Secret History: Return of the Black Death Channel 4, 7-8pm In 1348 the Black Death swept through London, killing people within days of the appearance of their first symptoms. Exactly how many died, and why, has long been a mystery. This Secret History documentary follows experts as they pick through the evidence and reveal why the plague killed on such a scale. And they ask, what might be coming next?

Medscape

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/pdf/acc-aha-2005-guideline-update-for-the-diagnosis-and-4hik65ngbe.pdf

ACC/AHA 2005 Guideline Update for the Diagnosis and Management of Chronic Heart Failure in the Adult

In 1974 an article appeared in Science magazine with the dry-sounding title “Judgment Under Uncertainty: Heuristics and Biases” by a pair of psychologists who were not well known outside their discipline of decision theory. In it Amos Tversky and Daniel Kahneman introduced the world to Prospect Theory, which mapped out how humans actually behave when faced with decisions about gains and losses, in contrast to how economists assumed that people behave. Prospect Theory turned Economics on its head by demonstrating through a series of ingenious experiments that people are much more concerned with losses than they are with gains, and that framing a choice from one perspective or the other will result in decisions that are exactly the opposite of each other, even if the outcomes are monetarily the same. Prospect Theory led cognitive psychology in a new direction that began to uncover other human biases in thinking that are probably not learned but are part of our brain’s wiring.

Thinking fast and slow.

ACC/AHA 2005 guideline update for the diagnosis and management of chronic heart failure in the adult: a report of the American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines (Writing Committee to Update the 2001 Guidelines for the Evaluation and Management of Heart Failure).

Mariell Jessup, MD, FACC, FAHA, Chair [*][1]

William T. Abraham, MD, FACC, FAHA[†][2]

Donald E. Casey, MD, MPH, MBA[‡][3]

Arthur M. Feldman, MD, PhD, FACC, FAHA[§][4]

Gary S. Francis, MD, FACC, FAHA[§][4]

Theodore G. Ganiats, MD[∥][5]

Marvin A. Konstam, MD, FACC[¶][6]

Donna M.

/pdf/2009-focused-update-incorporated-into-the-acc-aha-2005-3z9lhvyqwq.pdf

2009 Focused Update Incorporated Into the ACC/AHA 2005 Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of Heart Failure in Adults A Report of the American College of Cardiology Foundation/American Heart Association Task Force on Practice Guidelines: Developed in Collaboration With the International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation

Conflict of Interest Disclosures: The authors have completed and submitted the ICMJE Form for Disclosure of Potential Conflicts of Interest. Dr Bennell reported receiving royalties from an educational DVD on knee osteoarthritis and from a commercially available shoe from ASICS Oceania; being a consultant for Physitrack; and receiving grants from the National Health and Medical Research Council. Dr Abbott reported receiving a grant from the Health Research Council of New Zealand.

Euthanasia for minors in Belgium--reply.

Electively aborted fetuses are the most reliable and plentiful source of fetal tissue for transplantation into human recipients [1]. However, many ethical concerns have been raised by the transplantation of tissue from electively aborted fetuses. In this paper, we discuss four widely cited sets of concerns and objections: 

1

The transplantation of tissue from an electively aborted fetus is morally inseparable from the morality of the elective abortion.




2

The transplantation of fetal tissue will cause an increased number of elective abortions.




3

The transplantation of fetal tissue will lead to the modification of abortion procedures.




4

The transplantation of fetal tissue will cause women to abort in order to donate.

Fetal Tissue Transplantation and the Problem of Elective Abortion

For some years, scientists have felt that it should be possible to create new life forms "from scratch," perhaps by splicing together genes drawn from different sources to create a new functioning genome, perhaps by slowly combining genes synthetically into one or more functioning chromosomes, or perhaps by recombining many different genetic elements to see if a functional genome could be produced. Now, the quiet backwater of microbiology is about to move center stage in the genomics revolution. Early work is already bearing fruit. A team at SUNY Stony Brook created an artificial polio type virus last year, (1) and this past fall Craig Venter announced that his Institute for Biological Energy Alternatives, with the generous support of the Department of Energy, had succeeded in the creation of a bacterial virus. What was interesting about Venter's announcement is that he and his team have developed a technique for the rapid recombination and transfer of many genes, thereby making the synthesis of new life forms less an experiment and more a form of manufacture. Making an artificial virus from scratch is not only an impressive feat, it is also an important step in the radical transformation of genetic engineering. Today scientists can "synthesize" a small genome to create a virus. Soon they will move to larger genomes, and eventually to bacteria and possibly even to new genomes for larger animals and plants. It is conceivable that human beings will some day contain artificially synthesized chromosomes in their cells. Synthetic genomics may one day be one of the key spin-offs of the genomic revolution. Right now, genetic engineering involves adding a small number of genes, often one at a time, to a plant or animal. The technique used by Venter's team makes it possible to design and create thousands of genes at once and transfer them. The difference in power between current genetic engineering and this emerging technology is the difference between monks painstakingly hand painting one book at a time and a printing press churning them out by the thousands. The potential benefits of the technology are enormous. Synthetic genomics could provide us with microbes that have the ability to reduce carbon dioxide in the atmosphere. Genetically engineered bacteria could some day clean up pollutants within factories or eat radioactive waste. Gene therapy that uses "good" viruses to attack cancers and infections caused by "nasty" viruses and bacteria will likely take a giant leap forward when this technology is fully developed. There are, however, some important questions to ask about synthetic genome technology. …

New life forms: new threats, new possibilities.

https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/pdf/10.1080/15265161.2018.1489651

Arthur L. Caplan

Papers

Euthanasia for minors in Belgium--reply.

Fetal Tissue Transplantation and the Problem of Elective Abortion

New life forms: new threats, new possibilities.

"A Little ELF, Please?" The Electronic Long-Form COI Disclosure Statement (ELFCOI).

Big Boys Do Cry: Empathy in The Doctor