Showing papers on "Ram air turbine published in 1988"

Revolving power tower

Abstract: A revolving power tower comprising a fixed tower and a revolving tower, to make use of wind power as main power source and the heat energy of the sun as supplementary power source, said revolving tower being to induce the wind from all directions to run into the present power tower; when the outer heat-absorbing plates and the bottom of the tower being heated by the scorching sun, the inner temperature being to rise; when the wind coming from outside the heat-absorbing plates being to introduce hot air current into the flexible air valve to blow toward the upper-right portion of the non-weight revolving tower to push the blades of the revolving tower to rotate rightward, (at the same time, the bottom air turbine and the electric generator being to start operating) and then, the air current running into the inner portion of the tower, the wind driven by the blades of the air turbine being to circle round and round and to rush out of the tower from the top to form an artificial whirlwind; like natural tornade, the atmospheric pressure in the central portion of the air column being exceptionally low to partly form a vacuum to let the bottom air rush in to make up the deficit and to further rush upward along the central line of the revolving tower, the rushing force resulted from rushing air current being to reinforce the power to make the turbine and the generator to rotate faster and to further increase the generated energy.

Ram air turbine drive system

Abstract: A drive system is provided between a ram air turbine (10) and at least a pair of accessory power units (38,40) of an aircraft, the ram air turbine being movable between stowed and deployed positions relative to the fuselage of the aircraft. The problems of providing a compact lightweight design which eliminates extraneous components in the airstream and a system which operates at optimum speeds are solved by the use of a drive shaft (28) extending between the ram air turbine and a first accessory power unit (38), such as a hydraulic pump, within the aircraft fuselage. First gears (30, 34) rotatably couple an outer end of the main drive shaft to the ram air turbine. Second gears (36,48) rotatably couple an inner end of the main drive shaft to the first accessory power unit. Third gears, in the form of a gear train (54), rotatably couple the first accessory power unit to a second accessory power unit (40), such as an electrical generator, within the aircraft fuselage. The pair of accessory power units have generally parallel drive shafts (44,52) rotatably coupled by the gear train.

Control system for a variable speed hydro-power plant apparatus

Abstract: A variable speed hydro-power plant includes a pump turbine (2) having a S-shaped characteristics at the turbine operation. A current time turbine operating point is grasped on a turbine characteristics diagram of the pump turbine (2). A limit operation characteristics curve (nr) of the pump turbine (2) is formed in advance so as to not reach the S-shaped characteristics turbine operation region. A reach of the limit operation characteristics curve (nr) is detected, a rotating speed (N) of the pump turbine (2) is lowered. An inrush of the pump turbine (2) into the S-shaped characteristics turbine operation region is eliminated, so the continuation of a stable and reliable turbine operation can be guaranteed.

Cooling system for an aircraft pod

Abstract: A cooling system is disclosed for a pod (20) of an aircraft. The cooling system includes an air circulation loop (28) for supplying cooled air to an air input (32) of the pod to cool a load disposed in the pod and for receiving air discharged from an air discharge (34, 35) to the pod which has absorbed heat from the pod. A cooling apparatus (30) is disposed in the loop which is activated to cool air flowing in the loop prior to application to the pod. A fan (48) is located in the air circulation loop between the cooling apparatus and the air discharge (35) which is activated to blow discharged air toward the cooling apparatus when the aircraft is operated in a first portion of the flight envelope. A ram air supply (44) supplies ram air in response to flight of the aircraft. A valve (46), which is coupled to the ram air supply and to the loop blocks the supply of ram air to the loop in response to the aircraft being in the first portion of the flight envelope and supplies ram air to the loop when the aircraft is outside the first portion of the flight envelope. A controller (38), responsive to a temperature sensor (52) sensing air temperature of air supplied to the pod controls the activation of the cooling apparatus in response to the sensing of a temperature above a predetermined temperature when the aircraft is operating in the first portion of the flight envelope.

Air turbine starter having a panel and ratchet clutch

Abstract: An air turbine starter for use in starting a turbine engine includes a pawl and ratchet clutch having a movable member which selectively prevents engagement of the clutch while providing a pawl raceway surface, or allows clutch engagement. No-load acceleration of the air turbine starter is scheduled to ensure that drop-in speed of the centrifugally responsive pawls is not reached by the ratchet member while clutch engagement is being permitted. The movable member is pneumatically controlled in timed coordination with acceleration of the air turbine starter to prevent crash engagement of the clutch. Clutch ratcheting is also substantially prevented.

Method of operating a multipurpose auxiliary power unit

Abstract: A single gas turbine may be made alternately useable as an auxiliary power unit, a load compressor, an air turbine starter, or an air turbine starter motor by placing a selectively operable clutch 38 between a centrifugal compressor 10 and a turbine wheel 30, by placing a valve 58 in ducting 48, 50, 52, 54 extending from the compressor 10 to a combustor 44, and by providing variable inlet vanes 24 at the inlet 20 to the compressor 10. By appropriate operation of the valve 58, the clutch 38, and the vanes 24, each of the foregoing functions can be obtained.

Air-turbine with self-pitch-controlled blades for wave power generator. (Estimation of performance by model testing).

Abstract: In order to develop an air-turbine with self-pitch-controlled blades for wave power utility, experimental investigations have been performed by model testing of turbine rotors with fixed staggered blades under steady operating conditions. Twelve kinds of rotors have been manufactured and tested to investigate the effect of setting angle, thickness/chord ratio, aspect ratio and solidity on the turbine performance. The results have shown that the self-pitch-controlled turbine is superior to the wells turbine both in starting and running characteristics. A suitable choice of the design factors has been suggested.

Gas turbine unit for combined production of electricity and heat and method for operating such unit

Abstract: Gas turbine unit comprising a high pressure turbine (10) driving a high pressure compressor (11), and a low pressure turbine (13) driving a low pressure compressor (14) and a generator (12), a combustion chamber supplying gas to the compressors, and a recuperator (18) for heat exchange between exhaust gas and compressor air, the low pressure turbine having an adjustable geometry and an adjustable connection (20) being provided bypassing the recuperator, and a method in operating the gas turbine unit wherein the electric power is adjusted to a desired value by changing the geometry of the low pressure turbine and the heat power is adjusted by adjusting the bypass flow to a desired value.

Protective system for a device rotatably supported by air bearings.

Abstract: A protective air control system for an air turbine (73) motor having air bearings (72) ensures pressurized air is supplied to the air bearings (72) whenever the air turbine (73) is being driven. In one embodiment, a sensing device (81) monitors the air pressure supplied to the air bearings, and is operative to open a valve (78) for supplying air to the turbine (73) only when the bearing air pressure exceeds a predetermined amount. In another embodiment, a check valve (88) is mounted to divert a portion of the turbine air to the bearings (72) when the bearing air pressure is below the turbine air pressure. The protective system can be used with an electrostatic rotary atomizer coater (10).

Water surface floating type generating device

Abstract: PURPOSE:To enable improvement of power generating efficiency and to enable extreme improvement of stability and reliability in terms of control, by a method wherein a plurality of cylinders are radially mounted to a floating body being floatable on a water surface CONSTITUTION:When a floating body 6 is brought into a floating state, a plurality of cylinders 9 radially mounted are immersed under a water surface The base part side of the cylinder 9 is communicated to an air chamber 8 formed approximately to the central part of the floating body 6, and the tip part thereof is brought into a release state The air chamber 8 is extended vertically upwardly, and a horizontal plane 25 is positioned at the interior of the air chamber In which case, a water column in each cylinder 9 is functioned as working fluid, and the water column is moved relatively with the cylinder 9 through wave movement to periodically pressurize an air pressure in the air chamber 8 The pressurized pressure flows out from the air chamber 8, and through rotational movement of an air turbine 3 by means of the pressurized pressure, a power is generated by an interlocking generator 2 This constitution enables a generating device to stably float on a water surface, and performs an extreme stable generating motion

Air-sources, supply and cooling

Abstract: A general overview is presented of the alternative methods of supplying air to conditioned garments. Both compressed air and low-pressure, high-volume air systems are described and many of the aspects involved in the design of the system are discussed, e.g. the types of compressor and fan available, the air-volume requirement, the system pressure drop, pipe sizing and the actual system installation with the particular problems that can arise. The relationship between the air volume and the supply temperature is discussed and a comparison is made between the alternative systems available for air cooling. The vortex tube is described together with the air turbine and comparison is made with conventional vapour-compression equipment. These systems are compared to high-volume systems which could provide large quantities of ambient air at low pressure and cost.

Pipe network for extracting energy from ocean waves and tidal flows

Abstract: A network of flexible pipes, comprising an interconnecting set of high pressure ducts 10 and an interconnecting set of low pressure ducts 11, is moored at sea The high and low pressure ducts lead respectively into and out of an air turbine 12 Hollow boxes constructed of rigid material on the sides and top and a flexible membrane 18 at the bottom are mounted on the pipe network and each is connected into the high and low pressure ducts 10, 11 of the network When a wave passes over a box, the air inside the box is compressed and fed through the high pressure ducts to the air turbine for the generation of usable power When the trough of the wave occurs, the box emerges into the atmosphere and refills with air from the low pressure side of the air turbine

Hybrid tool for cutting and grinding

Abstract: PURPOSE:To enable highly efficient and precise machining by providing a single- point cutting tool and a grinding stone projected from the edge of the cutting tool and fixed thereto on a hybrid tool for carrying out both cutting and grinding processes concurrently with a single tool. CONSTITUTION:This tool comprises an arbor part 1, a grinding stone 2, a cutting tool 3 and an air turbine 4 for turning the grinding stone 2. The air turbine 4 is so made as to be capable of moving downward when a cylinder upper chamber 6 built into the arbor part 1 is fed with oil, and moving upward when a cylinder lower chamber 7 is fed with oil. Also, the air turbine 4 rotates when a turbine part 8 is supplied with air, and bearings 9 and 10 react even to the high speed rotation of the turbine 4, as these are air bearings. The cutting tools 3 is a single-point cutting edge and retained on the lower end surface of the arbor part 1 with a wedge 23 tightened via a lock bolt, and turns on the rotary motion of a machine.

An optimization model for designing cryogenic expansion turbine

Abstract: In order to get higher adiabatic efficieny of a cryogenic gas expasion turbine, the optimized parameters such as the degree of reaction, the velocity ratio and the blade diameter ratio are firstly selected Then the thermodynamic calculation is made This paper analysės various selection methods of the optimized parameters, and gives a new parameter selection method which is simpler and practical A computer optimization model for the designing cryogenic gas expansion turbine is established An example of a low pressure air turbine is given And a small size air expansion turbine in medium pressure and low temperature is designed by using the model, whose adiabatic efficiency of test is about 80%

Compressed air driven generating device

Abstract: PURPOSE:To effectively utilize reserved air in the captioned device, in which the reserved air is sent in turn to a high pressure turbine, a reclaimer, and a low pressure turbine in order to drive a generator, by increasing or decreasing (for control) the flow rate of the compressed air that is supplied to the high pressure turbine in accordance with the generator output. CONSTITUTION:Compressed air stored in a storage tank 1 is supplied to a reclaimer 2 via a pipe 10. The said air is heated by the exhaust from a low pressure turbine 5 and is supplied to a high pressure turbine 3 via a pipe 11 and a flow-rate controlling valve so that work is done by the compressed air. The compressed air, which is discharged from the high pressure turbine 3, is heated by a combustion chamber 4 and is supplied again to the low pressure turbine 5 for its additional work. At this time, the exhaust gas thus produced is discharged to the atmosphere through both a pipe 14 and the reclaimer 2. Rotation of tubines 3 and 5 drives a generator 6. In this case, the revolving speed of the generator 6 is detected by a revolving speed detector 18, and, based on this detected value, the opening of a fuel controlling valve 9 is controlled, thereby keeping the revolving speed of the generator 6 constant.

Computation and Experiment of 3-D Stacking Effect on Turbine Stators

Abstract: The 3-D stacking effect on turbine stators was investigated by the fully three-dimensional computation and the experimental method. The Denton code was used to predict the turbine stage flows. The experiments were conducted by the wake traverse methods and the stator surface static pressure measurements using the single stage air turbine. The comprison of the computational results with the experimental results show good agreement between them. And also, those results show that the bowed stator has the significant potential to improve the aerodynamic performance.

Comment on "Residual Stresses in 2024-T81 Aluminum Using Caustics and Moire Interferometry"

Abstract: turbines, the value of C? is positive due to a significant component of lift that increases with a in the chordwise direction. For symmetrical airfoils, the values of Cc are negative in the poststall region III. The range of incidence for which the values of Cc are negative in this region increases with the increase in the thickness ratio of the airfoil. In region IV the values of Cc are positive again. In this region, the chordwise coniponenets of aerodynamic forces are dominated by the suction around the leading edge. The Wortmann FX63-137 airfoil data show much larger values of Cc, which are positive in regions II, III, and IV. The Cc vs a curve for a symmetrical airfoil has a direct implication in the design of a Wells air turbine for self-starting characteristics.' When such as turbine starts from rest, there is sufficient torque to start the turbine rotating due to the fact that at a = 90 deg, Cc is positive. As the turbine speed increases, a decreases. In order to move into the Operational regime (region II), the turbine has to go through a region of negative torques (region III), which results in a turbine speed much lower than the operational speed. This phenomenon, known as crawling, can be eliminated by increasing turbine solidity, which effectively results in a* positive value of Cc in region III. References 1 JacobSi E. N. and Abbot* I. H., "Aerofoil Section Data Obtained in the NACA Variable Density Tunnel," NACA TR 669, 1939. Jacobs, E. N. and Sherman, A., "Airfoil Section Characteristics Affected by Variation of Reynolds Number," NACA Rept. 586, 1937. Blackwell, B. F. and Sheldahl, R. E., "Aerodynamic Characteristics of Fbur Symmetrical Aerofoil Sections Through 180 deg Angle of Attack at Low Reynolds Number," Sandia Labs., Albuquerque, NM, Rept. 87115, 1976. Beans, E. W. and Jakubowski, G. S., "Method for Estimating the Aerodynamic Coefficients fo Wind Turbine Blades at High Angle of Attack," AIAA Journal, Vol. 7, June 1983, pp. 747-749. Muller, T. j. and Jansen, B. J., "Aerodynamic Measurements at Low Reynolds Numbers," AIAA Paper 82-0598, 1982. Muller, T. J., "Low Reynolds Number Vehicles," AGARD-AG288, 1985, pp. 1-69. Raghunathan, S; and Tan, C. P., "Performance of the Wells Turbine at Starting," Journal of Energy, Vol. 6, 1982, pp. 430-431. Raghunathan, S. and Tan, C. P., "The Aerodynamics of Wells Turbine," Journal of Energy, Vol. 7, 1983, pp. 226-230.

Pressurized wave power generating equipment

Abstract: The relates to a pressurized wave power generating equipment, comprising a floating body 1, a hydraulic generator 18, a beacon 19, a wave energy converter, a supercharger 10, etc. The wave energy converter is an absorption pressing circulating system for fluid with a shrinking lumen 8, and which is arranged between floating body 1 and supercharger 10. The utility model has the advantages of better stability, high wave energy use rate, relative stability energy supply, easy production, and low cost. Besides, the utility model is free from the limit of the direction of incoming wave and has small influence of typhoon. The pressurized wave power generating equipment has no need of complicated air turbine, can provide power supply for floating bodies at sea such as beacon lights, offshore platform, etc., and can provide power supply for inhabitants of an island through the facilities of cable.

Air-cooling tower.

Abstract: The device consists of a reservoir (7), a chimney (12) and a pyramid-shaped cover (4) moved by a motor (3) that drives the air/water turbines (2 - 1). The cooled water overflows 2/3 from the reservoir (7), and the pump (1) evacuates it while the air turbine (2) blows into the empty part at the top of the reservoir (7). The air rising under pressure in the chimney cools the water which breaks from the top over the grids. The air is slowed down at the top by baffles (15) condensing the excess humidity before evacuation. The device is particularly applicable to the cooling of banks of condensation pipes and to any equipment using running water for cooling.