Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques

A wide variety of media can be used in learning, including distance learning, such as print, lectures, conference sections, tutors, pictures, video, sound, and computers. Any one instance of distance learning will make choices among these media, perhaps using several.

Multimedia in Learning

Conditional rewriting logic as a unified model of concurrency

As computers become more pervasive in society, facilitating natural human---computer interaction (HCI) will have a positive impact on their use. Hence, there has been growing interest in the development of new approaches and technologies for bridging the human---computer barrier. The ultimate aim is to bring HCI to a regime where interactions with computers will be as natural as an interaction between humans, and to this end, incorporating gestures in HCI is an important research area. Gestures have long been considered as an interaction technique that can potentially deliver more natural, creative and intuitive methods for communicating with our computers. This paper provides an analysis of comparative surveys done in this area. The use of hand gestures as a natural interface serves as a motivating force for research in gesture taxonomies, its representations and recognition techniques, software platforms and frameworks which is discussed briefly in this paper. It focuses on the three main phases of hand gesture recognition i.e. detection, tracking and recognition. Different application which employs hand gestures for efficient interaction has been discussed under core and advanced application domains. This paper also provides an analysis of existing literature related to gesture recognition systems for human computer interaction by categorizing it under different key parameters. It further discusses the advances that are needed to further improvise the present hand gesture recognition systems for future perspective that can be widely used for efficient human computer interaction. The main goal of this survey is to provide researchers in the field of gesture based HCI with a summary of progress achieved to date and to help identify areas where further research is needed.

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Vision based hand gesture recognition for human computer interaction: a survey

Time-series clustering - A decade review

The algebraic approaches to graph transformation are based on the concept of gluing of graphs, modelled by pushouts in suitable categories of graphs and graph morphisms This allows one not only to give an explicit algebraic or set theoretical description of the constructions, but also to use concepts and results from category theory in order to build up a rich theory and to give elegant proofs even in complex situations In this chapter we start with an overwiev of the basic notions common to the two algebraic approaches, the "double-pushout (DPO) approach" and the "single-pushout (SPO) approach"; next we present the classical theory and some recent development of the double-pushout approach The next chapter is devoted instead to the single-pushout approach, and it is closed by a comparison between the two approaches -- This document will appear as a chapter of the "The Handbook of Graph Grammars Volume I: Foundations", G Rozenberg (Ed), World Scientific

Algebraic approaches to graph transformation. Part I: basic concepts and double pushout approach

Algebraic approaches to graph transformation. Part II: single pushout approach and comparison with double pushout approach

We first give a new definition of graph grammars, which, although following the algebraic double-pushout approach, is more general than the classical one because of the use of a graph of types where all involved graphs are mapped to. Then, we develop a process-based semantics for such (typed) graph grammars, in the line of processes as normally used for providing a semantics to Petri nets. More precisely, we represent each equivalence class of derivations as a graph process, which can be seen as an acyclic graph grammar, plus a mapping of its items onto the items of the given grammar. Finally, we show that such processes represent exactly the equivalence classes of derivations up to the well-known shift-equivalence, which have always been used in the literature on graph grammars. Therefore graph processes are attractive alternative representatives for such classes. The advantage of dealing with graph processes instead of equivalence classes (or also representatives belonging to the equivalence classes) is that dependency and/or concurrency of derivation steps is explicitly represented.

Graph processes

We describe an approach to 3D multimodal interaction in immersive augmented and virtual reality environments that accounts for the uncertain nature of the information sources. The resulting multimodal system fuses symbolic and statistical information from a set of 3D gesture, spoken language, and referential agents. The referential agents employ visible or invisible volumes that can be attached to 3D trackers in the environment, and which use a time-stamped history of the objects that intersect them to derive statistics for ranking potential referents. We discuss the means by which the system supports mutual disambiguation of these modalities and information sources, and show through a user study how mutual disambiguation accounts for over 45% of the successful 3D multimodal interpretations. An accompanying video demonstrates the system in action.

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Mutual disambiguation of 3D multimodal interaction in augmented and virtual reality

We focus on the visual sensory information to recognize human activity in form of hand-arm movements from a small, predefined vocabulary. We accomplish this task by means of a matching technique by determining the distance between the unknown input and a set of previously defined templates. A dynamic time warping algorithm is used to perform the time alignment and normalization by computing a temporal transformation allowing the two signals to be matched. The system is trained with finite video sequences of single gesture performances whose start and end-point are accurately known. Preliminary experiments are accomplished off-line and result in a recognition accuracy of up to 92%.

Andrea Corradini

Papers

Algebraic approaches to graph transformation. Part I: basic concepts and double pushout approach

Algebraic approaches to graph transformation. Part II: single pushout approach and comparison with double pushout approach

Graph processes

Mutual disambiguation of 3D multimodal interaction in augmented and virtual reality

Dynamic time warping for off-line recognition of a small gesture vocabulary