This paper gives the 2010 self-consistent set of values of the basic constants and conversion factors of physics and chemistry recommended by the Committee on Data for Science and Technology (CODATA) for international use. The 2010 adjustment takes into account the data considered in the 2006 adjustment as well as the data that became available from 1 January 2007, after the closing date of that adjustment, until 31 December 2010, the closing date of the new adjustment. Further, it describes in detail the adjustment of the values of the constants, including the selection of the final set of input data based on the results of least-squares analyses. The 2010 set replaces the previously recommended 2006 CODATA set and may also be found on the World Wide Web at physics.nist.gov/constants.

/pdf/codata-recommended-values-of-the-fundamental-physical-4bsdant71c.pdf

CODATA Recommended Values of the Fundamental Physical Constants: 2006

Advances in atomic physics, such as cooling and trapping of atoms and molecules and developments in frequency metrology, have added orders of magnitude to the precision of atom-based clocks and sensors. Applications extend beyond atomic physics and this article reviews using these new techniques to address important challenges in physics and to look for variations in the fundamental constants, search for interactions beyond the standard model of particle physics, and test the principles of general relativity.

Search for New Physics with Atoms and Molecules

One of the most significant developments in computational atomic and molecular physics in recent years has been the introduction of B-spline basis sets in calculations of atomic and molecular structure and dynamics. B-splines were introduced in applied mathematics more than 50 years ago, but it has been in the 1990s, with the advent of powerful computers, that the number of applications has grown exponentially. In this review we present the main properties of B-splines and discuss why they are useful to solve different problems in atomic and molecular physics. We provide an extensive reference list of theoretical works that have made use of B-spline basis sets up to 2000. Among these, we have focused on those applications that have led to the discovery of new interesting phenomena and pointed out the reasons behind the success of the approach.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0034-4885/64/12/205/pdf

Applications of B-splines in atomic and molecular physics

The authors combine modern theoretical calculations with evaluated selected experimental data to produce a comprehensive data resource of K- and L-x-ray transition and absorption edge energies for all of the elements from neon to fermium. The theoretical and experimental components of this work are the result of programs of parallel development extending over more than 20 years. At each of several progressively more refined comparisons, it was possible to identify theoretical components whose systematic improvement then led to the next level of refinement in comparisons with an increasingly robust experimental reference data set. We have now reached a certain practical limit in what can be undertaken with reasonable levels of theoretical effort. This limit is not very different from the practical level of accuracy that can be meaningfully associated with the experimental data. For the more prominent diagram lines, experiment and theory are concordant with a zero-centered distribution of residuals whose statistical metrics allow the uncertainties to be estimated. For the light elements $(Zl20)$ and the very heavy elements $(Zg90)$ there are significant difficulties, as is also the case for a few isolated elements and transitions for $20lZl90.$ Overall, the results reported here represent improvements over previously available data compilations not only because of their scope but also because of their attempt to offer internal metrics of the database accuracy. The identified regions of difficulty are areas where further experimental work may be directed to see if there may remain theoretical issues that are still unresolved.

X-ray transition energies: new approach to a comprehensive evaluation

We present version 8 of the CHIANTI database. This version includes a large amount of new data and ions, which represent a significant improvement in the soft X-ray, extreme UV (EUV) and UV spectral regions, which several space missions currently cover. New data for neutrals and low charge states are also added. The data are assessed, but to improve the modelling of low-temperature plasma the effective collision strengths for most of the new datasets are not spline-fitted as previously, but are retained as calculated. This required a change of the format of the CHIANTI electron excitation files. The format of the energy files has also been changed. Excitation rates between all the levels are retained for most of the new datasets, so the data can in principle be used to model high-density plasma. In addition, the method for computing the differential emission measure used in the CHIANTI software has been changed.

/pdf/chianti-an-atomic-database-for-emission-lines-version-8-3c637uz4bs.pdf

CHIANTI – An atomic database for emission lines. Version 8

We perform ab initio QED calculations of energy levels for the $n=1$ and $n=2$ states of He-like ions with the nuclear charge in the range $Z=12\text{--}100$ The complete set of two-electron QED corrections is evaluated to all orders in the parameter $\ensuremath{\alpha}Z$ Uncalculated contributions to energy levels come through orders ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{3}{(\ensuremath{\alpha}Z)}^{2}$, ${\ensuremath{\alpha}}^{2}{(\ensuremath{\alpha}Z)}^{7}$, and higher A significant improvement in accuracy of theoretical predictions is achieved, especially in the high-$Z$ region

https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/0501079.pdf

QED calculation of the n=1 and n=2 energy levels in He-like ions

The ground-state hyperfine splitting values of high-Z hydrogenlike ions are calculated. The relativistic, nuclear, and QED corrections are taken into account. The nuclear magnetization distribution correction (the Bohr-Weisskopf effect) is evaluated within the single-particle model with the g{sub S} factor chosen to yield the observed nuclear moment. An additional contribution caused by the nuclear-spin-orbit interaction is included in the calculation of the Bohr-Weisskopf effect. It is found that the theoretical value of the wavelength of the transition between the hyperfine-splitting components in {sup 165}Ho{sup 66+} is in good agreement with experiment. {copyright} {ital 1997} {ital The American Physical Society}

Ground-state hyperfine splitting of high-Z hydrogenlike ions

The relativistic nuclear recoil corrections to the energy levels of low-lying states of hydrogenlike and high-Z lithiumlike atoms in all orders in \ensuremath{\alpha}Z are calculated. The calculations are carried out using the B-spline method for the Dirac equation. For low Z the results of the calculation are in good agreement with the \ensuremath{\alpha}Z-expansion results. It is found that the nuclear recoil contribution, in addition to Salpeter's contribution, to the Lamb shift (n=2) of hydrogen is -1.32(6) kHz. The total nuclear recoil correction to the energy of the (1s${)}^{2}$${\mathit{p}}_{1/2\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}}$(1s${)}^{2}$2s transition in lithiumlike uranium constitutes -0.07 eV and is largely made up of QED contributions.

https://arxiv.org/pdf/quant-ph/9506022.pdf

Relativistic nuclear recoil corrections to the energy levels of hydrogenlike and high-Z lithiumlike atoms in all orders in alpha Z.

We present ab initio calculations of the complete gauge invariant set of the self-energy screening diagrams for the ${2p}_{1/2}\ensuremath{-}2s$ transition in Li-like ions. The calculation was performed for extended nuclei in the range $Z=18\char21{}100.$ Various contributions to the transition energy are collected. The accuracy of theoretical predictions is discussed.

Two-electron self-energy corrections to the 2p½-2s transition energy in Li-like ions.

The recoil correction to the ground-state energy of hydrogenlike atoms is calculated to all orders in $\ensuremath{\alpha}Z$ in the range $Z=1$--110. The nuclear size corrections to the recoil effect are partially taken into account. In the case of hydrogen, the relativistic recoil correction beyond the Salpeter contribution and the nonrelativistic nuclear size correction to the recoil effect amounts to $\ensuremath{-}7.2(2)$ kHz. The total recoil correction to the ground-state energy in hydrogenlike uranium ${(}^{238}{\mathrm{U}}^{91+})$ constitutes 0.46 eV.

https://arxiv.org/pdf/physics/9711026.pdf

A. N. Artemyev

Papers

QED calculation of the n=1 and n=2 energy levels in He-like ions

Ground-state hyperfine splitting of high-Z hydrogenlike ions

Relativistic nuclear recoil corrections to the energy levels of hydrogenlike and high-Z lithiumlike atoms in all orders in alpha Z.

Two-electron self-energy corrections to the 2p½-2s transition energy in Li-like ions.

Recoil correction to the ground-state energy of hydrogenlike atoms.