다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

抗原变异可使得多种致病微生物易于逃避宿主免疫应答。表达在感染红细胞表面的恶性疟原虫红细胞表面蛋白1（PfPMP1）与感染红细胞、内皮细胞、树突状细胞以及胎盘的单个或多个受体作用，在黏附及免疫逃避中起关键的作用。每个单倍体基因组var基因家族编码约60种成员，通过启动转录不同的var基因变异体为抗原变异提供了分子基础。

疟原虫var基因转换速率变化导致抗原变异[英]／Paul H, Robert P, Christodoulou Z, et al//Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A

[신간의 별자리x] 우리/미술, 그리고 ‘슬픔의 박물관’

http://naturalingredient.org/wp/wp-content/uploads/Burt_Essential_Oils_A_Review_2004.pdf

Essential oils: their antibacterial properties and potential applications in foods--a review.

BIOE 402. Medical Technology Assessment. 2 or 3 hours. Bioentrepreneur course. Assessment of medical technology in the context of commercialization. Objectives, competition, market share, funding, pricing, manufacturing, growth, and intellectual property; many issues unique to biomedical products. Course Information: 2 undergraduate hours. 3 graduate hours. Prerequisite(s): Junior standing or above and consent of the instructor.

“Bioinformatics” 특집을 내면서

Look what's coming down the road: potential foodborne pathogens.

Stress responses of foodborne pathogens, with specific reference to the switching on of such responses.

Biosensor-based detection of foodborne pathogens.

The contribution of the various foods and their categories to the occurrence of food-borne cases of human salmonellosis varies between countries depending on the prevalence of different Salmonella serovars in food animals and in their various food production chains, as well as consumption habits and food preparation practices. Most contaminated eggs have Salmonella on the shell surface only, and therefore, eggs are usually sanitized by a variety of methods and agents. Meat is another important source of food-borne salmonellosis, with poultry and pork implicated more often than beef and lamb. Methods to sequester target pathogenic bacteria from interfering food components and to concentrate them in small volumes are needed to enable the efficient application of rapid detection and identification methods. For rapid detection of Salmonella in food including meat and eggs, three basic analytical principles are applied in practice: modified traditional culture methods, immunological methods, and nucleic acid-based methods.

Salmonella in pork, beef, poultry, and egg.

All organisms belong to one of the three domains of life: Bacteria, Archaea, and Eukarya. As foodborne pathogens, general properties such as the morphological and structural characteristics of bacteria, viruses, molds, parasites, and algae are reviewed in this chapter. The cell walls of Gram-positive bacteria contain a thick peptidoglycan (PGN), which is highly complex and dynamic containing a disaccharide N-acetyl-d-glucosamine (NAG) and N-acetylmuramic acid (NAM) and linked by β-1,4-glycosidic linkage (GlcNAc-(β1–4)-MurNAc) and pentapeptide. The PGN not only protects the bacterial cells against mechanical or physical damages but also hosts numerous structural and functional proteins for rigid exoskeleton and for functional attributes such as bacterial pathogenesis and induction of host immune response. The Gram-negative cell envelope consists of the outer membrane (OM) which carries LPS (an endotoxin), a thin PGN layer, and a cytoplasmic membrane. Due to the presence of OM, the protein secretion system in Gram-negative bacteria is mediated by several secretory pathways designated as type I–VI secretory pathways, of which type III secretion system is known as the molecular syringe that delivers bacterial virulence proteins directly to the interior of the host cell. Some bacteria produce endospores, which are essentially a long-term survival strategy for the bacteria.

Arun K. Bhunia

Papers

Look what's coming down the road: potential foodborne pathogens.

Stress responses of foodborne pathogens, with specific reference to the switching on of such responses.

Biosensor-based detection of foodborne pathogens.

Salmonella in pork, beef, poultry, and egg.

Biology of Microbial Pathogens