Showing papers on "Sodium propionate published in 1985"

Inhibition by antimicrobial food additives of ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus sulphureus and Penicillium viridicatum.

Abstract: The effects of antimicrobial food additives on growth and ochratoxin A production by Aspergillus sulphureus NRRL 4077 and Penicillium viridicatum NRRL 3711 were investigated. At pH 4.5, growth and toxin production by both A. sulphureus and P. viridicatum were completely inhibited by 0.02% potassium sorbate, 0.067% methyl paraben, 0.0667% methyl paraben, and 0.2% sodium propionate. At pH 5.5, 0.134% potassium sorbate and 0.067% methyl paraben completely inhibited growth and ochratoxin A production by both fungi. Sodium bisulfite at 0.1%, the maximum level tested, was found to inhibit growth of A. sulphureus and P. viridicatum by 45 and 89%, respectively. Toxin production was inhibited by 97 and 99%, respectively. Sodium propionate (0.64%) at pH 5.5 inhibited growth of A. sulphureus and P. viridicatum by 76 and 90%, respectively. Toxin production was inhibited by greater than 99% for each fungus. Antimicrobial agents were ranked as to effectiveness by comparing the level required for complete inhibition of ochratoxin A production to the highest antimicrobial agent level normally used in food. At pH 4.5, the most effective inhibitor of growth and toxin production was potassium sorbate, followed by sodium propionate, methyl paraben, and sodium bisulfite, respectively, for both fungi. However, at pH 5.5, the most effective antimicrobial agents for inhibiting ochratoxin production were methyl paraben and potassium sorbate, followed by sodium propionate. Sodium bisulfite was not highly inhibitory to these toxigenic fungi at the higher pH value tested.

Gluconeogenesis from caecal propionate in the horse.

Abstract: The production of propionate in the caecum of the horse has been measured in two Shetland-type ponies fitted with caecal and colonic cannulas and fed on hay or on hay and wheat bran. A continuous intracaecal infusion of 14C-labelled sodium propionate was used and samples were obtained from a cannula at the origin of the right ventral colon. A simultaneous intravenous infusion of [2-3H]glucose was used to measure total glucose entry. On a hay diet which provided 177 kJ/kg body-weight per d, mean caecal propionate production was 19.6 (range 17.2-21.2) mg/h per kg body-weight and on a hay and wheat bran diet, which provided 187 kJ/kg body-weight per d, mean caecal propionate production was 34.0 (range 28.9-38.3) mg/h per kg body-weight. Mean total glucose production (mg/h per kg body-weight) in one pony was 104 (range 100-110) and in the other 135 (range 123-153). Rates were not influenced by diet. About 7% of total glucose production was derived from propionate produced in the caecum and this percentage was unaffected by diet or by individual animals.

Propionate loading test for liver function during experimental liver necrosis in sheep.

Abstract: The first objective of this work was to study the conversion of propionate to glucose by liver of the sheep during experimentally induced liver necrosis. An additional objective was to determine the most appropriate sampling time after a propionate load has been given to use glucose concentration as an aid in the diagnosis of disturbed liver function. Sodium propionate (3 mmol/kg) was injected IV into 6 healthy sheep before and after they were given carbon tetrachloride (20% CCl4 in mineral oil; 0.25 ml of CCl4/kg, orally). To differentiate the effects of liver necrosis from the effects of decrease in food intake after CCl4 administration, 5 sheep which were fasted for 2 days, but not given CCl4, were studied. Microscopically, liver necrosis was observed, as well as an increase of fatty infiltration in nonnecrotic liver tissue. After sheep were given CCl4, the plasma liver-specific enzyme activities (namely, those of iditol dehydrogenase and gamma-glutamyl-transferase) were elevated. Microscopic and enzymatic changes were not observed in fasted animals. Serum sulfobromophthalein (BSP) half-life (t1/2) was markedly increased in the sheep given CCl4 treatment (t1/2 = 22.8 +/- 11 minutes) when compared with the t1/2 before treatment (t1/2 = 2.5 +/- 0.2 minutes). The BSP t1/2 did not differ between fed and fasted sheep. The t1/2 of the IV propionate load increased significantly, from 6.9 +/- 0.4 minutes in the control sheep to 12.8 +/- 2 minutes in the CCl4-treated sheep, whereas an insignificant increase was seen after fasting (6.8 +/- 1 minutes to 8.3 +/- 1 minutes.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

Stabilization of sulfur-containing aldehyde

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain the titled compound useful as a raw material for amino acid, agricultural chemicals, drugs, etc. in such a way that it is preservable for a long period and transportable, by adding a compound selected from magnesium hydroxide, etc. to 3-methylthiopropanal, adjusting it to a proper pH. CONSTITUTION:10ppm-1,000ppm compound selected from magnesium hydroxide, calcium hydroxide, sodium formate, magnesium formate, calcium formate, sodium acetate, magnesium acetage, calcium acetate, sodium propionate, magnesium propionate, calcium propionate, manganese dioxide, hydrazine, and thiourea is added to 3-methylthiopropanal shown by the formula I or 3-ethylthiobutanal shown by the formula II so that the aldehyde is adjusted to a proper pH, to stabilize 3-methylthiopropanal or 3-ethylthiobutanal. This process will not reduce purity of the desired compound even in air atmosphere.