B. L. Nyomba

TL;DR: It is concluded that in Pima Indians fed a standard diet 1) family membership is the principal determinant of the ratio of fat to carbohydrate oxidation, and 2) a low ratio of fats to carbohydrates is associated with subsequent weight gain independent of low energy expenditure and may contribute to the familial aggregation of obesity.

TL;DR: The data show that impaired glucose tolerance in the study population is primarily due to impaired insulin action, and relative insulin deficiency first appears at the lower end of the second (diabetic) mode seen in population frequency distributions of plasma glucose concentrations.

TL;DR: The relations between insulinemia, insulin resistance, and blood pressure differ among racial groups and may be mediated by mechanisms active in whites, but not in Pima Indians or blacks.

TL;DR: It is concluded that insulin resistance is associated with a reduced risk of weight gain in nondiabetic Pima Indians.

TL;DR: The data argue against low or delayed insulin secretion as primary factors leading to NIDDM in Pima Indians and favor insulin resistance as the underlying and initiating cause of the disease.