Preface to the Princeton Landmarks in Biology Edition vii Preface xi Symbols Used xiii 1. The Importance of Islands 3 2. Area and Number of Speicies 8 3. Further Explanations of the Area-Diversity Pattern 19 4. The Strategy of Colonization 68 5. Invasibility and the Variable Niche 94 6. Stepping Stones and Biotic Exchange 123 7. Evolutionary Changes Following Colonization 145 8. Prospect 181 Glossary 185 References 193 Index 201

The Theory of Island Biogeography

The cultural origins of human cognition

In the first two volumes of this work, Paul Ricoeur examined the relations between time and narrative in historical writing, fiction, and theories of literature. This final volume, a comprehensive reexamination and synthesis of the ideas developed in volumes 1 and 2, stands as Ricoeur's most complete and satisfying presentation of his own philosophy.

Time and Narrative

Wonderful Life: The Burgess Shale and the Nature of History, Stephen Jay Gould. W. W. Norton, New York (1989), 347, Price $19.95 (U.S.A.), $27.95 (Canada)

Publisher Summary This chapter describes a series of arguments and counterarguments through which the ambivalence about analogy noted by recent commentators took definite shape. The chapter focuses on an increasingly acute concern that analogy seems to be both indispensible to interpretation and always potentially misleading. At a more fundamental level, these debates can be seen to express a fundamental dilemma that archaeologists confront whenever they seriously undertake to use their data as evidence of the cultural past, namely, that any such broadening of the horizons of inquiry seems to be accomplished only at the cost of compromising actual or potential methodological rigor. Each of the critical reactions against analogy and each of the ameliorating responses represent an attempt to come to grips with this dilemma. Each either endorses one of the methodological options it defines, accepting that research is unavoidably limited or unavoidably speculative, or rejects these options and attempts to show how one or another of the premises yielding the dilemma may be amended and the dilemma itself escaped.

The reaction against analogy

Rock, Bone, and Ruin: An Optimist's Guide to the Historical Sciences

We thank our funders: the Isaac Newton Trust and Leverhulme Trust for a Leverhulme Early Career Fellowship to CJL, which funded the workshop on which this article is based; NERC for an Independent Research Fellowship to SHM; the European Research Council (Grant No. 3399933; SAJ); the Royal Society for a Dorothy Hodgkin Research Fellowship to NJB; the Royal Society of New Zealand Marsden Fund (UOC1301; FRC); the National Science Foundation (NSF BCS 1440755; RM); the John Templeton Foundation (AB); and the Templeton World Charity Foundation (AC; Note: The opinions expressed in this publication are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of Templeton World Charity Foundation).

http://comparative-cognition-and-behavior-reviews.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/CCBR-vol13-2018-pp055-090-Logan-et-al.pdf

Beyond brain size: Uncovering the neural correlates of behavioral and cognitive specialization

Many biological investigations are organized around a small group of species, often referred to as ‘model organisms’, such as the fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster. The terms ‘model’ and ‘m...

/pdf/model-organisms-are-not-theoretical-models-4vutvsax26.pdf

Model Organisms are Not (Theoretical) Models

In defence of story-telling

The comparative method grants epistemic access to the biological past. Comparing lineages provides empirical traction on both hypotheses about particular lineages and models of trait evolution. Understanding this evidential role is important. Although philosophers have recently turned their attention to relations of descent (homology), very little work exists exploring the status of evidence from convergences (analogy). I argue that, where they exist, convergences play a central role in the confirmation of adaptive hypotheses. I focus on ‘analogous inferences’ (inferences which take a trait/environment dyad from one lineage and project it to another), show how such inferences ought to be analyzed and suggest three methods for strengthening their evidential weight.

Adrian Currie

Papers

Rock, Bone, and Ruin: An Optimist's Guide to the Historical Sciences

Beyond brain size: Uncovering the neural correlates of behavioral and cognitive specialization

Model Organisms are Not (Theoretical) Models

In defence of story-telling

Convergence as Evidence