다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

The Analysis of Variance.

Thermophysical Properties Research Literature Retrieval Guide Edited by Y. S. Touloukian, J. K. Gerritsen and N. Y. Moore Second edition, revised and expanded. Book 1: Pp. xxi + 819. Book 2: Pp.621. Book 3: Pp. ix + 1315. (New York: Plenum Press, 1967.) n.p.

/pdf/heat-and-mass-transfer-1yaijfx8vp.pdf

Heat and Mass Transfer

Computational Fluid Dynamics: Principles and Applications, Third Edition presents students, engineers, and scientists with all they need to gain a solid understanding of the numerical methods and principles underlying modern computation techniques in fluid dynamics By providing complete coverage of the essential knowledge required in order to write codes or understand commercial codes, the book gives the reader an overview of fundamentals and solution strategies in the early chapters before moving on to cover the details of different solution techniques

	This updated edition includes new worked programming examples, expanded coverage and recent literature regarding incompressible flows, the Discontinuous Galerkin Method, the Lattice Boltzmann Method, higher-order spatial schemes, implicit Runge-Kutta methods and parallelization

	An accompanying companion website contains the sources of 1-D and 2-D Euler and Navier-Stokes flow solvers (structured and unstructured) and grid generators, along with tools for Von Neumann stability analysis of 1-D model equations and examples of various parallelization techniques



	
		Will provide you with the knowledge required to develop and understand modern flow simulation codes
	
		Features new worked programming examples and expanded coverage of incompressible flows, implicit Runge-Kutta methods and code parallelization, among other topics
	
		Includes accompanying companion website that contains the sources of 1-D and 2-D flow solvers as well as grid generators and examples of parallelization techniques

Computational Fluid Dynamics: Principles and Applications Ed. 3

The aim of this paper is to analyse the application of the Peatross–Beyler (P&B) correlation (Fire and safety science—Proceedings of the fifth international symposium, 1997) to calculate the Mass loss rate (MLR) for a pool fire in a confined and ventilated enclosure for a range of conditions.
The experimental references considered are the PRISME-SI-D1, D2 and D6 tests (Pretrel et al. in 9th International seminar on fire safety in nuclear power plants and installations, 2005), conducted by the Institut de Radioprotection et de Surete Nucleaire.
The dimensions of the enclosure used in the experiment are 5 m in length, 6 m in width and 4 m in height. A pool fire, $$0.4\,\hbox {m}^2$$
 hydrogenated tetrapropylene (TPH, $$\hbox {C}_{12}\hbox {H}_{26}$$
 ), is located in the center of the room. The compartment is connected to the outside through an inlet and outlet. The P&B correlation is implemented as a boundary condition in computational fluid dynamics calculations. The MLR outcome depends on the average $$\hbox {O}_2$$
 concentration in a predefined volume and the characteristics of the fuel. The influence of the size and location of the predefined volume, the ventilation branch position (at 1 m and 3.65 m from the floor) and the Renewal Rate (
 $$R_r$$
 ) (
 $$4.7\,\hbox {h}^{-1}$$
 and $$8.4\,\hbox {h}^{-1}$$
 ) are studied. Two types of $$\hbox {O}_2$$
 predefined volumes have been tested: layer and ring. The layer volume is located in the low part of the compartment, the base of the volume spanning the compartment floor. The ring is a volume around the pit. It is assumed for both approaches that the measured $$\hbox {O}_2$$
 is representative of the available oxygen for the flame. The P&B boundary condition predicts the influence of the vitiation on the MLR. Other methods, such as imposing the MLR expected in open condition, overpredict the amount of injected fuel. The results show that the P&B correlation provides good agreement with the experimental data. The deviation between experimental data and numerical prediction for the average MLR in the best case is −5.0% with absolute values of 0.004 kg/s and 0.0038 kg/s for the experiment and the simulation respectively for case PRS-SI-D1. The MLR calculation is influenced by the position of the ventilation opening and the $$R_r$$
 . The temperature and $$\hbox {O}_2$$
 concentration profiles are significantly influenced by the ventilation configuration. These differences are related to the transport of the injected air from the inlet to the floor by density difference.

CFD Simulations of Pool Fires in a Confined and Ventilated Enclosure Using the Peatross–Beyler Correlation to Calculate the Mass Loss Rate

https://biblio.ugent.be/publication/8557642/file/8557648.pdf

Numerical modelling of the interaction between water sprays and hot air jets - Part I: Gas phase Large Eddy Simulations

The influence of computational aspects on simulation results is quantitatively investigated for the specific case of a turbulent piloted jet diffusion flame (Sandia Flame D). It is illustrated that, with a fixed turbulence and chemistry model, the results can heavily depend on the numerical aspects. The influence of inlet boundary conditions has already been discussed in an earlier paper. In this work, attention is focused onto the order of accuracy of the spatial discretization in the numerical scheme and onto the position of the outlet boundary. It is stressed that the purpose is not to judge the quality of the applied models, but to illustrate the possible impact of numerical influence factors. The conclusion is a warning message and a demonstration that all numerical aspects must be completely described when calculation results are presented.

Influence of computational aspects on simulations of a turbulent jet diffusion flame

Positive pressure ventilation (PPV) fans are widely used by the fire service during firefighting operations in buildings. Fans are positioned to create a flow through the enclosure. This flow can remove the smoke after the fire or affect the direction of the smoke to support firefighting operations. In subway stations, it is less common to use PPV fans. Here, 106 full-scale tests with up to four fans have been performed in a training building that represents a subway station. The fans were used as extraction fans. The generated flow through the subway station has been measured. The critical velocity for a hypothetical tunnel (W × H: 3.17 × 4.15 m) attached to the subway station has been calculated as 2.37 m/s. Reaching the critical velocity has been used as criterion for ‘success’. All combinations with four fans exceed this velocity, supporting the idea that the fans could be used to facilitate a firefighting operation. The location of the fans was varied. Combinations with three fans on the platform and one at the top of the staircase performed better than combinations with two fans on the platform, one on the landing and one at the top of the staircase. There is an optimum value for the distance between the fans on the platform and the first step of the staircase. This value depends on the angle of inclination of the fans. The fans were not capable of creating a flow that exceeded the critical velocity in the station itself (L × W × H: 60 × 7.15 × 4.53 m). However, a velocity of 2.40 m/s corresponds to a flow rate that will limit the backlayering distance in the station to 15 m. This was only achieved by tests with four fans (three on the platform and one at the top of the staircase).

/pdf/the-use-of-positive-pressure-ventilation-fans-during-1u9b2vib5x.pdf

The Use of Positive Pressure Ventilation Fans During Firefighting Operations in Underground Stations: An Experimental Study

Fire is one of the leading hazards affecting everyday life around the world. The sooner the fire is detected, the better the chances are for survival. Today's fire alarm systems, such as video-based smoke detectors, however, still pose many problems. In order to accom- plish more accurate video-based smoke detection and to reduce false alarms, this paper proposes a multi-sensor smoke detector which takes advantage of the different kinds of information represented by visual and thermal imaging sensors. The detector analyzes the silhouette coverage of moving objects in visual and long-wave infrared registered (∼aligned) images. The registration is performed using a contour mapping algorithm which detects the rotation, scale and translation between moving objects in the multi-spectral images. The geometric parameters found at this stage are then further used to coarsely map the silhouette images and cov- erage between them is calculated. Since smoke is invisible in long-wave infrared its silhouette will, contrarily to ordinary moving objects, only be detected in visual images. As such,

Bart Merci

Papers

CFD Simulations of Pool Fires in a Confined and Ventilated Enclosure Using the Peatross–Beyler Correlation to Calculate the Mass Loss Rate

Numerical modelling of the interaction between water sprays and hot air jets - Part I: Gas phase Large Eddy Simulations

Influence of computational aspects on simulations of a turbulent jet diffusion flame

The Use of Positive Pressure Ventilation Fans During Firefighting Operations in Underground Stations: An Experimental Study

Coverage analysis of moving object silhouettes in thermal and visual registered images