] is between 1-3) are heated to react under the reflux of appropriate solvent. In this way, polyurethane whose SO3M radical content is an equivalent of 0.005-2.0m per polymer is used as a binder to obtain magnetic paint with dispersed ferromagnetic powder, and a non-magnetic supporting material is coated with it.

Reaction injection molded polyurethanes having particular flexural modulus factors and at least two thermal transition temperatures in a particular range

Abstract: Polyurethane reaction injection molded products are prepared which have flexural modulus factors (-20° F./158° F.) below 3.4 and often below 2. They are prepared by employing three different polyols or mixtures of polyols, each polyol having a specified reactivity relationship and are employed within specified solubility parameter relationships. These products also have at least two thermal transition temperatures.

Thermosetting molding compositions containing polyurethane and a fibrous material, and a process for the production of moldings

Abstract: This invention relates to storable, solvent-free, thermosetting polyurethane-based molding compositions containing a fibrous reinforcing material and to the production of fiber-reinforced moldings using these molding compositions.

Process for the production of thermoplastic synthetic materials

Abstract: The instant invention is directed to a continuous process for the production of thermoplastic materials, comprising: I. introducing 4 to 65 parts by weight of thermoplastic polymer into an extruder at a first inlet, wherein the temperature within said extruder is such that said thermoplastic polymer melts; II. adding to said thermoplastic polymer through a second inlet 35 to 96 parts by weight of the following polyurethane forming components, such that the total parts by weight of thermoplastic polymer and polyurethane components is 100: (A) organic polyisocyanate; and (B) chain lengthening agent with a molecular weight below 400 containing a hydroxyl group and/or amine group; wherein the ratio of isocyanate groups of component (A) to Zerewitinoff active groups of component (B) is in the range of from 0.90:1 to 1.2:1; and III. discharging from the extruder the product of the process when the reaction of said polyurethane components (A) and (B) is substantially complete.

Process for the manufacture of reinforced polyurethane foams

Abstract: The invention relates to a process for the manufacture of reinforced polyurethane foams based on the reaction of organic polyisocyanates and polyols in the presence of filler dispersions. These dispersions are prepared by in situ crushing of the filler in the polyisocyanate or polyol to a particle size of less than 7 microns.

Hydrophobic polyurethane foams, their manufacture and use

Abstract: Hydrophobic polyurethane foams which have densities of from 4 to 15 g/liter and in which the number of closed cells is from 2 to 30%, and the number of open cells from 98 to 70%, based on the total number of cells, are obtained from polyisocyanates, polyhydroxy compounds, catalysts and water, with or without lipophilic compounds, the components being reacted in such amounts that the ratio of hydrogen atoms capable of undergoing a Zerewitinoff reaction to NCO groups is from 1.3 to 10:1. The foams are suitable for the absorption of oil and/or by hydrophobic solvents, which may or may not contain halogen, from water.

Method of curing isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymers for use in solventless spray applications

Abstract: Solventless compositions for preparing sprayable polyurethanes and poly(urea)urethanes by spraying a mixture of: (a) An isocyanate-terminated prepolymer or quasi-prepolymer; and (b) A curing agent comprising a relatively highly reactive polyol or polyamine or combination thereof and at least about 20% by weight of a reactive "filler" comprising a polyol having an equivalent weight in the range from about 300 to about 2,000.

Multi-layer laminate comprising a modified styrene-butadiene block copolymer

Abstract: A multi-layer laminate comprising at least one A-B double layer structure, characterized in that said layer A is a layer comprising at least one material selected from the group consisting of olefin polymers, polyamide polymers, acrylate polymers, polyether polymers, polycarbonate polymers, polyurethane polymers, vinylidene chloride polymers, thermosetting resins, vulcanized rubbers, glass and papers and said layer B is a layer comprising mainly a modified block copolymer in which an unsaturated carboxylic acid or its derivative is grafted on a styrene-butadiene block copolymer. Said laminate is excellent in interlaminar adhesion, i.e. peeling strength.

Sizing composition to yield sized glass fibers with improved UV stability

Abstract: Sizing compositions, sized glass fiber strands are used to produce reinforced polymeric materials that have improved UV stability while maintaining good physical properties. The sizing composition, sized glass fiber strands and reinforced polymeric materials having sized glass fiber strands involve the use of materials in the sizing composition, such as polyurethane polymers, ureidofunctional silanes, aminofunctional silanes, lubricants and processing aids. One particular aspect of the present invention has materials associated with the sizing composition, sized glass fiber strands and reinforced polymers such as polyamides, polyethyleneterephthlate, polybutyleneterephthlate, polystyrenics, thermosetting esters, and chemically coupled polypropylene that are thermoplastic, aliphatic, polyurethane polymer dispersions, ureidofunctional silane, gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, a lubricant modified gamma-aminopropyltriethoxysilane, dibutyphthalate, polyalkylene polyol lubricant, and a polyester film former.

Coating compositions from polyurethanes containing a molecular sieve of the sodium aluminum silicate type

Abstract: A substantially solvent-free fast low temperature curing polyurethane coating composition is disclosed as well as a procedure for synthesizing it and a procedure for applying it to a flexible substrate. It has a long shelf-life yet cures in about 1 to 5 minutes at temperatures of between about 80° and 180° C. to give a flexible coating. The composition is a mixture of a polyisocyanate melting at more than about 100° C. and a hydroxyl bearing polyurethane prepolymer based upon branched polyethers, monomeric glycols, and polyamines made with a deficit of polyisocyanate. The composition includes an isocyanate addition catalyst and a sodium aluminum silicate type molecular sieve and may include a polyester polyol as an additive or a reactant in forming the prepolymer.

Novel urethanediols and polyurethanes therefrom

Abstract: Reaction of a large excess of 1,4-butanediol with methylenebis (4-phenyl isocyanate) gives a mixture of urethanediols which is a suitable curing agent for isocyanate-terminated polyurethane prepolymers, especially prepolymers made from methylenebis (4-phenyl isocyanate) and polyols. It is desirable to have a urethanediol mixture in which at least about 88 weight percent consists of the reaction product of 2 moles of 1,4-butanediol with 1 mole of the diisocyanate, about 10 weight percent of the reaction product of 3 moles of 1,4-butanediol with 2 moles of the diisocyanate, and no more than about 2 weight percent of 1,4-butanediol. The novel cured polyurethanes have higher hardness and better overall physical properties than methylenebis-(4-phenyl isocyanate)-based polyurethanes cured with conventional commercial diols providing "hard" cured products.

Simultaneous interpenetrating networks based on castor oil elastorners and polystyrene. IV. Stress-strain and impact loading behavior

Abstract: The stress-strain and impact loading behavior of simultaneous interpenetrating networks (SIN's) based on three elastomers derived from polymerized castor oil and polystyrene was studied. The elastomers included the sebacic acid polyester, the 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (TDI) polyurethane, and the mixed sebacic acid-TDI poly(ester-urethane). Both toughened plastic and reinforced elastomer compositions were prepared. Stress-strain measurements and Izod impact studies were carried out at room temperature. Both the plastic and the elastomeric SIN's proved tougher than their corrresponding homopolymer networks. Elongations to break of about 8 to 16 percent were found for the plastics, while the elastomers ranged from 55 to 125 percent. The castor oil polyester elastomer toughened plastic yielded the greatest improvement in impact resistance, having a value of 68 J/m.

Simultaneous interpetrating network based on castor oil elastomers and polystyrene. III. Morphology and glass transition behavior

Abstract: Electron microscopy and dynamic mechanical spectroscopy (DMS) techniques were used to study the morphology and glass transition behavior of simultaneous interpenetrating networks (SIN's), based on three different castor oil derived elastomers, and polystyrene (PS) plastic erosslinked with 1 percent divinyl benzene. The castor oil elastomers consisted of either the sebacic acid polyester, 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate polyurethane, or the mixed poly(ester-urethane). Emphasis was placed on two compositions having 10 and 40 percent elastomer contents by weight of each type, the remainder being PS. In all cases, a two-phase morphology emerged. With the 10 percent elastomer composition, the use of vigorous stirring during the early stages of reaction resulted in materials having the crosslinked polystyrene as the continuous phase and elastomer domains (ranging from 100 to 8000 nm in size) as the discontinuous phase. The elastomer domains contained a polystyrene cellular structure, with the polystyrene cell sizes ranging from 50 to 300 nm size. Several examples showed morphologies resembling high impact polystyrene. Materials having a 40 percent elastomer content always showed a continuous phase of castor oil elastomer, with the PS displaying a bimodal size cellular structure. Domain sizes ranged from 10 to 860 nm. The DMS studies showed two well-defined glass transitions near their respective homopolymer glass transitions, but shifted inwards to greater or lesser extents indicating some molecular mixing between the two polymers. The glass transition of the pure elastomer phase occurred at −66°C for the castor oil polyester elastomer, −4°C for the castor oil polyurethane elastomer and −50°C for the castor oil poly(ester-urethane) elastomer. Phase separation in these materials is postulated to occur by two mechanisms: (1) multiple precipitation of polystyrene chains at progressive levels of polymerization and (2) microsyneresis processes. The thermodynamics of mixing and phase separation in polymerizing SIN's is examined in some detail.

Fire retardant coating system utilizing polyurethane hydrogel

Abstract: A fire-retardant protective coating is produced by dissolving a water-soluble polyisocyanate prepolymer in either an aqueous slurry or solution of fire-retardant materials and/or intumescent materials. After mixing, the gel produced can be applied as a coating which is useful for protecting or holding together surfaces vulnerable to fire, heat, air or minor abrasion. After the water evaporates, the cross-linked polyurethane coating has a large solids content of the fire-retardant and/or intumescent materials uniformly dispersed throughout. Preferred prepolymers are liquid with a molecular weight greater than about 2,000 and are made of a random copolymer of ethylene oxide and other alkylene oxides with isocyanate capping.

Thermoset polyurethane prepared from a polypropylene ether triol obtained using a double metal cyanide complex catalyst, ethylene glycol and tolylene diisocyanate

Abstract: A thermoset, segmented and elastomeric polypropylene ether urethane is made by reacting together tolylene diisocyanate, ethylene glycol and a polypropylene ether triol having an average molecular weight of from 7,000 to 14,000, in certain ratios. The resulting polyurethane exhibits a temperature retraction TR-10 of less than about -35° C. and a Goodyear-Healy rebound of greater than about 55%.

Heat stable reaction injection molded elastomers

Abstract: The invention is a method for making reaction injection molded polyurethane of improved properties. The product comprises the cured reaction product of a high molecular weight polyhydric polyether, a low molecular weight active hydrogen containing compound of at least two functionality and a polyisocyanate. The reaction product is cured by subjecting it to an ambient temperature of from about 290°-425° F. for a time sufficient to achieve an improvement in properties. The invention is also the resulting polyurethane.

Flame Retardant Flexible Polyurethane Foam By Post-Treatment with Alumina Trihydrate/ Latex Binder Dispersion Systems

Abstract: The market for flexible polyurethane foam has been enjoying a healthy growth rate. Total production in 1977 reached 1.392 billion pounds (up from 1.010 billion pounds as recently as 1975) (1). Especially fast growth is being realized for high resiliency (HR) polyurethane foam for bedding and automotive seating applications (1, 2). One deterrent to an even faster growth rate for flexible polyurethane foam is the question of combustibility. In general, flexible foams are relatively difficult to flame retard for the following reasons (3): 1. Flexible foams are sensitive to loss of key physical properties with minor changes in composition ; 2. Their open cell structure provides easier air

Process for producing a rigid polyurethane foam having excellent flame retardance and low-smoke development

Abstract: A process for producing a rigid polyurethane foam having excellent flame retardance and low-smoke development is disclosed. When the rigid polyurethane foam is produced by reacting a polyhydroxyl compound with an organic polyisocyanate in the presence of a blowing agent, a surfactant, a catalyst and other additives, 3-methylpentane-1,3,5-triol is used as a part of the polyhydroxyl compound.

Use of monohydroxylated polybutadiene as a reactive plasticizer in polyurethanes

Abstract: The use is described of monohydroxy-terminated polybutadienes as reactive or internal plasticizers for polyurethanes. The polyurethanes are made in conventional manner by reacting at least one polyisocyanate with at least one polyol under polyurethane-forming conditions, which may include the presence of a catalyst. In accordance with the invention this reaction is carried out in the presence of a monohydroxy-terminated polybutadiene which may have a molecular weight of 500 to 100,000, preferably 900 to 20,000. As a monohydroxy-terminated polybutadiene is a constituent of the resulting polyurethane, the use of a polybutadiene diol as the polyol is excluded. Short chain polyols and conventional additives may be present and the resulting polyurethane may be in the form of a solid or a foam.

Preparation of polyurethane foam

Abstract: PURPOSE:To prepare a hydrophilic, hygroscopic polyurethan foam useful as a water retentive agent, etc. and having excellent flame retardancy, coloring characteristics and strength, by incorporating starch, etc. and a water-absorbing resin insoluble in water, prepared by polymerizing water-soluble monomers and a crosslinking agent, and foaming the composition. CONSTITUTION:(A) A water-absorbing resin insoluble in water prepared by polymerizing a mixture comprising (a) starch and/or cellulose, (b) a polymerizable monomer soluble in water or soluble in water when hydrolyzed (e.g. acrylic acid, etc.) and (c) a crosslinking agent (e.g. N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide, etc.), is mixed with (B) an organic polyisocyanate and (C) a polyol together with a blowing agent, a catalyst, etc., and foam-molded to give the desired foam. USE:Industrial dehydrating agents, oil-water separating agents, heavy metal-adsorbents, water-absorbing materials for building, water-retentive agents for agriculture and horticulture, water-absorbing materials for the human body, etc.

Polyurethane resins and polyurethane resin coating compositions

Abstract: Polyurethane resins and polyurethane coating compositions are provided which exhibit enhanced resistance to weather. The resins comprise the reaction product obtained from reacting a polyol with 1,6,11-undecanetriisocyanate. The resin composition herein disclosed is readily adapted for use in either a one component-heat curing system or in a two component-polyol hardening system. In the one component system, the isocyanate group of the isocyanate compound is blocked by a blocking agent so as to ensure stability of the coating at room temperature. After application, the coating resin is heated to effect reaction of a hydroxyl group from the polyol with an isocyanate group to cause hardening of the film. In the two component system, the polyol-pigment liquid, liquid "A", is mixed with the trifunctional isocyanurate compound (above noted) and solvent, liquid "B".

Thermosetting polyurethane compositions

Abstract: Improved thermoset or vulcanized polyurethane elastomers are obtained by adding to liquid polyurethane reactants, prior to reaction to form the polyurethane, organic peroxides having a half-life value of greater than one hour at 100° C. Such mixtures may be heated to form the polyurethane article and thereafter thermoset or vulcanized, or the polyurethane containing the unactivated peroxide may be provided in sheet, crumbs, granules or otherwise and then formed and heated to thermoset or vulcanize the polyurethane.