Showing papers on "Zoom published in 1993"

A method for utilizing a low resolution touch screen system in a high resolution graphics environment

Abstract: A relatively low resolution touch screen system is utilized in a graphic display environment wherein the resolution of the graphic display is relatively high. The character resolution yields a low target resolution, a single character being the target (or the desired character). The method zooms a predetermined number of characters around an initially reported position into a zoom window, the zoom window being an area of the display screen relative to the initially reported position, the center of the zoom window displaying a cursor character. The zooming increases the character resolution such that target resolution is decreased to a value resulting in a touch screen resolution at least equal to or higher than resolution of the target resolution. Further, as the stylus is moved toward the desired character, a new center position of the data to be displayed in the zoom window is calculated, the new center position following the pointer element at a predetermined speed. When the desired character is over the cursor, the pointing element iswithdrawn, the current position of the pointing element utilized to identify the position of the desired character, and thus the desired character itself.

Object tracking method for automatic zooming and the apparatus therefor

Abstract: An object tracking apparatus for an automatic zoom lens control in a video camera includes a memory for storing data for zoom track lines showing the relationship between the distance variation of a zoom lens and the distance variation of a focus lens while the distance of an object is kept constant, a zoom encoder for producing a zoom position signal showing the zoom lens position, a microcomputer for detecting the variation amount of the zooming position, and a zoom motor for variably controlling the zoom lens position corresponding to the detected zoom speed. A corresponding method for automatic object tracking using a zoom lens is also described.

Computer system with graphical user interface including automated enclosures

Abstract: A new behavior in a graphical user interface allows the user to open and close enclosures, while dragging an object. When the user pauses, gestures, or rolls over a hot spot on top of an icon or text representing a closed enclosure, a temporary window for the closed enclosure is "sprung open" to allow the user to browse inside the enclosure and possible open another enclosure contained within the temporary window. This process can be carried on throughout a hierarchy of windows as the user browses for a destination window for the drag operation. All of the temporary windows except the destination are closed when the mouse button is released, signaling the end of a drag. The user may close sprung open windows by simply moving the cursor out of the sprung open window, or by making some other gesture. If an enclosure to be sprung open was previously open on the desktop, the previously opened window may zoom over to the current mouse position, and then return to its original position when the user mouse is out of the window.

Three-dimensional reconstruction by zooming

Abstract: It is shown that it is possible to infer 3-D information from a set of images taken with a zoom lens. A precise study of the optical properties of such a lens gives two major results: The intersection between the optical axis and the image plane can be independently and accurately determined, and the pin-hole model cannot be used directly for the approximation of such a complex lens system. To explain the optical phenomena occurring during a zoom-lens focal-length change, it is shown that a thick optical model must be considered. Experimental reconstruction results for a set of real images, are given. >

Tioga: Providing Data Management Support for Scientific Visualization Applications

Abstract: We present a user interface paradigm for database management systems that is motivated by scientific visualization applications Our graphical user interface includes a “boxes and arrows” notation for database access and a flight simulator model of movement through information space We also provide means to specify a hierarchy of abstracts of data of different types and resolutions, so that a “zoom” capability can be supported The underlying DI3MS support for this system is described and includes the compilation of query plans into megaplans, new algorithms for data buffering, and provisions for a guaranteed rate of data delivery The current state of the Tioga implementation is also de-

Stereo endoscope and stereo endoscope imaging apparatus

Abstract: A stereo endoscope according to the present invention includes a pair of objective optical systems, a pair of relay optical systems, an imagery optical system having a single optical axis, and a pair of imaging devices. The imagery optical system is a zoom optical system or a varifocal optical system. For example, an encoder is used to detect a magnitude of moving lenses in the zoom optical system. Based on the detected magnitude, a control unit allows the two imaging devices to approach or depart from each other. Thus, the stereo endoscope attains the coincidence between observation points of right and left fields of view against the displacements of display points of right and left object images resulting from variations of zooming magnifications.

zoom lens system

Abstract: The invention relates to a zoom lens system It relates to a system wherein a locus of movement of a set of focussing lenses is defined by a focusing cam and a zoom compensation cam, said lenses satisfy a particular condition at least at the telephoto end according to a report (dBf / dx) of a dBf infinitesimal amplitude of displacement of an image plane and the amplitude of dx infinitesimal displacement in a direction an optical axis to a point focused to infinity and the focused spot closest Application to cameras and cameras

Zoom projection lens systems.

Abstract: Zoom projection lens systems are provided which have 1) an entrance pupil which remains at a substantially fixed position as zooming takes place, and 2) a operative aperture stop, distinct from the system's physical aperture stop, which moves through lens surfaces as zooming takes place. The fixed entrance pupil allows for efficient coupling to a light source throughout the magnification range of the system. Methods which can be used to design and produce zoom lens systems of this type and which employ a pseudo-aperture stop are also disclosed.

Projector of narrow field moving images

Abstract: A structure including a laser source 1, a collimator 14, a liquid-crystal cell spatial modulator 7, a convergent lens and a zoom 10 function to project moving images with variable enlargements onto a screen 11 for use with air combat simulators.

Video camera apparatus with zoom control based on the pan or tilt operation

Abstract: A video camera apparatus for a video conference is arranged to detect the zoom level of a zoom lens by a zoom level detecting circuit and to control a motor control circuit according to the result of detection in such a way as to lower the speed of a panning or tilting operation on a video camera accordingly as the position of the zoom lens shifts from a wide-angle position to a telephoto position. In panning or tilting the video camera in a zoom-in state, this arrangement makes the panning or tilting speed lower than the speed of panning or tilting performed in a zoom-back state, so that the movement of objects on a picture displayed on a monitor can be effectively moderated to make the details of the display easily discernible without any unpleasant impression. The arrangement thus facilitates the operation on the video camera.

Image pickup device, moving vector detector, and picture shake correcting device

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a stable reproduced picture even at the time of photographing a moving subject by recognizing the head part of a human body by a picture signal, and adjusting a zoom so that the size of a face part can be constant. CONSTITUTION:A video signal V outputted from a camera signal processing circuit 3 is inputted through an A/D converter 13 to a face picture recognizing circuit 14. The circuit 14 specifies the area of the face picture from the color, area, and shape or the like. A zoom control circuit 15 controls a zoom lens control circuit 9 and an electronic zoom circuit 16 by the information of the size and position of the face part in the picture obtained by the circuit 14. Then, when the movement of the subject is strong, the magnification of an optical zoom is decreased, and the magnification of an electronic zoom is increased. Also, when the movement of the object is small, the magnification of the optical zoom is increased, and the magnification of the electronic zoom is decreased. Thus, the moving subject can be followed-up, the deterioration of the picture quality of the electronic zoom can be reduced, and the stable picture can be obtained.

Video motion vector detection including rotation and/or zoom vector generation

Abstract: Motion vectors from one video frame to another are detected by segmenting a present frame of video data into plural blocks and then comparing a block in the present frame to a corresponding block in a preceding frame to detect rotational and zoom movement of the present block relative to the preceding block, in addition to rectilinear movement.

Method and means for calibrating the magnification of zoom optical systems using reticle images

Abstract: After an operator has focused the zoom lens assembly of an optical measuring system on a workpiece, the zoom lens itself is adjusted to select a desired magnification. A reticle image in the form of a plurality of radially spaced, concentrically disposed circles is then projected, at the selected magnification, and via the zoom lens and a video camera, to a microprocessor (CPU), which electronically stores that particular image of the reticle for subsequent use, whenever it is desired to have the now-calibrated magnification reestablished. To reestablish the calibrated magnification at a later time, a new image of the reticle is projected to the CPU, and via the CPU onto a video screen. The previously recorded image of the reticle is also projected onto the video screen by the CPU, and is visually compared with the new reticle image. The zoom lens is then adjusted until the two images are coincident, at which time the previously selected magnification will have been reestablished.

Virtual three-dimensional window display control method

Abstract: PURPOSE:To effectively arrange plural windows on a display screen when a multiwindow display is made. CONSTITUTION:When a start command is inputted from an input device 101, a window control program which virtually constructs a three-dimensional space on the screen of a CRT 107 and arranges and displays windows in three dimensions is loaded from an external storage device 104, where it is stored, to the program area 108 on a main memory 102. Further, data used for window control and display are loaded to a control area 110 and an information area 111 and the program is executed by a CPU 103 by using the data. Display screen data generated by the execution of the program are sent to FM 105 and displayed on the CRT 107 through CRTC 106. When the zoom ratio of a specific window or all the windows is indicated from the input device 101, the windows are enlarged or reduced and displayed according to the rule of a perspective method.

A Virtual Studio System for TV Program Production

Abstract: Computer imaging techniques are playing an important role in TV program production. The authors have been studying the virtual studio system (VSS), a new program production environment that enhances the freedom of image creation by composing computer-generated images and real images taken by video cameras. Where general composing methods can only be used when there is no practical camera motion, VSS can efficiently incorporate such camera activities as panning, zooming, tilting, and traveling with computer-generated images so that the final rendering looks as though it has been filmed with a single camera. Two types of VSS have been developed and test-produced: VSS driven by actual camera motion (VSS-AC) and VSS driven by virtual camera motion (VSS-VC)

Two element plastic zoom camera lens

Abstract: A zoom camera lens for an inexpensive camera, for example, a single use camera, has two plastic elements including a positive element and a negative element and a stop. Each of the surfaces of each of the elements is concave to the stop. Preferably, the lens has a curved image plane.

Small-sized zoom lens

Abstract: PURPOSE:To provide the small-sized, inexpensive zoom lens which minimizes the number of lens elements of a three-group zoom lens to three and is reducible in the lens movement quantity in zooming. CONSTITUTION:The three-group zoom lens which is varied in the focal length by varying the intervals of the respective groups is constituted and each of the groups consists of one lens element. Namely, the 1st group is composed of one concave meniscus lens 11, the 2nd group is composed of one convex meniscus lens 12 which has a large-curvature convex surface on the object side, and the 3rd group is composed of one concave meniscus lens 13 which has a large-curvature convex surface on the object side; and consequently the number of the lens elements is minimized to three and the motion is dispersed because of the three-group zoom lens to make the lens movement quantity for obtaining a desired zoom ratio less than that of a two-group zoom lens.

Zoom lens system having a short total length

Abstract: The present invention relates to a zoom lens system which comprises ten or less lenses, has a very short total length and a small front lens diameter, is reduced in size, weight and cost and has a large aperture ratio and a high zoom ratio. This zoom lens system comprises a zoom subsystem consisting of a first lens unit having a positive refracting power and a second lens unit having a negative refracting power and an image formation subsystem consisting of a third lens unit having a positive refracting power and remaining constantly fixed and a fourth lens unit having a positive refracting power and movable for zooming and focal position regulation and which has a zoom ratio of 8, a field angle of 1.4 and a very short total length including filters, as expressed by 9.7 f W at 54°, is reasonably and well balanced for various aberrations inclusive of spherical aberration, and has a very excellent capability of forming images by adopting some suitable means for the paraxial arrangement, actual lens configuration and arrangement of the image formation subsystem, applying aspherical configuration to a part thereof and taking some pertinent means for the positions of various optical filters.

Monitor camera controller linked with map information

Abstract: PURPOSE: To grasp a camera position on a map, to variably display the reduced scale of a map according to the zoom rate of a camera lens, and to display the area information of a camera picked up video on the same CRT CONSTITUTION: The photographed video and object of a camera 6, and the map information in the neighborhood are displayed on a same CRT device 1, camera control is operated from the map by an area information inputting means 2, camera control information (pan, tilt, and zoom) is obtained from a camera universal head controller, the pertinent area or the map of the different reduced scale is retrieved from a storage device 8 and displayed while being linked with it, a camera photographing range is displayed on the map from the camera control information, and the specific area information is displayed on the CRT device 1 by indicating the photographed video of the camera 6 by the area information inputting means 2. The above mentioned processing is realized by constituting an arithmetic control unit 3 as a center. COPYRIGHT: (C)1994,JPO

Apparatus including electronic and optical zooming

Abstract: The invention relates to an image pickup apparatus provided with a zoom lens, a converter for converting an optical image, formed by the zoom lens, into an electrical signal, a processor for processing the electrical signal for executing electronic zooming and a controller for controlling simultaneous execution of the optical zooming by the zoom lens and the electronic zooming.

Using 3D Animation Techniques to Help with the Experimental Design and Analysis Phase of a Visual Interactive Simulation Project

Abstract: This paper describes an interactive 3D animation approach that may help with the investigation, understanding and interpretation of results for a Visual Interactive Simulation (VIS) project. The method uses a graphics algorithm to draw on a computer screen ‘3D contour maps’ which show the response of a simulation model to changes in its input parameters. A previous paper showed that it is possible for a neural network to learn the response of a simulation. This paper shows that the speed of response of a neural network can be exploited so that 3D animation sequences of the simulation's results can be produced. It is possible to rotate the ‘3D contour map’, zoom, pan, or generally view the projection from different perspectives. Two example problems are described. The paper suggests that this approach can further improve the quality of VIS by being able to give comprehensive graphic 3D sensitivity analyses to the original problem under investigation.

Zoom finder of real image type and real image type zoom finder capable of making magnification transition

Abstract: A zoom finder of a real image type has an objective lens having positive refracting power and an eyepiece having positive refracting power. The objective lens is constructed by first, second, third and fourth lens groups sequentially arranged from an object side. The first lens group has positive refracting power. The second lens group has negative refracting power. The third lens group has positive refracting power. The fourth lens group has positive refracting power. The zoom finder is constructed such that a real image is focused and formed by the objective lens between the fourth lens group and the eyepiece and is observed through the eyepiece. A magnification of the zoom finder is increased by moving the second lens group from the object side to an eyepiece side. A change in diopter caused by this increase in magnification is corrected by moving the fourth lens group. In accordance with the above structure, an entire length of the zoom finder is short and is not changed in a zooming operation. Further, the structure of a mechanical mechanism for displacing lenses in the zooming operation is simplified and no diopter of the zoom finder is changed in the zooming operation.

Camera incorporating an auto-zoom function

Abstract: A camera incorporating an auto-zoom function made operative when a photographer holds both a camera body and a lens barrel.

Compact zoom lens system having high zoom ratio and wide view angle

Abstract: A compact zoom lens system suitable for use with a compact camera or the like, which has a view angle of 70° or more at the wide end and a zoom ratio of 2.5 or higher and in which various aberrations, particularly field curvature, distortion, axial and lateral chromatic aberrations, are effectively corrected over the entire zoom range, from the wide end to the tele end. The zoom lens system comprises, in order from the object side, a negative 1-st lens unit (G1), a positive 2-nd lens unit (G2), a positive 3-rd lens unit (G3), and a negative 4-th lens unit (G4). During zooming from the wide end to the tele end, the 1-st and 3-rd lens units (G1) and (G3) move together as one unit toward the object side, while the 4-th lens unit moves toward the object side so that the spacing between the same and the 3-rd lens unit (G3) monotonously decreases. Meantime, the 2-nd lens unit (G2) moves so that, during its movement from the wide end to the middle focal length position, it approaches the 1-st lens unit (G1), whereas, during its movement from the middle focal length position to the tele end, the 2-nd lens unit (G2) approaches the 3-rd lens unit (G3).

Analysis of large deflection zoom mirrors for the ESO Very Large Telescope Interferometer

Abstract: A variable curvature mirror, i.e. a zoom mirror, is a powerful device that can increase the field of view of optical interferometers. Such a mirror is being developed for the European Southern Observatory for the Very Large Telescope Interferometer (VLTI) coherent combined focus. It will be the second mirror of the Cat's Eye of the delay line systems. It has been shown that zoom mirrors can be designed by using three possible configurations of external forces, all of these having an associated variable thickness distribution. In this paper, the curvature of the proposed zoom mirrors is controlled by two possible loadings. Version 1 uses a uniform loading while version 2 uses a central force

Compact zoom lens

Abstract: PURPOSE:To obtain a compact zoom lens capable of zooming from a wide angle position up to a medium telephoto position and attaining a comparatively bright and parallaxless TTL finder. CONSTITUTION:In the zoom lens arranged with the 1st group 11 to be a positive group as a whole on the most object side, a reflecting means 13c for guiding light made incident upon the zoom lens to a finder system is arranged on the image face side from the 1st group 11, a movable lens group to be moved to change power consists of a sub-group 13a arranged on the object side of the means 13c and having a positive property as a whole and a sub-group 13b arranged on the image face side and having a negative property as a whole or consists of a sub-group arranged on the object side of the means 13c and having a negative property as a whole and a sub-group arranged on the image face side and having a positive property as a whole and an aris 13d for stopping the brightness of the zoom lens is arranged in the movable lens group or adjacently to the lens group.

Image reading apparatus

Abstract: An image reading apparatus for converting an image on an original into a first image signal by a reading unit and for converting the first image signal into a second image signal comprises: an input unit to set a zoom ratio; a driving motor to drive the reading unit so as to generate the first image signal indicative of the first image, in which the first image is an image obtained by zooming the original at a first zoom ratio; and a converter to convert the first image signal generated from the reading unit into the second image signal indicative of the second image, in which the second image is an image obtained by zooming the first image at a second zoom ratio according to the first zoom ratio and the zoom ratio set by the input unit.

Automatic zoom camera and driving method therefor

Abstract: An automatic zoom camera and driving method therefor by which a user can take an optimal photograph, while controlling a zoom operation by synthetically controlling a shading of a picture and a change of colour varied in response to a zoom operation in accordance with a distance of an object, sensitivity of a film, environmental brightness and a brightness index of a strobe, while operating a zoom function. The automatic zoom camera is constituted by a switch block to sense information about an automatic zoom mode, a strobe mode, a sensitivity of film and a zoom position. In addition, the camera is able to sense the distance of an object via an infrared-emitting element and a light receiving element; information about an environmental brightness via a photoconductive cell; and a micro controller to minimize changes of colour and shading of a photograph in accordance with the distance of the object, the sensitivity of the film, the environmental brightness and a strobe brightness index, while automatically carrying out the zooming operation in case the operation mode is an automatic zoom mode. A flash driving circuit is used for compensating a lack of sufficient light by driving the strobe in response to an output signal of the micro controller; and a motor driving circuit and a shutter driving circuit for automatically adjusting a focus are driven for adjusting an exposure value, taking a photograph and advancing the film in response to the output signal of the micro controller.

Zoom lens tube using varifocal optical system

Abstract: PURPOSE:To realize a zoom lens tube using a varifocal optical system where zooming and focusing are never interfered with each other while keeping the operability of focusing at the same level as a conventional zoom lens level. CONSTITUTION:A fixed cylinder 1 has a zoom cam ring 2 only rotatable and regulated in optical axial movement, and a focus cam ring 3 movable on in the optical axial direction and regulated in rotation. The zoom cam ring 2 is rotated at zooming, and the focus cam ring 3 is longitudinally moved in the optical axial direction at focusing, thereby, the mutual interference in lens group movement between zooming and focusing is avoided.

Eye-Gaze Control of the Computer Interface: Discrimination of Zoom Intent

Abstract: An analysis methodology and associated experiment were developed to assess whether definable and repeatable signatures of eye-gaze characteristics are evident, preceding a decision to zoom-in, zoom-out, or not to zoom at a computer interface. This user intent discrimination procedure can have broad application in disability aids and telerobotic control. Eye-gaze was collected from 10 subjects in a controlled experiment, requiring zoom decisions. The eye-gaze data were clustered, then fed into a multiple discriminant analysis (MDA) for optimal definition of heuristics separating the zoom-in, zoom-out, and no-zoom conditions. Confusion matrix analyses showed that a number of variable combinations classified at a statistically significant level, but practical significance was more difficult to establish. Composite contour plots demonstrated the regions in parameter space consistently assigned by the MDA to unique zoom conditions. Peak classification occurred at about 1200-1600 msec. Improvements in the metho...