Showing papers on "Terephthalic acid published in 1985"

Polyester resins capable of forming containers having improved gas barrier properties

Abstract: The present invention provides polyester resins useful for forming containers having improved resistance to gas permeability. The polyester resin comprises the reaction product of a diol containing up to about 8 carbon atoms and a diacid component which comprises terephthalic acid and oxydiacetic acid. The oxydiacetic acid is present in a concentration of about 5 to 50 mole percent, based upon the total amount of diacid. The polyester resin has an inherent viscosity of about 0.4 to 1.5. A preferred polyester is that derived from ethylene glycol, terephthalic acid, and about 10 to 40 mole percent oxydiacetic acid. The polyesters which are provided by the present invention may be formed into containers in the form of sheet, film, molded articles, such as bottles, and other such structures.

Crystalline polyamide composition from dicarboxylic acid mixture and diamine

Abstract: Novel crystalline polyamides having high heat deflection temperatures when filled are prepared from aliphatic diamines and either mixtures of terephthalic acid and adipic acid or mixtures of terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid and adipic acid. The mole ratio of aliphatic diamine to terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid, and adipic acid is in the range of about 100:65-95:25-0:35-5. The polyamides can be filled with about 10 to about 60 parts by weight of a filler. The mechanical properties of these polyamides are largely unaffected by absorbed water.

Molding polyamide composition

Abstract: Disclosed is a molding reinforced polyamide composition comprising [A] a polyamide selected from a polyamide composed of (a) aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units comprising 60 to 77 mole % of terephthalic acid component units and 23 to 40 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units other than terephthalic acid component units and (b) 1,6-diaminohexane units and a polyamide composed of (a) aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units comprising 60 to 100 mole % of terephthalic acid component units and 0 to 40 mole % of aromatic dicarboxylic acid component units other than terephthalic acid component units and (b) units of a linear aliphatic alkylene-diamine component having 7 to 18 carbon atoms, and [B] a filler in an amount of 0.5 to 200 parts by weight per 100 parts by weight of said polyamide. This composition has excellent heat resistance characteristics, mechanical properties, chemical and physical properties and molding characteristics in combination.

Process for making molding grade polyethylene terephthalate

Abstract: Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) produced by direct esterification of a mixture containing ethylene glycol and terephthalic acid in a mole ratio ranging from about 1.05 to about 1.35 dl/g, with at least about 325 parts of an antimony catalyst per million parts of polymer product, can be treated to reduce its acetaldehyde content and acetaldehyde generation rate and increase molecular weight to the levels required for the production of beverage bottles. After heat treatment to produce a crystallinity of at least about 10 percent, the PET can be used in molding after substantially conventional pre-drying and drying steps in air at the molding facility. The invention thus allows beverage bottle grade PET to be produced and prepared for molding without the conventional step of solid state polymerization or stabilization, saving energy, time, production costs and capital investment. Also disclosed is a process for molding a PET preform wherein the polymer prepared as described above is melted, formed into the desired preform shape, and solidified by cooling. This preform can then be reheated above its glass transition temperature and molded into the desired container shape.

Process for the production of polyester

Abstract: A process for the production of polyester comprising at least 80% of an ethylene terephthalate repeating unit using as a starting material an ester compound made mainly of terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol or an oligomer thereof is disclosed. This process is characterized in that a prepolymer having an intrinsic viscosity of not more than 0.4 dl/g and a carboxyl terminal group concentration [COOH] of not more than 90 x [η]-0.4 µeq/g is fed to a final polymerization unit and polymerized in the form of a molten thin film having a thickness of from 0.005 to 0.15 mm.

Manufacturing of high molecular weight polyester

Abstract: A polybutylene terephthalate is manufactured by the steps of polycondensating in the liquid phase terephthalic acid or a lower alcohol ester thereof as the acid component and 1,4-butanediol as the diol component to obtain a prepolymer of polybutylene terephthalate, solidifying the prepolymer and further polymerizing the prepolymer in the solid phase to obtain a polybutylene terephthalate of a higher polymerization degree, 0.001 to 5 percent by weight, based on the prepolymer, of a nucleator being added to the polymerization mixture at any time during a period of from the monomer-mixing stage before the starting of the solid phase polymerization, the solid phase polymerization being conducted in the presence of the nucleator uniformly dispersed in the polymerization mixture. The solid polymerization can be treated subsequently to the liquid polymerization and can proceed in a short time.

Blends of copolyesters and polycarbonate

Abstract: Disclosed are blends of polyesters of terephthalic acid, trans-4,4'-stilbenedicarboxylic acid, and bisphenol A polycarbonate. The polymers are compatible, and blends prepared from these polymers have excellent impact strength and are useful as molding plastics, fibers, and films.

Anisotropic heat-curable acrylic terminated monomers

Abstract: A novel heat-curable acrylic-terminated monomer is provided which exhibits an optically anisotropic melt phase at a temperature which enables it to undergo melt processing in the formation of molded articles, etc. Subsequent to melt processing articles prepared from the monomer are capable of being cured to produce a thermoset self-reinforced composite which is soft and flexible relative to prior art monomers. The monomer may, for example, consist essentially of the reaction product of a methacrylic-substituted phenol and terephthalic acid.

A mathematical model for computer simulation of a direct continuous esterification process between terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol: Part 1. Model development

Abstract: A new mathematical model has been developed for the continuous esterification process of terephthalic acid (TPA) and ethlene glycol (EG) with consideration of oligomer characteristics. The liquid weight fraction in the reaction mixture, β, has been selected as a principal parameter in this model. The solubility of TPA in EG and bis β-hydroxyethyl terephthalate (BHET) has been measured in order to estimate more precisely the concentration of each component. Good agreement has been obtained by plotting the log of solubility data of TPA in EG and BHET against the reciprocal of the absolute temperature with correlation coefficients of 0.998 and 0.989, respectively. The validity of these data has been verified in comparison with other data.

Degradation of terephthalic acid by a Bacillus species

Abstract: A Gram-positive bacterium with the ability to utilize terephthalic acid as sole carbon source was isolated from soil. The strain was identified as a Bacillus sp. Protocatechuate was shown to be a key intermediate in the degradation of terephthalate. Oxygen uptake studies were carried out with the probable intermediates. The presence of different enzymes was tested for. A mechanism is proposed for the degradation of terephthalate.

Crystalline copolyamide from terephthalic acid, isophthalic acid and C.sub.6

Abstract: A crystalline polyamide which has improved tensile strength and which has a heat deflection temperature in excess of 240° C. when filled is formed from dicarboxylic acid compounds comprising compounds of terephthalic acid and isophthalic acid in a molar ratio of at least 80:20 to about 99:1 and diamines comprising hexamethylene diamine and trimethylhexamethylene diamine in a molar ratio of about 98:2 to about 60:40.

Thermotropic aromatic polyesters with high rigidity, a process for the production thereof and the use thereof for the production of mouldings, filaments, fibres and films

Abstract: Thermotropic aromatic polyesters with high rigidity and favorable melt viscosity contain condensed radicals of (a) p-hydroxybenzoic acid, (b) hydroquinone and/or 4,4'-dihydroxydiphenyl, (c) isophthalic acid and optionally terephthalic acid and (d) benzophenone dicarboxylic acid in defined weight ratios.

The synthesis and some properties of nylon 4,T

Abstract: The synthesis of nylon 4,T from tetramethylenediamine and a terephthalic acid derivative was studied in a two step-process: prepolymerization, followed by postcondensation in the solid state (4 h, 290°C). The prepolymers were prepared by the nylon salt method, ester polymerization method, interfacial method, and a low temperature solution method. A maximum ηinh of 1.52 was obtained. From a solution in trifluoroacetic acid, films were cast and on these films we studied its IR spectrum, WAXS, and melting behavior with DSC. A boiled up sample had a double melting transition at 434 and 475°C and a ΔH0 of 130 J/g.

Adsorption and Orientation of Isomeric Phthalic Acids on Alumina Surface Observed by Inelastic Electron Tunneling Spectroscopy

Abstract: The vibrational spectra of phthalic, isophthalic and terephthalic acid adsorbed onto the alumina surface have been measured by using inelastic electron tunneling spectroscopy. The tunneling spectra of these acids were obtained by liquid-phase doping with water or various alcohol solutions. The detailed assignments for these spectra are given, together with a comparison of their infrared and Raman spectra. It has been found that both phthalic and isophthalic acid are adsorbed onto the alumina surface mainly as the dicarboxylate ions. However, a comparison between the tunneling spectra of terephthalic and p-acetylbenzoic acid shows that terephthalic acid is adsorbed predominantly as the monocarboxylate ion onto the surface when doped with alcohol solutions. Hydrogen bonding is observed among the adsorbed hydrogen terephthalate ions. These results show a difference in their orientation and different probabilities of chemical interaction between the alumina surface and the carboxyl groups of the adsorbed isom...

A flash-photolysis electron spin resonance study of radicals formed from carboxylic acids; exchange effects in spin-polarized radicals

Abstract: The time-integration spectroscopy (TIS) technique has been applied to the study of transient radicals created by flash photolysis of solutions of benzene-1,2,4,5-tetracarboxylic acid (pyromellitic acid), benzene-1,2,-dicarboxylic acid (phthalic acid) and benzene-1,4-dicarboxylic acid (terephthalic acid). In these systems electron transfer, proton transfer and rotational isomerism all affect the spin-polarized spectra observed. The exchange processes are analysed theoretically, in the case of proton exchange for the first time in the polarized situation, and it is shown that the two different exchange processes can be simply differentiated in the time-dependent TIS spectra.

Reaction products of terephthalic acid residues and polycarboxylic acid-containing polyols and polymeric foams obtained therefrom

Abstract: A polyester polyol mixture is prepared by reacting a polycarboxylic acid component-containing polyol with a terephthalic acid residue, wherein the polycarboxylic acid component has ring units with two ##STR1## groups on adjacent or alternate ring positions, the ring unit content of the polycarboxylic acid component being sufficient for viscosity reduction of the polyester polyol mixture. The polyester polyol mixture is useful in the preparation of cellular foam materials, particularly polyisocyanurate and polyurethane foams, and laminates thereof.

Nucleation of crystallization of polyester by catalyst remnants—a review

Abstract: The antimony catalyst content of poly(ethylene terephthalate) has an appreciable effect on the tendency of the polymer to crystallize upon cooling from the melt. Nucleation density increases significantly as antimony catalyst concentration increases. The crystallization tendency of the polymer at a given molecular weight correlates strongly with both the antimony content and the diethylene glycol comonomer content. The behavioral patterns of nucleation by catalyst remnants are similar in polyester prepared from terephthalic acid or dimethyl terephthalate. The antimony catalyst is deposited in the polyester matrix in a form suitable to nucleate quiescent crystallization. The differences in tendency to crystallize that correlate with catalyst and diethylene glycol comonomer content are reflected in the crystallinity of injection molded samples.

Polyester and process for preparation thereof

Abstract: A polyester formed by adding compounds of the following formulae I and II to a reaction product of terephthalic acid or a dicarboxylic acid mixture mainly composed of terephthalic acid or an ester-forming derivative thereof with at least one glycol or an ester-forming derivative thereof, having a melt electrical resistance of not higher than 1600×106 Ω and a softening point higher than the softening point derived from Flory's equation for the melting temperature of random copolymers but lower than the softening point of a polyester obtained by adding a compound of formula I alone: ##STR1## wherein each R independently represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 or 2 carbon atoms.

Production of polyester fiber

Abstract: PURPOSE: To decrease the frequency of end breakage and filament breakage in spinning of a polyester and to obtain a polyester fiber having improve mechanical characteristics such as Young's modulus, etc., by carrying out the high-speed spinning of a polyester copolymerized with 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid and added with fine titanium dioxide powder. CONSTITUTION: A polyester containing terephthalic acid as main acid component is copolymerized with 0.1W20mol% compound of formula I (R is H or 1W2C alkyl) and compounded with 0.01W3wt% titanium dioxide. The produced polyester resin is spun under melting at a take-up speed of ≥2,000m/min. The titanium dioxide has an average particle diameter of ≤0.50μm and a particle distribution ratio ([r]=D 25 /D 73 ) of ≤2.3. The amount of coarse particle of ≥1.5μm diameter accounts for ≤0.5wt% of the whole particle weight. The compound of formula I is preferably 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylic acid, dimethyl 2,6- naphthalenedicarboxylate or diethyle 2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate of formula II. COPYRIGHT: (C)1986,JPO&Japio

Boron-containing heterocyclic compounds and lubricating oil containing same

Abstract: Certain boron-containing, heterocyclic compounds which impart extreme pressure, anti-wear and friction reducing properties to lubricating oils Such lubricating oils may be further provided with a hydrocarbon polysulfide derivative of 2, 5-dimercapto -1, 3, 4-thiodiazole as a copper corrosion inhibitor, or terephthalic acid as a lead corrosion inhibitor, or either an alkylated diphenyl amine, a bis (dithio-benzil) metal derivative, a sulfur bridged, bis hindered phenol or an alkyl or dialkyl diphenylamine as an oxidation inhibitor or a mixture thereof

Bis(hydroxyphenyl)fluorene polyarylate polymers and alloys

Abstract: Polyarylate polymers derived from (A) mixtures of bis(hydroxyphenyl)fluorene compounds with anthracene bisphenols, and (B) a mixture of isophthalic and terephthalic acid. Also disclosed are polyarylate alloy compositions comprising a bis(hydroxyphenyl)fluorene polyarylate and a polymer resin selected from polybisphenol A carbonate and polystyrene.

Production of aromatic polyester fiber

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain the titled fiber having high strength and modulus economically, by melt-spinning an aromatic polyester exhibiting anisotropy in molten state and heat-treating the obtained fiber in a dehumidified oxygen-containing gas. CONSTITUTION: An aromatic polyester exhibiting anisotropy in molten state is melt-spun preferably at 300W400°C and the obtained fiber is heat-treated preferably at 280W360°C in a dehumidified oxygen-containing gas to obtain the objective fiber. The water-content of the oxygen-containing gas is preferably ≤0.05vol% and the dehumidification can be carried out e.g. by contacting the gas with a desiccant such as silica gel. The aromatic polyester used as the raw material is preferably e.g. a polymer derived from terephthalic acid and/or isophthalic acid and chlorohydroquinone, phenylhydroquinone and/or hydroquinone. COPYRIGHT: (C)1987,JPO&Japio

Production of bottle

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a bottle having improved pressure resistance and uniform thickness and excellent oxygen and CO2 barrier properties, by mixing a specific PET with PEI, setting the intrinsic viscosity at a given value, forming a parison from the resultant mixture, and blow drawing the parison. CONSTITUTION:70-85pts.wt. ethylene terephthalate based polyester resin (PET) having >=1.0, preferably 1.1-1.4 intrinsic viscosity is incorporated with 15-30pts. wt. ethylene isophthalate based polyester resin (PEI) to give a mixture having >=0.90 intrinsic viscosity, which is formed into a parison and blow drawn. PET containing an acid component containing >=90mol% terephthalic acid and glycol component containing >=90mol% ethylene glycol is used as the PET. PEI containing acid component containing 80-95mol% isophthalic acid and the rest of terephthalic acid and glycol component of ethylene glycol is used as the PEI.

Recovery of metal catalyst residues and other useful products from therephthalic acid production

Abstract: In a process for oxidising p-xylene to terephthalic acid in solution in acetic acid using a catalyst which comprises cobalt and manganese, terephthalic acid is separated from a mother liquor and the catalyst and other useful products separated from at least part of the mother liquor by distilling acetic acid from it, dissolving the residue in an alkali, removing precipitated cobalt and mangenese compounds, precipitating organic acids by adding acid to the solution and separating the monobasic from the polybasic acids of the precipitate by solvent extraction.

Bondable resin composition

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide the titled compsn having excellent adhesion and water resistance, mainly consisting of a specified thermoplastic copolyester resin and an ethylene copolymer CONSTITUTION:05-20ptswt polyfunctional epoxy compd is blended with 100 ptswt of the combined quantity of 40-80ptswt thermoplastic copolyester resin (A) having a mp of 90-160 degC and a reduced viscosity of 05 or above, composed of a dicarboxylic acid component consisting of 40-100mol% of terephthalic acid and 0-60mol% of other arom dicarboxylic acids, a low-molecular glycol component consisting of 40-100mol% of 1,4-butanediol and 0-60mol% of diethylene glycol or 1,6-hexanediol and 0-10mol% (based on the entire quantity of carboxylic acid component) of polytetramethylene glycol having an MW of 600-6,000, and 60-20ptswt mixture of 5-100wt% ethylene copolymer (B) contg one or more functional groups selected from among epoxy, carboxyl and dicarboxylic acid anhydride groups and 95-0wt% other thermoplastic resins (C)

Polyamide composition and production thereof

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain the titled compsn. having excellent aging resistance, moldability, etc. by polycondensing an arom. dicarboxylic acid and an aliph. alkylene-diamine in th presence of a primary or secondary amine and a phosphate or phosphite ester. CONSTITUTION: An arom. dicarboxylic acid component (A) composed of 60W100mol% of terephthalic acid and 40W0mol% of other arom. dicarboxylic acid and a 6W18C aliph. alkylenediamine (B) (e.g. 1,6-diaminohexane) are polycondensed in the presence of 0.01W5mol% (based on the quantity of component B) of a monocarboxylic acid (e.g. acetic acid) or a primary or secondary amine and optionally, 0.01W5mol% (based on the quantity of component B) of a phosphate or phosphite ester (e.g. trimethyl phosphate). Alternatively, their nylon salts or oligomers are polycondensed. COPYRIGHT: (C)1987,JPO&Japio

Photocurable resin composition

Abstract: PURPOSE: To obtain the titled composition excellent in adhesion and solvent resistance and useful for coating a polyester molding, by mixing a specified prepolymer with a polymerizable monomer and a photopolymerization initiator. CONSTITUTION: A prepolymer (A) is obtained by reacting a polyester polyol (a) of a hydroxyl value of 20W23 KOH mg/g, comprising 1mol of a polybasic acid component containing 20mol% or above terephthalic acid and/or isophthalic acid and 1.1W2.0mol of a polyalcohol component containing 20mol% or above neopentyl glycol and 3W20mol% partial ester having two or more unreacted hydroxyl groups in the molecule, prepared from an at least trihydric polyalcohol and a rosin compound with a polyisocyanate compound (b) and an active hydrogen-containing acrylic monomer (c) at 40W90°C in such amounts that the ratio of the total of the hydroxyl groups of component (a) and the active hydrogen groups of component (c) to the NCO groups of component (b) is 1.05W2.05. Component A is mixed with 25W65wt% polymerizable monomer (B) and 1W10wt% photopolymerization initiator (C). COPYRIGHT: (C)1987,JPO&Japio

Resin for electrostatic charge image developing toner

Abstract: PURPOSE:To improve the shelf life stability of a toner by using a partially crosslinked polyester resin which is manufactured under specific conditions and has specific properties. CONSTITUTION:Tri--tetravalent carboxylic acid of 0.1-0.5mol for each 1mol dicarboxylic acid unit is brought into reaction with the OH terminal polyester polymer of >=1,500 number average mol.wt. and =80mol% is an arom. dicarboxylic acid unit and at least 30mol% thereof is a terephthalic acid unit and the balance consists of an isophthalic acid unit and the glycol unit of which >=80mol% is a symmetrical glycol unit and at least 30mol% thereof consists of an ethylene glycol unit to form a crosslinkable polyester polymer. Such polymer is brought into reaction with polyepoxide of 0.007-0.07mol for each 1mol of the polymer dicarboxylic acid unit having 2-4 epoxy groups in one molecule. The resin for a transfer type toner having 20-150mgKOH/g acid value, 60-80 deg.C glass transition temp. and 100-200 deg.C softening temp. is thus obtd.

Polyester shrink label having improved low-temperature heat shrinkability

Abstract: PURPOSE: A polyester shrink label having improved low-temperature heat shrinkability, comprising a copolyester containing 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol in a diol component and polyethylene terephthalate. CONSTITUTION: A composition obtained by blending (A) 50W99wt% copolyester comprising (i) an aromatic dicarboxylic acid component, preferably terephthalic acid (derivative) and (ii) a diol component, preferably ethylene glycol containing 10W40mol%, preferably 15W35mol% 1,4-cyclohexanedimethanol with (B) 1W50wt% polyethylene terephthalate is extruded by the use of a T die, stretched, cut and sealed at the center to give a cylindrical shrink label. COPYRIGHT: (C)1987,JPO&Japio