Showing papers on "Street light published in 2021"

Analyzing the obstruction effects of obstacles on light pollution caused by street lighting system in Cambridge, Massachusetts:

Abstract: Artificial light has transformed urban life, enhancing visibility, aesthetics, and increasing safety in public areas. However, too much unwanted artificial light leads to light pollution, which has...

Mitigating the greenhouse gas emissions from urban roadway lighting in China via energy-efficient luminaire adoption and renewable energy utilization

Abstract: Roadway lighting is critical for creating safe environments for drivers and pedestrians. As China continues to urbanize, the increase in the number of street light facilities will exacerbate the energy and environmental burdens of urban areas. Adopting energy-efficient lighting luminaires and using renewable energy can improve the greenhouse gas (GHG) mitigation potential of urban roadway lighting, contributing to the development of a low-carbon urban environment. In this study, we used a bottom-up approach to estimate GHG mitigation potential associated with replacing current high-pressure sodium (HPS) lamps with light-emitting diode (LED) lamps and deploying solar-wind hybrid street lights, solar street lights, and wind street lights in China. Four classes of urban roads in 662 cities were examined with specific considerations for luminaire specifications, lighting design requirements, and urban-specific availability of solar and wind energy resources. The results showed that the incremental GHG emissions associated with a set of street lights using renewable energy technologies range from 475 to 1631 kg CO2e, yielding a GHG payback time of 1.7-7.7 years, which is environmentally cost-effective. The LED-HPS lamp replacement and renewable energy utilization can annually reduce GHG emissions by 21.2 million tons (Mt) of CO2e, which is dominated by branch (38%) and trunk roads (31%). East China, especially Jiangsu and Shandong provinces, has the largest GHG mitigation potentials. Dalian, Shanghai, and Tianjin are among the top cities with the greatest GHG mitigation potential. For cities with different administrative levels, prefecture-level cities can achieve a GHG mitigation potential of 56%, approximately 11.9 Mt CO2e/year.

IoT-Based Voice-Controlled Energy-Efficient Intelligent Traffic and Street Light Monitoring System

Abstract: Traffic congestion and street light monitoring is a vital problem in all part of the cities of India along with other areas of countries. This congestion is formed due to poor management of light signals as well as law enforcement technique. In this paper, we present an idea to build up a voice-controlled smart traffic (VCST) based on Arduino UNO where the light system can be monitored by the implementation of specific voice commands and traffic-flow-based smart (LED) street light. It offers energy optimization methods, low-cost, highly reliable, and user friendly architecture in smart grid architecture with a low-power ZigBee network. Generally, in this proposed system, we use simple voice commands like red, green, yellow, and stop which are used to operate the system. The voice command is forwarded by using an Android application to the Bluetooth module, which successfully differentiates between pre-stored commands and identifies them exactly to control the street light and traffic light system. We propose a smart traffic system based on Arduino UNO that evaluates to change light signals according to the voice message.

Street Light Outages, Public Safety and Crime Attraction

Abstract: For more than one hundred years, street lighting has been one of the most ubiquitous capital investments in public safety. Prior research on street lighting is largely limited to ecological studies of very small geographic areas, creating substantial challenges with respect to both causal identification and statistical power. We address limitations of the prior literature by studying a natural experiment created by short-term disruptions to municipal street lighting. We leverage a natural experiment created by the differential timing of the repair of nearly 300,000 street light outages in Chicago. By conditioning on street segment fixed effects and focusing on a short window of time around the repair of a street light outage, we can credibly rule out confounding factors due to area-specific time trends as well as street segment-level correlates of crime. We find that outdoor nighttime crimes change very little on street segments affected by street light outages, but that outages cause crime to spill over to nearby street segments. Effects are largest for robberies and motor vehicle theft. Despite strong environmental and social characteristics that tend to tie crime to place, we observe that street light outages are sufficiently salient to disrupt longstanding patterns. While the impact of localized street light outages can reverberate throughout a community, the findings imply that improvements in lighting can be defeated by the displacement of crime to adjacent spaces and therefore do not necessarily suggest that localized investments in municipal street lighting will yield a large public safety dividend.

Smart Street Light Using Hybrid System

Abstract: Street lights have become part of our everyday life which are becoming smartest. Now a days most of the system are replaced with LED lamps and various technologies like automation and communication based on the sensors in order to make an energy efficient and smart system. This paper provides an optimum solution for the smart functions of the street lights. Green energy harvesting seeks to supply power without a grid connection to electrical or electronic networks. The collection of thermoelectric energy depends primarily on the activity of the thermoelectric generator (TEG). Here, we plan to produce electrical energy from non-biodegradable waste by burning it and also to take energy from piezo electrical sensors. So here, to light the street light, we plan to produce electricity from waste materials, solar, foot power and store electricity in the battery.

Sustainable technical design and economic–environmental analysis of SMART solar street lighting system in Giza City, Egypt

Abstract: This paper introduces a study on using solar energy instead of fossil fuel energy to light the dark and gloomy streets. An intelligent smart street light system is implemented and the feasibility of SSL is evaluated using a case study of a remotely street located Real Estate Developer of Cairo University in Bolak Al Dakrour district in the state of Giza, Egypt. The main objective is to investigate the technical design feasibility of standalone solar systems, to evaluate cost–benefit analysis of solar LED luminaries compared to convention electrical luminaries for the outdoor street lighting system and to determine the sizing of system components as well as simulation of lighting arrangements is performed using DIALUX 4.12 software package. Results show that the integrated solar street light including motion sensor is used here in this study including LAMP of 15 W LED PHILIPS, 45 W Monocrystalline panel, 12 V 37.5 AH Lithium-ion battery and 10 A 12 V charge controller. This proposed system is designed according to 12 operation hours: 4 h with 100% efficiency, 4 h 75% with efficiency and 4 h with 50% efficiency. Luminaries' arrangements are two sides offset, pole height is 7 m and pole distance 32 m. It is found the cost benefit of using solar LED luminaries against normal electric luminaries reaches about 62% and payback period is 2 years. So, the proposed solar-powered LED street lighting system is technically feasible in Egyptian streets; LED lamps can save more than half of the total needed energy, allowing for the use of a small PV system as well financially viable and environmental impact of CO2 emissions. Furthermore, if the decreasing trend in PV system costs persists and electricity prices rise, solar lighting systems could be feasible in the future.

Smart Street Lights to Reduce Death Rates from Road Accidents

Abstract: Road accidents are a principal cause of demises, detriments and property damage every year. The fatal crashes are the primary reason for death among young people aged between 5 and 29 years. Road fatalities can be minimized by using smart street lights. This paper reviews the existing street light systems, including solar energy, light detection and motion detection systems. Furthermore, this paper proposes a system to detect and prevent road accidents and improve post-crash care using smart street lights. In case of an accident, the proposed system immediately assists in sending a message to the emergency services using GSM module and changing the colour of the street light LED to red, which acts as a warning signal for the vehicles approaching from behind on the road. The system uses solar energy to power the connected LED. Hence, this makes the system energy-efficient also.

Smart Street Lighting System: An Approach Towards Effective Power Utilization

Abstract: Currently, there is an enormous wastage of electricity in the whole world due to the conventional street lighting system which is turned on manually during night. There is a huge wastage of power due to this conventional street lights. To solve this problem, an initiative on Smart Street Light System (SSLS) is discussed in this research paper. The major focus of the SSLS is to automatically turn the lights on when necessary and off when not required. Here, the manpower is reduced because of the Light-Dependent Resistor (LDR) which detects the movement of the vehicle and turns the corresponding street lights on and off accordingly when the vehicle passes away. Apart from the reduction in manual operations of street lights, enormous electrical energy is saved due to optimal utilization.

Smart Street Light System Using Raspberry pi

Abstract: Lighting consumes a huge amount of energy, by which improving the efficiency is a significant challenge. Smart street lights which use light-emitting diode (LED) lights for illumination and monitoring is being used for less power consumption and environmental efficiency. As smart street light system with detection of vehicle for the use of traffic is not been widely used, Smart street light system using raspberry pi is an intelligent system of street light which minimizes the problem of electricity power consumption which is caused late at night when the street lights are working. The street light work for nearly 12 hours i.e from evening 18:00 to next day morning 06:00AM which are not majorly used from 23:00PM to 05:00AM. As for the mentioned 6 hours, there are very less vehicles as well as people on the streets and a huge wastage of electricity. Smart street light system using raspberry pi as the proposed system focuses on minimizing the power consumption as well as to detect the velocity or speed of the vehicle. The system is designed using LED, PIR sensor, LDR sensor, SD card, camera module, with all this components which are connected and controlled using raspberry pi. This system will detect the vehicle and it turns the street light to full intensity when the vehicle passes and the street lights are automatically turned to low intensity if not required and it also detects speed and distance of the vehicle from street light.

IoT Based Smart Self Power Generating Street Light and Road Safety System Design: A Review

Abstract: Technology’s extensive use in the twenty-first century has a negative impact on the environment. Researchers are making more progress on renewable technologies to mitigate global warming, while demand for advanced technology is also gaining greater interest for safety purposes. Traditionally, most high-energy consumption street lights have been operated manually. Also, road accidents cannot be easily identified in real-time due to a lack of immediate data to the authorities. Numerous solutions have been taken to solve these problems but none of them ensures an optimum solution. Internet of Things and AI-based integrated control system can be implemented to solve this problem that can monitor street light intensity, identify car accidents with name-plate detection, and identify the face in unusual situations when someone presses an emergency push button. This automated system will ensure protection and power consumption in this way. This paper will illustrate the existing automated system and the suggested system.

Energy saving in street lighting system

Abstract: A street lighting system should be very efficiently designed to provide good visibility, safety and comfort to the users. It must be energy efficient with reduced cost. Generally Street lights are not operated robotically. During summer, the lights are on even during the day resulting in wastage of electricity. In the existing street lighting system, power consumption is more since the lamps glow with full illumination even in the nonappearance of vehicles or pedestrians. To overcome this, an attempt has been made to propose a system which is totally automatic. Thus an efficient and comprehensive scheme for energy saving in illumination is proposed in this paper. The energy saving is implemented using three main methods namely Dawn Dusk Method, Reduced voltage method and one phase cut off randomly and other two phases with reduced voltage method. This idea can exploit the capabilities of energy saving on the street light in well planned township in a systematic manner.

Smart Street Light

Abstract: This paper is about a smart lighting system that can control the street light efficiently by using sensors to dim and brighten whenever it is required. This system is based on the concept of IoT. It helps to reduce the number of accidents that takes place on the roads and also saves a lot of power and electricity. It increases safety and provides more efficiency. It also provides a safe environment for the pedestrians during the night time by lighting up the place. The system also maintains database to store useful information from each street light like power consumption, total number of burning hours, total number of interruptions, tally the actual power consumption with the power supplied and details of fault detection. Hence maintaining the system with optimal power consumption giving commercial benefits to business and the prosperity of the city as a whole.

Intelligent street lighting energy-saving system based on climate conditions and vehicle’s movements

Abstract: The huge amount of electric power and cost associated with street lighting has raised the need to investigate both cost issues and environmental concerns. Cities worldwide are increasingly investing in energy-efficient street lighting systems. Modern street lighting technology can lower energy consumption as well as operation and maintenance costs significantly. In addition, bright street lighting can reduce accidents and crime rate in the area. Street lighting is an essential public service that provides a significant factor contributing to the quality of life and productivity of people workforces. This paper proposes an intelligent and energy-efficient traffic sensing system based on the widely distributed street lights. It is intended to observe vehicle’s movement on the road and turn ON a block of street lights ahead of vehicle whenever needed. As the vehicle passes by, the system turns OFF the trailing lights. The brightness (intensity of light) of the street light is adjusted based on the surrounding using LDR sensor. Hence, the street lights will be switched ON in the evening around sunset when a vehicle passes by, and switched OFF in the morning after sunrise when there is sufficient light on the streets. In addition, the proposed system will control the intensity level of the street light using the LDR sensor. The Proteus Software Simulation of the proposed system was performed and tested. Then a hardware prototype was designed and implemented to evaluate the performance of the proposed system. This technology can save significant costs and energy.

Integration of Multiple Energy Sources for Hybrid Smart Street Light System

Abstract: Consumption of electricity by street light is massive. This is due to the conventional control systems that are used which require high range of power. It is not good considering the importance of energy conservation nowadays. Smart and green lighting systems are essential for resolving these problems primarily due to the start of the concepts of smart cities. This paper therefore focuses on the project to design a smart and also green street lightening systems and utilization of renewable energy sources along with new concept of utilization of mobile radiation effectively. The system proposed, comprises of strong ideas and concepts that can control efficiently most of the operations of street lights derived from natural energy sources like the sunlight, wind energy and motion trace by micro controllers, with the support of RF wireless communication. Two conditions are needed to be completed to switch ON the lights. Low levels of intensity of light are detected by LDR sensor. PIR motion sensors are used to detect object present in the street. Without it, the street light will be in OFF condition. So by implementation of SSLS, the consumption of street light can be decreased. The level of carbon dioxide is also reduced due to the use of renewable energy sources. This causes the light to get ON before any vehicle or any pedestrian enters. Also, bright of street light is reduced whenever there is some movement.

Intelligent Street Light System Using ARM Cortex M0

Abstract: Most of the existing switching control for the street light system is manual and needs human intervention. There is a massive waste of electricity due to poor handling of the operator and also due to street light remain functioning all night. This paper proposes a novel intelligent street light system using ARM cortex M0+ processor. In this proposed method, an ultra-low-power microcontroller will automatically control the streetlight based on the time and the movement of the vicinity.

Intellisensed Street Light

Abstract: Now-a-days, power consumption has been increased by street light as they remain turned on unnecessarily. The operations of street light i.e. switching on/off of street light are done by human being which is sometimes time consuming and wastage of energy. However, saving power is need of an hour because natural resources are degrading day-by day. Therefore, each and every citizen is responsible for saving power as well as other natural resources. By understanding drawback of the current system, this paper proposes a new idea of Smart Street Light System that can reduce human work as well as the consumption of power. The web module is designed to gather data continuously about power consumption of LED and sent to cloud server. The main objective of Smart Street Light System is that to get automatically activated in absence of sunlight and it will be deactivated/turned off automatically if IR sensor doesn’t detect any human, vehicle or any other object.

GSM-GPRS Based Smart Street Light

Abstract: Street lighting system has always been the traditional manual system of illuminating the streets in Bangladesh, where a dedicated person is posted only to control the street lights of a zone, who roams around the zonal area to switch on and switch off the lights two times a day, which brings about the exhibition of bright lights in street even after sunrise and in some cases maybe the whole day. This results in insertion to the budget. In addition to this, faulty lights may not come to the heed of the concerned authority for a long time which leads to the technical downside. This paper demonstrates a process of controlling the street lights in country like Bangladesh employing SIM900 GSM-GPRS Shield which comes up with the provision of manual control, semi-automated control as well as full-automated control.

Implementation Of Smart City Applications Through IOT

Abstract: The word Smart is an acronym for the 5 elements of specific, measurable, achievable, relevant, and time-based. IOT describes the large and growing set of digital devices as now numbering in the billions which operate across networks of potentially global scale. As the world is growing a bit faster people are being attracted to this word smart.India is one of the fastest growing economies in the world taking this as a factor we are implementing smart city having two modules-Namely Smart street light and smart building. As energy is the major concern, we people need to save energy as much as possible. This can be done with the help of LDR sensor. Considering the intensity of light we can turn a light on/off This project consists of other module called Smart building where a light will turn on/off based on the presence of a human in a room. This can be done using PIR sensor. A reliable system can be made using these components. Every city need to have street light system which is essential. So in order to save energy this project also deals with automatic street light system using IoT. As the world is rapidly growing everything is changing into automation so, to increase the security of the people we introduce smart building where data is stored like what is happening inside the building. These all are smart control and intelligent decision making devices based on accurate real time field data.

Automatic Motion Triggered Street Light Using IoT

Abstract: Smart Street light is a computerized methodology that mechanizes the road path. The aim of Smart Street light is decreasing force utilization when are vehicles are not there. The Smart road light will gleam with high power when there are vehicles are moving and the power will stay diminish. With this progression of innovation, things become less difficult and it becomes simple for all people on the planet today. Robotization is a method of controlling human work in the creation of products.