There is, I think, something ethereal about i —the square root of minus one. I remember first hearing about it at school. It seemed an odd beast at that time—an intruder hovering on the edge of reality.

Usually familiarity dulls this sense of the bizarre, but in the case of i it was the reverse: over the years the sense of its surreal nature intensified. It seemed that it was impossible to write mathematics that described the real world in …

I and i

Advanced Statistical Methods in Biometric Research.

An artery, vein, aneurysm, vascular malformation or arterial fistula is occluded through endovascular occlusion by the endovascular insertion of a platinum wire and/or tip into the vascular cavity. The vascular cavity is packed with the tip to obstruct blood flow or access of blood in the cavity such that the blood clots in the cavity and an occlusion if formed. The tip may be elongate and flexible so that it packs the cavity by being folded upon itself a multiple number of times, or may pack the cavity by virtue of a filamentary or fuzzy structure of the tip. The tip is then separated from the wire mechanically or by electrolytic separation of the tip from the wire. The wire and the microcatheter are thereafter removed leaving the tip embedded in the thrombus formed within the vascular cavity. Movement of wire in the microcatheter is more easily tracked by providing a radioopaque proximal marker on the microcatheter and a corresponding indicator marker on the wire. Electrothrombosis is facilitate by placing the ground electrode on the distal end of the microcatheter and flowing current between the microcatheter electrode and the tip.

Endovascular electrolytically detachable wire and tip for the formation of thrombus in arteries, veins, aneurysms, vascular malformations and arteriovenous fistulas

Inulin and oligofructose belong to a class of carbohydrates known as fructans. The main sources of inulin and oligofructose that are used in the food industry are chicory and Jerusalem artichoke. Inulin and oligofructose are considered as functional food ingredients since they affect physiological and biochemical processes in rats and human beings, resulting in better health and reduction in the risk of many diseases. Experimental studies have shown their use as bifidogenic agents, stimulating the immune system of the body, decreasing the levels of pathogenic bacteria in the intestine, relieving constipation, decreasing the risk of osteoporosis by increasing mineral absorption, especially of calcium, reducing the risk of atherosclerosis by lowering the synthesis of triglycerides and fatty acids in the liver and decreasing their level in serum. These fructans modulate the hormonal level of insulin and glucagon, thereby regulating carbohydrate and lipid metabolism by lowering the blood glucose levels; they are also effective in lowering the blood urea and uric acid levels, thereby maintaining the nitrogen balance. Inulin and oligofructose also reduce the incidence of colon cancer. The biochemical basis of these beneficial effects of inulin and oligofructose have been discussed. Oligofructoses are non-cariogenic as they are not used byStreptococcus mutans to form acids and insoluble glucans that are the main culprits in dental caries. Because of the large number of health promoting functions of inulin and oligofructose, these have wide applications in various types of foods like confectionery, fruit preparations, milk desserts, yogurt and fresh cheese, baked goods, chocolate, ice cream and sauces. Inulin can also be used for the preparation of fructose syrups.

http://wealthandhealth.ltd.uk/articles/Applications%20of%20inulin%20and%20oligofructose%20in%20health%20and%20nutrition.pdf

Applications of inulin and oligofructose in health and nutrition.

The herb Artemisia annua has been used for many centuries in Chinese traditional medicine as a treatment for fever and malaria. In 1971, Chinese chemists isolated from the leafy portions of the plant the substance responsible for its reputed medicinal action. This compound, called qinghaosu (QHS, artemisinin), is a sesquiterpene lactone that bears a peroxide grouping and, unlike most other antimalarials, lacks a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic ring system. The compound has been used successfully in several thousand malaria patients in China, including those with both chloroquine-sensitive and chloroquine-resistant strains of Plasmodium falciparum. Derivatives of QHS, such as dihydroqinghaosu, artemether, and the water-soluble sodium artesunate, appear to be more potent than QHS itself. Sodium artesunate acts rapidly in restoring to consciousness comatose patients with cerebral malaria. Thus QHS and its derivatives offer promise as a totally new class of antimalarials.

Quinghaosu (artemisin): an antimalarial drug from china

The stem bark of Moringa oleifera were digested with HNO3 and HClO4 (4:1) and the contents of trace elements such as As, Ca, Cd, Co, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, Mg, Ni, Mn, Pb, and Zn were determined by atomic absorption spectroscopy The presence of beneficial element ie, Fe, Zn, K, Mg, Mn, Ca, Co, Ni are within limit The concentration of heavy trace elements Cr, Cd and Pb are within limit, but the concentration of Cu and as are high

https://www.chemijournal.com/vol2issue4/dec2014/2-4-11.1.pdf

Determination of trace metals in the stem bark of Moringa oleifera Lam.

The aim of the present work was to examine the microstructure and mechanical aspects of the Gas Tungsten Arc Welded dissimilar joint of P22 and P91 steel in as-welded (AW) and post-weld heat-treatment (PWHT) conditions. The weldments' optical and scanning electron microscopy characterization showed the heterogeneous microstructure formation along the weldments, which led to the variation in mechanical properties. After the PWHT, a carbon depleted soft and carbon enriched hard zone was observed near the interface of P22 steel and weld metal (WM) due to the diffusion of the carbon elements across the interface. A variation in hardness was observed along the weldments, and maximum was measured in WM (430 HV) and CGHAZ (408 HV) and reduced as move from the WM to base metal. A significant reduction in hardness of WM (333 HV) and CGHAZ (308 HV) was measured after the PWHT. Tensile strength of AW and PWHT conditions was measured 611 ± 9 MPa and 650 ± 13 MPa, respectively, which was higher than the tensile strength of P22 steel. The tensile test of the welded joint showed the failure in P22 steel base metal in AW and in P22 HAZ after PWHT, which indicates that welded joint is stronger than the base material. The impact toughness results also showed that the variation along the weldments and minimum impact toughness was measured 41 J in WM, which was lower than the impact toughness of the P22 and P91 base metal. The poor impact toughness of the WM was attributed to the untempered martensitic microstructure present in WM. In AW condition, maximum impact toughness of 184 J was measured in P22 HAZ; however, it was lower than the P22 base metal. The PWHT showed a significant increase in impact toughness of the WM and HAZ of P22 and P91 steel.

Study on the Variation in Mechanical Properties along the Dissimilar Weldments of P22 and P91 Steel

The objective of the study was to record the incidence of fractures and the outcome of their management in different animals. The data were analysed with respect to the species, breed, sex and age of the animal, duration and cause of fracture, limb and bone involved, type of fracture and the technique of fixation. The results showed higher occurrence of fractures in young, male dogs and bovines. Intramedullary pinning was found satisfactory for fixation of long bone fractures in most of the dogs, and in large animals Plaster of Paris cast with Splint was satisfactory in closed fractures below the stifle and elbow joints.

Incidence of fractures and their management in animals: a clinical study of 77 cases

Controlled series compensation in coordination with double order SVS auxiliary controller and induction M/C for repressing the torsional oscillations in power systems

In five patients embolization of large saccular aneurysms involving the popliteal artery, common carotid artery, arch of the aorta, and abdominal aorta was performed with custom-designed spring coils. Surgery was attempted before embolization for the aneurysm involving the popliteal artery. The other aneurysms were considered nonresectable due to their critical location. Although maximal packing of the aneurysmal sac was attempted, delayed follow-up angiography revealed displacement of the coils away from the parent vessel as well as further expansion of the residual aneurysmal sac. In these cases complete embolization of the aneurysmal sac was not possible without obstructing the parent artery.

A. K. Gupta

Papers

Determination of trace metals in the stem bark of Moringa oleifera Lam.

Study on the Variation in Mechanical Properties along the Dissimilar Weldments of P22 and P91 Steel

Incidence of fractures and their management in animals: a clinical study of 77 cases

Controlled series compensation in coordination with double order SVS auxiliary controller and induction M/C for repressing the torsional oscillations in power systems

Embolization of large saccular aneurysms with Gianturco coils.