In this chapter, we will restrict our attention to the ferrites and a few other closely related materials. The great interest in ferrites stems from their unique combination of a spontaneous magnetization and a high electrical resistivity. The observed magnetization results from the difference in the magnetizations of two non-equivalent sub-lattices of the magnetic ions in the crystal structure. Materials of this type should strictly be designated as “ferrimagnetic” and in some respects are more closely related to anti-ferromagnetic substances than they are to ferromagnetics in which the magnetization results from the parallel alignment of all the magnetic moments present. We shall not adhere to this special nomenclature except to emphasize effects, which are due to the existence of the sub-lattices.

Ferromagnetic materials

Hexagonal ferrites: A review of the synthesis, properties and applications of hexaferrite ceramics

Magnetocaloric effect: From materials research to refrigeration devices

The key methods for the preparation of magnetic nanoparticles are described systematically. The experimental data on their properties are analysed and generalised. The main theoretical views on the magnetism of nanoparticles are considered.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1070/RC2005v074n06ABEH000897/pdf

Magnetic nanoparticles: preparation, structure and properties

In the science and engineering communities, the nanoscience revolution is intensifying. As many types of nanomaterials are becoming more reliably synthesized, they are being used for novel applications in all branches of nanoscience and nanotechnology. Since it is sometimes desirable for single nanomaterials to perform multiple functions simultaneously, multicomponent nanomaterials, such as core-shell, alloyed, and striped nanoparticles, are being more extensively researched. Nanoscientists hope to design multicomponent nanostructures and exploit their inherent multiple functionalities for use in many novel applications. This review highlights recent advances in the synthesis of multisegmented one-dimensional nanorods and nanowires with metal, semiconductor, polymer, molecular, and even gapped components. It also discusses the applications of these multicomponent nanomaterials in magnetism, self-assembly, electronics, biology, catalysis, and optics. Particular emphasis is placed on the new materials and devices achievable using these multicomponent, rather than single-component, nanowire structures.

Multisegmented One‐Dimensional Nanorods Prepared by Hard‐Template Synthetic Methods

Light-induced changes in the coercivity ΔHc are reported for cobalt ferrite nanoparticles. These changes arise from charge transfer initiated by optical absorption near 2 eV. An insulator-to-metal transition at 170 K is an upper limit for significant ΔHc. The larger ΔHc for smaller (17 nm) particles was correlated with a distortion about the Co2+ ions at B sites, which increases the absorption probability.

Photomagnetism and structure in cobalt ferrite nanoparticles

Nanocrystalline materials prepared through crystallization by ball milling

We report variations in the coercivity of CoFe/sub 2/O/sub 4/ nanoparticles as a function of particle size, temperature and light intensity. For 30 nm particles, this change in was 2300 Oe at 10 K, 120 Oe at 170 K, for a light intensity of under 2 milliwatts. The remanent magnetization was nearly unchanged by illumination. A simple model of optical absorption followed by electron transfer between Co/sup 2+/ and Fe/sup 3+/ ions is proposed.

Effect of light on the magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles

Samples containing Fe nanoparticles dispersed in SiO2 were prepared by high energy ball milling. We have studied the variation with the milling time of both the saturation magnetization and the coercive force of these samples. The rapid increase of coercivity with the decrease of temperature observed in the low temperature range suggested the presence of superparamagnetic particles in the samples. Nevertheless, our experimental data were in poor agreement with the well‐known T1/2 law describing the coercive force of superparamagnetic particles. Coercivities as high as 540 and 850 Oe were obtained for samples with x=0.3 at room temperature and at 1.7 K, respectively. From the analysis of the temperature dependence of the saturation magnetization the spin wave stiffness constant was obtained. This quantity evidenced the enhancement of the thermal demagnetization associated with the reduction in size.

Coercivity of Fe‐SiO2 nanocomposite materials prepared by ball milling

Microstructural and crystallographic characteristics of modulated martensite, non-modulated martensite, and pre-martensitic tweed austenite in Ni-Mn-Ga alloys

Anit K. Giri

Papers

Photomagnetism and structure in cobalt ferrite nanoparticles

Nanocrystalline materials prepared through crystallization by ball milling

Effect of light on the magnetic properties of cobalt ferrite nanoparticles

Coercivity of Fe‐SiO2 nanocomposite materials prepared by ball milling

Microstructural and crystallographic characteristics of modulated martensite, non-modulated martensite, and pre-martensitic tweed austenite in Ni-Mn-Ga alloys