Showing papers on "Standardization published in 1970"
34 citations
Patent•
11 Mar 1970
TL;DR: In this article, a radiation measurement system for measuring an absorption-dependent property of a material is employed in a digital process control system, which includes an automatic standardization system for performing zero and source standardization and a detector for detecting the completion of each standardization mode.
Abstract: A radiation measurement system for measuring an absorption-dependent property of a material is employed in a digital process control system. The radiation measurement system includes an automatic standardization system for performing zero and source standardization and a detector for detecting the completion of each standardization mode. A rate feedback signal is derived in each standardization mode to damp the standardizing operation.
13 citations
TL;DR: The International Confederation for Thermal Analysis (ICTA) developed a group of temperature standards for DTA scheduled for approval in 1970 as mentioned in this paper, with the experimental program leading to these standards, as well as programs underway in the ICTA on other aspects of thermal analysis standards.
11 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Two specializations in the spectrum of information transfer activities, that of the computer and communication system engineer and the librarian are combined in examining the requirements for standardization in the national efforts to use automation in publication, library, abstracting and indexing, and information-retrieval activities.
Abstract: A NATIONAL program for information transfer must consider both the functions that various groups perform and the system that their numerous interrelated, but somewhat independent, activities constitute. Automation of many of these functions is widely regarded as the key for achieving significant advances over the present, predominantly manual, national system for organizing and disseminating scientific, technical, and other scholarly information. Automation of any activity requires that the function of each part and the multiple interaction between parts be brought into sharp focus. Usually, the first lesson learned in any automation effort is that even though the target activity may have been operating with some degree of success in the past, it is still not sufficiently well understood to enable the listing of complete and accurate requirements to guide the specifkation of the machine system. As a result, desired improvements are elusive and slow to develop. The authors of this article represent two specializations in the spectrum of information transfer activities, that of the computer and communication system engineer and that of the librarian. These points of view are combined in examining the requirements for standardization in the national efforts to use automation in publication, library, abstracting and indexing, and information-retrieval activities. Standardization is necessary to both the representation of information and to the procedures being developed for handling it. The details of standardization represent a major part of over-all system design, Underspecification risks operational failure, or at least it endangers over-all operational efficiency and economy. Conversely, overspecification can impede future improvements and extensions and can raise serious practical obstacles to cooperation.
6 citations
IBM1
TL;DR: This proposed American National Standard has been accepted for publication by American National Standards (formerly USASI) Committee X3, Computers and Information Processing to elicit comment and general public reaction.
Abstract: This proposed American National Standard has been accepted for publication by American National Standards (formerly USASI) Committee X3, Computers and Information Processing. In order that the final version of the proposed standard reflect the largest public consensus, X3 authorized publication of this document to elicit comment and general public reaction, with the understanding that such a working document is an intermediate result in the standardization process and is subject to change, modification, or withdrawal in part or in whole. Comments should be addressed to the X3 Secretary, Business Equipment Manufacturers Association, 235 East 42 Street, New York, NY 10017.—C.K.
5 citations
TL;DR: The author's personal interpretation on the current status of the relevant BSI and IS0 standards on machine tool testing is described and how, increasingly, harmonisation affects the national outlook on standards is reviewed.
Abstract: Over the past 10 years there has been a gradual change of emphasis in the way that BSI has produced machine tool accuracy standards. Prior to this time, over 90% of all these standards were produced at the national level. Today, all new standards are produced at international level and then harmonized into the BSI system. Unfortunately, this means that the original BSI standards series such as BS 3800 are rapidly disappearing and being replaced by the BS IS0 230 series. Even worse are the machine specific standards such as the BS 4656 series which are now being replaced by totally separate IS0 relatednumbers such as BS IS0 1079 1 (BS 4656-30 machining centres)andBS IS0 2407 (BS 4656-8 grindingmachines). This paper describes the author's personal interpretation on the current status of the relevant BSI and IS0 standards on machine tool testing and reviews how, increasingly, harmonisation affects our national outlook on standards. It does not address safety related standards that are produced by CEN (Comite European de Normalization - European Committee for Standardization).
4 citations
3 citations
3 citations
TL;DR: The standardization of TCN has to be proceed and verified before acceptance will be achievable, and this goal can be reached best by operation in real applications and giving a demonstration of running vehicles.
Abstract: The standardization of TCN has to be proceed and verified before acceptance will be achievable. In addition to simulation dnd prototypes of TCN, this goal can be reached best by operation in real applications and giving a demonstration of running vehicles. ABB Henschel provides some of the first railway applications, whereas the MICAS® communication and control system is based on the TCN defined train and vehicle bus. 1 Standardization of TCN Integration within Europe is a challange with respect to several areas of technical standardization efforts especially in the field of railway technologies. Road traffic boarderlines are becoming highly transparent compared with those for railes where international operated vehicles are suffering from the long period of nationally dominated technical standards and preferences. Harmonization and standardization will allow to increase efficiency in operation and improve the ability of competition with non rail transportation. One important approach is the area of train internal communication, which is widely known for example in interconnections of vehicleside signalling systems. The valid concept for harmonization of train signalling systems promoted by ERRI (European Railway Research Institute) defines the project ECTS, European Train Control System. It proposes one common control computer (EUROCAB), which is interconnected with different signalling sensors and actors by a Train Communication Network (TCN). It will thereby support Transactions on the Built Environment vol 6, © 1994 WIT Press, www.witpress.com, ISSN 1743-3509
01 Jan 1970
TL;DR: Toxicology is one common area where standardization Is both applicable and desirable, and it is recommended that standard guidelines be developed through an international body recognized by the members of the discipline.
Abstract: Author(s): Kverno, Nelson B. | Abstract: In research to develop methods for controlling damage by vertebrates, chemical evaluation procedures vary with every investigator, so that data cannot be meaningfully compared. Toxicology is one common area where standardization Is both applicable and desirable. It is recommended that standard guidelines be developed through an international body recognized by the members of the discipline.
01 Dec 1970
TL;DR: The cumulative evidence indicates that standardization has met the test of time and is accepted as one of the significant methods for increasing efficiency and minimizing the variety of items, processes and practices which are associated with the design, development, production and logistics support of equipment and supplies.
Abstract: : The report develops in chronological order the history of the standardization concept from the time of earliest civilization to the present. The historical setting for the standardization movement is presented and also a concise history of the Department of Defense standardization program. The cumulative evidence indicates that standardization has met the test of time and is accepted as one of the significant methods for increasing efficiency and minimizing the variety of items, processes and practices which are associated with the design, development, production and logistics support of equipment and supplies.
TL;DR: The history of standardization of mechanical vibration in the United States is traced from its inception in 1932 to date, from its beginning in the Z‐24 Sectional Committee to the present S2 Standards Committee.
Abstract: The history of standardization of mechanical vibration in the United States is traced from its inception in 1932 to date, from its beginning in the Z‐24 Sectional Committee to the present S2 Standards Committee. In 1964, International Standards Organization Technical Committee 108, “Mechanical Vibration and Shock,” was organized. The current activities and future plans of ISO/TC 108 are discussed in terms of the tasks to which its seven working groups are committed.
IBM1
TL;DR: This proposed American National Standard has been accepted for publication by American National Standards Committee X3, Computers and Information Processing and is subject to change, modification, or withdrawal in part or in whole.
Abstract: This proposed American National Standard has been accepted for publication by American National Standards Committee X3, Computers and Information Processing. In order that the final version of the proposed standard reflect the largest public consensus, X3 authorized publication of this document to elicit comment and general public reaction, with the understanding that such a working document is an intermediate result in the standardization process and is subject to change, modification, or withdrawal in part or in whole. Comments should be directed to the X3 Secretary, Business Equipment Manufacturers Association, 1828 L Street, NW, Washington, DC 20036.—C.K.
01 Jan 1970
TL;DR: A branch of applied science and technology seeking a logical and economically sound solution to problems associated with the creation of order in specific spheres of human activity through mutual agreement, consultation, co-ordination, study and experience as discussed by the authors.
Abstract: Technical development, scientific research and better communications have caused closed trading communities to be absorbed in the industrialized society. Here, diversity strikes a discordant note, and there is thus a general trend towards standardization, which can be defined as follows:
A branch of applied science and technology seeking a logical and economically sound solution to problems associated with the creation of order in specific spheres of human activity through mutual agreement, consultation, co-ordination, study and experience.
01 Jan 1970
TL;DR: In this paper, it is proposed to assess the prospects of standardization in the process of interest analysis process and propose a framework for standardization of such a process, which is based on the process-of-interest analysis.
Abstract: Having outlined, in the preceding two chapters, the process of interest analysis, it is proposed finally to assess the prospects of standardization in such a process.
17 Nov 1970
TL;DR: The Center for Computer Sciences and Technology of the National Bureau of Standards attempts to identify areas where breakthroughs are needed in order to achieve more effective or efficient use of ADP techniques or to anticipate future requirements for standardization efforts.
Abstract: Under the provisions of the Brooks Bill, PL 89-306, enacted in 1966, the Center for Computer Sciences and Technology of the National Bureau of Standards has been authorized to sponsor and to conduct research and development work in the computer and information sciences and technologies, especially where the problems are unique to Government or where the results are likely to have wide applicability in Government operations. In addition the CCST attempts to:(1) maintain awareness of advances in the field of automatic data processing and related sciences and technologies (a truly broad interdisciplinary spectrum); (2) disseminate information on advanced developments, especially with a view toward the cross-fertilization of ideas, and, (3) identify areas where breakthroughs, either theoretical or pragmatic, are needed in order to achieve more effective or efficient use of ADP techniques or in order to anticipate future requirements for standardization efforts.