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Showing papers on "SOA governance published in 2010"


Proceedings ArticleDOI
16 Sep 2010
TL;DR: A Cloud-based governance model is proposed that marks out a path that will guide the enterprise into the cloud in a controlled and secure manner.
Abstract: As Cloud Computing begins to move beyond the pure hype stage and into the beginning of mainstream adoption, adopting cloud-based services or moving application services to the cloud brings a number of new risks, including: Cloud availability, Cloud security, Erosion of data integrity, and so on. However, for enterprise which require visibility, trust and control over cloud-based services. To maximize the value of cloud computing, meanwhile, to avoid the risk associated with their cloud-based implementations, enterprises need an approach, processes, procedures, and technology to manage and control thousands of data, services and process elements in the Cloud environment. In a word, Cloud computing needs governance. In this paper, the authors propose a Cloud-based governance model that marks out a path that will guide the enterprise into the cloud in a controlled and secure manner.

43 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
16 Apr 2010
TL;DR: A more comprehensive and expressive framework is developed with focus on covering SOA governance elements and documenting SOA processes and activities, defining control as the policies and procedures embedded in each process and providing metrics and maturity model.
Abstract: Many companies have adopted Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) as an approach to improve agility and increase performance of system development. However, deploying SOA has been encountered with some challenges and problems such as service funding, service ownership and standards compliance for years. Therefore, to address SOA challenges, organizations require a comprehensive and applicable SOA governance framework to implement management and control mechanisms. A number of SOA governance frameworks have been proposed by researchers and practitioners. The scope and coverage of these frameworks differ extensively. Nevertheless, they do not completely document SOA processes, governance procedures and SOA roadmap, and also they do not cover all important elements of SOA governance. In this paper, in the process of proposing a new SOA governance framework, a set of important elements for a desired SOA governance framework have been proposed. Based on these elements, a more comprehensive and expressive framework is developed with focus on covering SOA governance elements and documenting SOA processes and activities, defining control as the policies and procedures embedded in each process and providing metrics and maturity model. The proposed framework is obtained by extending characteristics of COBIT framework to cover and support the SOA principles and requirements.

25 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
05 Jul 2010
TL;DR: This paper proposes a new framework named AUT SOA governance framework based on COBIT that is more comprehensive and expressive than its counterparts and promotes control and policy enforcement by defining management control objectives.
Abstract: SOA governance has a critical role in achieving success and realizing the benefits of SOA. Without effective SOA governance, organizations will experience some predictable challenges including difficulties in designing effective decision structures and building a SOA roadmap, lack of service funding, lack of consistent governance processes and gap between IT and business. Study of existing SOA governance frameworks reveals that these frameworks do not completely document SOA processes, governance procedures and SOA roadmap, and also they are not expressive enough to cover all important elements of SOA governance. Therefore, in this paper, we propose a new framework named AUT SOA governance framework based on COBIT that is more comprehensive and expressive than its counterparts. The proposed framework is obtained by enforcing control and governance aspects of COBIT and applying service management activities into a lifecycle approach. This framework is a perceptible framework that clarifies all processes, their relationships, related roles and responsibilities and measurement metrics and promotes control and policy enforcement by defining management control objectives. Also, imperative elements of SOA governance that existing frameworks do not cover them completely specially, service portfolio management, SOA roadmap, performance metrics and evaluation processes have been completely added and described in this framework.

23 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: This contribution motivates SOA Governance, investigates and compare different approaches, identify common concepts, and derive a generic model for governance of Service-oriented Architectures.
Abstract: Companies’ IT Systems are confronted with constantly changing market conditions, new competitive threats and a growing number of legal regulations. The service-oriented architecture (SOA) paradigm provides a promising way to address these challenges at the level of a company’s IT infrastructure. These challenges, as well as the management of the newly introduced complexity and heterogeneity, are targeted by SOA Governance approaches. In recent years, a number of concrete frameworks for SOA Governance addressing these issues have been proposed. There is no holistic approach considering all proposed elements, consolidating them in order to form a universally applicable model. In this contribution, we motivate SOA Governance, investigate and compare different approaches, identify common concepts, and derive a generic model for governance of Service-oriented Architectures.

20 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
09 Jul 2010
TL;DR: An enhanced and comprehensive SoA governance framework is designed, capable of providing more coverage of SOA governance elements such as governance structure and service lifecycle processes.
Abstract: SOA governance has a critical role in achieving success and realizing the benefits of SOA. Without effective SOA governance, organizations will experience some significant challenges including difficulties in designing effective decision structures and building a SOA roadmap, lack of service funding, lack of consistent governance processes and gap between IT and business. Study of existing SOA governance frameworks reveals that these frameworks do not completely document SOA processes, governance procedures and SOA roadmap, and also they are not expressive enough to cover all important elements of SOA governance. Therefore, in this paper, an enhanced and comprehensive SOA governance framework is designed, capable of providing more coverage of SOA governance elements such as governance structure and service lifecycle processes. The proposed framework is obtained by enforcing governance structures of COBIT and applying service management activities into a lifecycle approach. The proposed framework has been tested by comparing analysis with empirically measured values of SOA governance elements and analyzing with a comprehensive qualitative model. This framework offers a well-defined, structured set of aspects that an SOA governance framework should include and can delivers a comprehensive solution to help enable effective SOA governance.

18 citations


Proceedings Article
11 May 2010
TL;DR: A SOA Governance Model (SOAGM) is proposed that should help align IT investments with business objectives and opens interesting possibilities in the framework of business-IT alignment and Enterprise Architecture.
Abstract: A growing number of business organizations are becoming aware of the potential the service oriented approach offers to both facilitate the integration of applications and help building dynamically strategic information systems. In particular, it contributes to developing information systems that are compatible with the needs of agile organizations. Service oriented architecture (SOA) governance opens an opportunity for business-IT Alignment (BITA). In this paper we will first examine the benefits and contributions of the SOA. We will proceed by showing how it opens interesting possibilities in the framework of business-IT alignment (as one of the major IT challenges) and Enterprise Architecture (as a practical framework for BITA). Based on the literature, we will eventually propose a SOA Governance Model (SOAGM) that should help align IT investments with business objectives.

16 citations


Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: A SOA Governance Model (SOAGM) is proposed that should help aligning IT investments with business strategies and is shown as a roadmap for bringing the concept of SOA in the context of BITA (as one of the major IT challenges).
Abstract: The concept of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) has had a significant impact not only on software engineering but on the analysis of an organization’s business layer as well. It contributes to developing information systems that are compatible with the needs of agile organizations. This fact brings us to investigate the new approach of Business-IT Alignment (BITA) by utilizing SOA features. In this paper we will first examine the importance of SOA in both business and IT perspectives. We will proceed by showing the SOA governance as a roadmap for bringing the concept of SOA in the context of BITA (as one of the major IT challenges). Finally, we will propose a SOA Governance Model (SOAGM) that should help aligning IT investments with business strategies.

13 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
13 Apr 2010
TL;DR: Key findings of the SOA readiness and maturity case study within the German banking industry are presented and discussed and the role of SOA in the context of M&A scenarios is discussed.
Abstract: Currently, the realization of Service-oriented Architecture (SOA) implementation in the German banking industry varies, whereas some banks are in the adoption phase and others are already in the SOA operations phase. This paper focuses on specific implications concerning the SOA readiness and the SOA maturity of German banks as well as the role of SOA in the context of M&A scenarios. In particular, key findings of the SOA readiness and maturity case study within the German banking industry are presented and discussed.

12 citations


01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: This paper has reviewed the highly advanced IT governance frameworks Cobit and ITIL and mapped them to the SOA domain and refined the resulting blueprint for an SOA governance framework based on a detailed literature review, expert interviews and a practical application in a government organisation.
Abstract: Although the lack of elaborate governance mechanisms is often seen as the main reason for failures of SOA projects, SOA governance is still very low in maturity. In this paper, we address this drawback by presenting selected elements of a framework that can guide organisations in implementing a governance approach for SOA more successfully. We have reviewed the highly advanced IT governance frameworks Cobit and ITIL and mapped them to the SOA domain. The resulting blueprint for an SOA governance framework was refined based on a detailed literature review, expert interviews and a practical application in a government organisation. The proposed framework stresses the need for business representatives to get involved in SOA decisions and to define benefits ownership for services.

8 citations


Proceedings Article
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: This paper shows how the TOGAF Architecture Development Method was applied in a large-scale SOA-based research project to support the governance proposes in the context of a service marketplace.
Abstract: The Service-oriented Architecture paradigm has become a widely adopted solution for enterprise application landscapes. SOA promises system integration improvement, business and IT alignment, applications reusability, and fast adaptability to changing requirements. Yet, the advantages that SOA offers lead to its main management challenges. An SOA consists not only of services. Business requirements, processes, models, rules, policies, and different stakeholders play also an important role. To manage this increased complexity and heterogeneity in SOA landscapes enterprises apply architecture frameworks and governance approaches. An essential enabler for SOA Governance is the traceable documentation of the service-oriented application landscape. This paper shows how the TOGAF Architecture Development Method was applied in a large-scale SOA-based research project to support the governance proposes in the context of a service marketplace. Supplementary templates were defined to guide the description of services, data models, and architectural components. Some of the models and decisions proposed by TOGAF were shifted to other phases to fit the innovative nature of research projects.

8 citations


Proceedings ArticleDOI
07 Dec 2010
TL;DR: It is shown how optimization of resource allocation can achieve substantial cost reduction and the governance that needs to be in place and the steps that ensure an efficient optimization.
Abstract: This position paper proposes a governance model for efficient power and computing resources usage in cloud computing environments. We show how optimization of resource allocation can achieve substantial cost reduction. Then we show the governance that needs to be in place and the steps that ensure an efficient optimization.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
Yu Chen Zhou1, Xin Peng Liu1, Xi Ning Wang1, Liang Xue1, Chen Tian1, Xiao Xing Liang1 
05 Jul 2010
TL;DR: A novel context model based SOA policy management framework by innovatively extending W3C Service Modeling Language (SML) and ISO Schematron is introduced and how these technologies and architectures significantly enhance the capability of SOA governance and management throughout whole SOA lifecycle and spanning the layers ofSOA solution stack is demonstrated.
Abstract: With the popularity of SOA, SOA policy becomes one of the core technical enablers for SOA governance and management. Different in several aspects from traditional policy for distributed system management, policy applied in SOA solutions needs to take into account various policy types and enforcement points in different layers of SOA solution stack and different phases of SOA lifecycle. As well, it has the unique requirements on compliance to match existing SOA technologies and characteristics, as simplicity, standardization, high performance, etc. In this paper, a novel context model based SOA policy management framework by innovatively extending W3C Service Modeling Language (SML) and ISO Schematron is introduced. Firstly, a common context model distilled from SOA policy types typically including service policy, service governance policy, application policy and business policy, is presented. Then, the core components - context model based policy engine and definition tool are described. Finally, it is illustrated how the unified definition tools and policy engine are manipulated within the context model based SOA policy framework to manage and enforce policies in typical scenarios as service meta-data management, service match making and business process management. Based on the project, we participated in the works for defining W3C SML V1.1 working draft and proposed the works introduced in this paper to W3C SML Working Group. This paper demonstrates how these technologies and architectures significantly enhance the capability of SOA governance and management throughout whole SOA lifecycle and spanning the layers of SOA solution stack.

Book ChapterDOI
07 Jun 2010
TL;DR: The proposed framework stresses the need for business representatives to get involved in SOA decisions and to define benefits ownership for services, and reviews the highly advanced IT governance frameworks Cobit and ITIL and mapped them to the SOA domain.
Abstract: Although the lack of elaborate governance mechanisms is often seen as the main reason for failures of SOA projects, SOA governance is still very low in maturity. In this paper, we follow a design science approach to address this drawback by presenting a framework that can guide organisations in implementing a governance approach for SOA more successfully. We have reviewed the highly advanced IT governance frameworks Cobit and ITIL and mapped them to the SOA domain. The resulting blueprint for a SOA governance framework was refined based on a detailed literature review, expert interviews and a practical application in a government organisation. The proposed framework stresses the need for business representatives to get involved in SOA decisions and to define benefits ownership for services.

ReportDOI
01 Feb 2010
TL;DR: The fourth International Workshop on Maintenance and Evolution of Service-Oriented Systems (MESOA 2010), organized by members of the Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute's technical staff, was held at the 26th International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM 2010) in Timioara, Romania, on September 17, 2010 as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: : The Fourth International Workshop on Maintenance and Evolution of Service-Oriented Systems (MESOA 2010), organized by members of the Carnegie Mellon Software Engineering Institute's technical staff, was held at the 26th International Conference on Software Maintenance (ICSM 2010) in Timioara, Romania, on September 17, 2010. The goal for MESOA 2010 was to share current research efforts and discuss emerging technologies in the maintenance and evolution of service-oriented systems. A second goal of the workshop was to identify areas of future work needed to address existing gaps and problems in the taxonomy of research topics in service-oriented architecture (SOA). This report summarizes the workshop and includes the accepted papers that were the basis for the presentations given during the workshop. Topics include using simulation models to evolve business processes, a requirements-driven framework for root cause analysis in SOA environments, SOA integration as an alternative to source migration, proactive adaptation as illustrated by the S-Cube service life cycle, a dynamic framework for quality web-service discovery, a characterization of policies that govern SOAs, and context-driven adaptive monitoring for supporting SOA governance. The report concludes with highlights from the discussions among workshop attendees.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
19 Apr 2010
TL;DR: An approach to realize service-oriented architecture (SOA) governance using a messaging network with a structured overlay that provides a network-centric approach to ensure SOA governance by use of a common proactive scheme on the network infrastructure.
Abstract: This paper introduces an approach to realize service-oriented architecture (SOA) governance using a messaging network The proposed solution uses a messaging network with a structured overlay The messaging network is XML-based, and is an actual implementation of a content-based network The proposed scheme provides a network-centric approach to ensure SOA governance by use of a common proactive scheme on the network infrastructure

Proceedings ArticleDOI
01 Dec 2010
TL;DR: The aim of this study is development of a framework for evaluating SOA governance, and in order to test the proposed framework, a sample of 16 experts in the field of SOA was included and the results confirms that the proposed frameworks confirms the results.
Abstract: Today, service oriented architecture (SOA) has created the opportunities to improve agility and speed in aligning business needs with information technology infrastructure. Most of the organizations in the process of applying this technology encounter with challenges and may have failure despite of spending a lot of energy and huge investments. Therefore they need to implement a service oriented framework for SOA governance maturity. The organizations require a framework to assess their current status of SOA governance, determine their SOA governance requirements and then offer a suitable model for their SOA governance. The aim of this study is development of a framework for evaluating SOA governance. Data collection tool is questionnaire and in order to test the proposed framework, a sample of 16 experts in the field of SOA was included. The results confirms that the proposed framework.

01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: The purpose of this Article is to define requirements of a comprehensive BPM Governance Framework and to outline the contents of such a framework using the Open Group’s framework for general and SOA governance as a useful pattern.
Abstract: There are many excellent publications on BPM Governance that cover various aspects of this discipline from the theoretical foundation and definitions to lessons learned and best practices. These Articles provide a good understanding of these aspects and offer useful, practical advice in respective areas. However, they all fall short of offering a comprehensive framework that can be used as a single source of reference, models, templates, and guidelines for definition and institutionalization of BPM Governance in one’s organization. The purpose of this Article is to define requirements of a comprehensive BPM Governance Framework and to outline the contents of such a framework using the Open Group’s framework for general and SOA governance as a useful pattern. Background

Book
23 Aug 2010
TL;DR: This book will help you set up the framework for managing operational tasks from a central location using Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control in a step-by-step functional approach, and learn to automate various operational tasks that are essential for the smooth running of Oracle SOA products in production, thus increasing the efficiency of your SOA projects.
Abstract: Manage the operational tasks for multiple BPEL and OSB environments centrally Overview of BPEL PM and OSB operational management with Oracle Enterprise Manager 10g Grid Control Monitor and manage all components of your SOA environment from a central location Save time and increase efficiency by automating all the day-to-day operational tasks associated with the SOA environment Step-by-step exercises to set up the framework to effectively manage Oracle SOA products Packed with real-world use cases and detailed explanations In Detail In the SOA world, managing distributed services and service infrastructures is critical. Oracle Enterprise Manager - an all-encompassing management product - facilitates increased management capabilities for databases, application servers, and packaged applications. BPEL PM and OSB are two compelling, market leading products that are driving Service-Oriented Architecture (SOA) implementation across enterprises. There is a lack of clarity around real-world operational use cases that would help operational administrators in their day-to-day tasks. Further, the documentation available online does not provide much information on administering BPEL PM and OSB with Enterprise Manager Grid Control efficiently. This book will help you set up the framework for managing operational tasks from a central location using Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control in a step-by-step functional approach. You will learn to automate various operational tasks that are essential for the smooth running of Oracle SOA products in production, thus increasing the efficiency of your SOA projects. This book shows how top-drawer management capabilities from Oracle Enterprise Manager Grid Control can be used to effectively manage your Oracle SOA environment. You start by discovering one or more BPEL and OSB components centrally. The book then explains how to monitor BPEL processes and OSB services, and how to get alerts on service availability and performance problems. It covers the management of BPEL and OSB infrastructure components and how to manage their configurations in a central repository. It follows a hands-on approach, showing you how to use an automated approach for deploying BPEL processes and OSB projects. By the end of this book, you will have learned several techniques to set up a framework that will help you manage your SOA environment from a central location. A step-by-step guide to using Enterprise Manager Grid Control to automate common operational tasks essential for the smooth running of Oracle SOA products such as BPEL Process Manager and Oracle Service Bus What you will learn from this book Explore BPEL Process Manager and OSB targets Monitor BPEL processes, partner links, OSB proxy, and business services using a combination of server metrics and synthetic tests Monitor the BPEL instances causing errors by creating SOAP tests Manage the BPEL and OSB infrastructure by monitoring configuration changes Manage service-level expectations around SOA services Create a dashboard to monitor critical SOA services, key metrics, and SLAs Deploy BPEL and OSB artifacts in an automated fashion to ensure that the deployments are conducted in an error free manner Manage the configuration settings of the BPEL and OSB infrastructure, including setting baselines and comparisons Clone an existing SOA Suite from one instance to another to automate the creation of a new SOA Suite environment Approach This book is a step-by-step tutorial on how to automate the management of BPEL Process manager, SOA Suite, and Oracle Service Bus. Each chapter has a problem-solution approach, starting with a real-world problem and then providing the solution to the problem using illustrative examples. Who this book is written for This book is written for BPEL and OSB administrators who deal with Oracle BPEL Process Manager, Oracle SOA Suite, or Oracle Service Bus in a production environment and who need to automate operational tasks. If you are an SOA architect or associated with SOA governance, this book will serve as an eye opener for the many available features to provide production assurance in complex SOA environments. A general awareness of Service-Oriented Architecture is expected, as well as an awareness of Oracle SOA products such as BPEL Process Manager and Oracle Service Bus. No specific management or operational expertise is required.

Patent
Claus T. Jensen1, Robert G. Laird1
07 Dec 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, a method, system, and computer program product for using documentation plans for service-oriented architecture governance is described, which includes implementing a structured documentation plan in a SOA governance tool using a computer processor.
Abstract: A method, system, and computer program product for using documentation plans for service oriented architecture governance. In an example embodiment, the method includes implementing a structured documentation plan in a SOA governance tool using a computer processor. The structured documentation plan includes a set of documentation types and a set of governance policies for at least one documentation type from the set of documentation types.

25 Feb 2010
TL;DR: The proposed framework stresses the need for business representatives to get involved in SOA decisions and to define benefits ownership for services, and reviews the highly advanced IT governance frameworks Cobit and ITIL and mapped them to the SOA domain.
Abstract: Although the lack of elaborate governance mechanisms is often seen as the main reason for failures of SOA projects, SOA governance is still very low in maturity. In this paper, we follow a design science approach to address this drawback by presenting a framework that can guide organisations in implementing a governance approach for SOA more successfully. We have reviewed the highly advanced IT governance frameworks Cobit and ITIL and mapped them to the SOA domain. The resulting blueprint for an SOA governance framework was refined based on a detailed literature review, expert interviews and a practical application in a government organisation. The proposed framework stresses the need for business representatives to get involved in SOA decisions and to define benefits ownership for services.

Proceedings ArticleDOI
20 Apr 2010
TL;DR: The use of SAGE at an initial stage will help to make SOA management more structured and effective and can be further used to estimate the current maturity level of any SOA based enterprise.
Abstract: We propose SAGE (Service Oriented Architecture Governance Evaluation) as a quantitative approach, to evaluate the impact of SOA governance policies on prominent quality attributes. Our approach facilitates an exhaustive quantitative impact analysis to evaluate the effectiveness of SOA governance policies. This can be further used to estimate the current maturity level of any SOA based enterprise. The use of SAGE at an initial stage will help to make SOA management more structured and effective.


Proceedings ArticleDOI
21 May 2010
TL;DR: In this paper, the authors provide initial insights on accounting control in SOA governance, and the illustration comes from accounting information collection control, accounting business process control and financial reports control.
Abstract: The concept of Service Oriented Architecture (SOA) expresses a new idea for organizing a service-based business environment, and it also introduces new issues around IT governance-SOA governance. The main objective of this exploratory paper is to provide initial insights on accounting control in SOA governance. The illustration comes from accounting information collection control, accounting business process control and financial reports control.

Book Chapter
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: A structural comparison of the major, non vendor-specific IT and SOA Governance and Management frameworks is provided and this comparison is used to validate this generic meta model, intended to provide a sound conceptualization and contribute to a better understanding and facilitation of Service Governance.
Abstract: The effective governance of organizational capabilities in the areas of Service Management and Service-oriented Architectures (SOA) has been broadly recognized as an essential success factor for service-oriented enterprises. Organizations that target the adoption of an adequate Service Governance approach face the difficulty of selecting from a variety of related frameworks with differing scopes and objectives. In this paper, we provide a structural comparison of the major, non vendor-specific IT and SOA Governance and Management frameworks and use this comparison to validate our own Service Governance meta model. This generic meta model is intended to provide a sound conceptualization, thereby contributing to a better understanding and facilitation of Service Governance, e.g. by forming the foundation for the development of a flexible and configurable Service Governance tool.

01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: The 2nd International Conferences on Advanced Service Computing (SERVICE COMPUTATION) as discussed by the authors was held in Lisbon, Portugal, from 21 to 26 November 2010, with a focus on cloud computing.
Abstract: 2nd International Conferences on Advanced Service Computing (SERVICE COMPUTATION) -- NOV 21-26, 2010 -- Lisbon, PORTUGAL

Book ChapterDOI
01 Jan 2010
TL;DR: Service-oriented architecture (SOA) principles provide critical guidance for the design and development of services and the service interface and serve as a foundation for SOA governance.
Abstract: Service-oriented architecture (SOA) principles provide critical guidance for the design and development of services and the service interface. These core principles include loose coupling, interoperability, reusability, discoverability, and governance. Loose coupling helps to mitigate the impact of service changes to consumers. Interoperability helps to ensure that consumers of almost any technology can use services. Reusability optimizes the design and development process and helps to avoid new development costs. Discoverability supports reusability and requires that services be published in a manner that allows them to be easily found for later reuse. An SOA implementation that is guided by these principles can exploit a number of advantages and benefits. Examples of these advantages can include mitigation of impact from change, cost avoidance for new development as the result of reuse, and an ability to exploit the prior investment in legacy technology assets. SOA principles also serve as a foundation for SOA governance. SOA governance should consider three different lifecycle states or views: design-time, bind-time, and run-time. Design-time governance can include industry guidance as well as internal principles, patterns, and best practices. Bind-time governance is largely mechanical and helps to reserve the separation of environment boundaries of development, test, and production. Runtime governance ensures that appropriate actions are taken.

Journal ArticleDOI
TL;DR: The evolution of existing transaction models are investigated and their shortcomings are analyzed using a case study, Vehicle Registration system and a taxonomy of the various transaction models based on conceptual evolution has been presented.
Abstract: Transactions are one of the basic building blocks in all business applications The notion of a transaction originated in the seventies and has evolved over time to cater to complex business applications that are distributed, heterogeneous, and loosely coupled The literature on transaction models is extensive and most of them illustrate the ideas with case studies on different applications Since the applications are different, it is diffcult to understand the limitations of the models for the general case However, such an understanding is essential in order to develop a new transaction model that caters to the changing business requirements This motivated us to investigate the evolution of existing transaction models and to analyze their shortcomings using a case study, Vehicle Registration system A taxonomy of the various transaction models based on conceptual evolution has also been presented Further, the suitability of SOA to large scale e-governance applications and the need for developing better SOA Governance transaction frameworks have been demonstrated