The role of short-chain fatty acids in the interplay between diet, gut microbiota, and host energy metabolism

The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics A Textbook of Pharmacology, Toxicology and Therapeutics for Physicians and Medical Students. By Prof. Louis Goodman and Prof. Alfred Gilman. Pp. xiii + 1383. (New York: The Macmillan Company, 1941.) 50s. net.

The Pharmacological Basis of Therapeutics

The importance of the gut-brain axis in maintaining homeostasis has long been appreciated. However, the past 15 yr have seen the emergence of the microbiota (the trillions of microorganisms within ...

The Microbiota-Gut-Brain Axis

Successful adoptive transfer and in vivo expansion of human haploidentical NK cells in patients with cancer.

Introduction: The American Thyroid Association appointed a Task Force of experts to revise the original Medullary Thyroid Carcinoma: Management Guidelines of the American Thyroid Association. Methods: The Task Force identified relevant articles using a systematic PubMed search, supplemented with additional published materials, and then created evidence-based recommendations, which were set in categories using criteria adapted from the United States Preventive Services Task Force Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. The original guidelines provided abundant source material and an excellent organizational structure that served as the basis for the current revised document. Results: The revised guidelines are focused primarily on the diagnosis and treatment of patients with sporadic medullary thyroid carcinoma (MTC) and hereditary MTC. Conclusions: The Task Force developed 67 evidence-based recommendations to assist clinicians in the care of patients with MTC. The Task Force considers the recommendati...

/pdf/revised-american-thyroid-association-guidelines-for-the-2lbm9jji5g.pdf

Revised American thyroid association guidelines for the management of medullary thyroid carcinoma

Provided are a knock-out mouse, a method of screening a material suppressing mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, and a method of selecting a technique for suppressing mesial temporal lobe epilepsy. This knock-out mouse is a mouse, which is 30 days old or more, has lost the function of the Gridin gene at least in the nervous tissue, and also exhibits the phenotypes of (1), (2) and (3) below. (1) Hippocampal sclerosis should be exhibited. (2) Brain damage other than hippocampus should be limited. (3) Auto epilepsy which may be derived from hippocampus should be exhibited.

Knock-out mouse, method of screening material suppressing mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, and method of selecting technique for suppressing mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

An object of the present invention is to provide a novel marker that can be used to predict the effect of anti-PD-1 antibody/anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy with high sensitivity, and use thereof. Provided is a biomarker for predicting the effect of anti-PD-1 antibody/anti-PD-L1 antibody therapy, including an immunoglobulin superfamily containing leucine-rich repeat (ISLR).

Biomarker for predicting effects of anti-pd-1 antibody/anti-pd-l1 antibody therapy

Cancer-associated ﬁ broblasts (CAFs) are an integral component of the tumor microenvironment (TME). Most CAFs shape the TME toward an immunosuppressive milieu and attenuate the ef ﬁ cacy of immune checkpoint blockade (ICB) therapy. However, the detailed mechanism of how heterogeneous CAFs regulate tumor response to ICB therapy has not been de ﬁ ned. Here, we show that a recently de ﬁ ned CAF subset characterized by the expression of Me ﬂ in, a glycosylphosphatidylinositol-anchored protein marker of mesenchymal stromal/stem cells, is associated with survival and favorable therapeutic response to ICB monotherapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). The prevalence of Me ﬂ in-positive CAFs was positively correlated with CD4-positive T-cell in ﬁ ltration and vascularization within non-small cell lung cancer tumors. Me ﬂ in de ﬁ ciency and CAF-speci ﬁ c Me ﬂ in over-expression resulted in defective and enhanced ICB therapy responses in syngeneic tumors in mice, respectively. These ﬁ ndings suggest the presence of a CAF subset that promotes ICB therapy ef ﬁ cacy, which adds to our understanding of CAF functions and heterogeneity. in tumor stroma correlated with a favorable response to ICB therapy in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and mousesyngeneictumormodels.NSCLC tumorswitha high numberof Me ﬂ in + CAFs exhibited increased CD4 + T-cell in ﬁ ltration and areas of tumor vessels,suggesting the involvement of Me ﬂ in + CAFs inmultiple aspects of the TME. To our knowledge, this is the ﬁ rst study revealing the presence of CAFs that enhance the response to ICB therapy.

Atsushi Enomoto

Papers

Knock-out mouse, method of screening material suppressing mesial temporal lobe epilepsy, and method of selecting technique for suppressing mesial temporal lobe epilepsy

Biomarker for predicting effects of anti-pd-1 antibody/anti-pd-l1 antibody therapy

Me ﬂ in-positive cancer-associated ﬁ broblasts enhance tumor response to immune checkpoint blockade

iPSC: THE IPS DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS AMELIORATED LIVER FIBROSIS AND LIVER FATTY DEPOSITION IN NAFLD/MAFLD-RELATED CIRRHOTIC MICE

Transporteur d'urate specifique du rein et gene associe