다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

The Analysis of Variance.

Thermophysical Properties Research Literature Retrieval Guide Edited by Y. S. Touloukian, J. K. Gerritsen and N. Y. Moore Second edition, revised and expanded. Book 1: Pp. xxi + 819. Book 2: Pp.621. Book 3: Pp. ix + 1315. (New York: Plenum Press, 1967.) n.p.

/pdf/heat-and-mass-transfer-1yaijfx8vp.pdf

Heat and Mass Transfer

Computational Fluid Dynamics: Principles and Applications, Third Edition presents students, engineers, and scientists with all they need to gain a solid understanding of the numerical methods and principles underlying modern computation techniques in fluid dynamics By providing complete coverage of the essential knowledge required in order to write codes or understand commercial codes, the book gives the reader an overview of fundamentals and solution strategies in the early chapters before moving on to cover the details of different solution techniques

	This updated edition includes new worked programming examples, expanded coverage and recent literature regarding incompressible flows, the Discontinuous Galerkin Method, the Lattice Boltzmann Method, higher-order spatial schemes, implicit Runge-Kutta methods and parallelization

	An accompanying companion website contains the sources of 1-D and 2-D Euler and Navier-Stokes flow solvers (structured and unstructured) and grid generators, along with tools for Von Neumann stability analysis of 1-D model equations and examples of various parallelization techniques



	
		Will provide you with the knowledge required to develop and understand modern flow simulation codes
	
		Features new worked programming examples and expanded coverage of incompressible flows, implicit Runge-Kutta methods and code parallelization, among other topics
	
		Includes accompanying companion website that contains the sources of 1-D and 2-D flow solvers as well as grid generators and examples of parallelization techniques

Computational Fluid Dynamics: Principles and Applications Ed. 3

Numerical simulation results are presented for 'Delft Flame III', a piloted jet diffusion flame with strong turbulence-chemistry interaction. While pilot flames emerge from 12 separate holes in the experiments, the simulations are performed on a rectangular grid, under the assump- tion of axisymmetry. In the first part of the paper, flow and mixing field results are presented with a non-linear first order k-e model, with the transport equation for e based on a modeled enstro- phy transport equation, for cold and reactive flows. For the latter, the turbulence model is applied in combination with pre-assumed β-PDF modeling for the turbulence-chemistry interaction. The mixture fraction serves as conserved scalar. Two chemistry models are considered: chemical equilib- rium and a steady laminar flamelet model. The importance of the turbulence model is highlighted. The influence of the chemistry model is noticeable too. A procedure is described to construct ap- propriate inlet boundary conditions. Still, the generation of accurate inlet boundary conditions is shown to be far less important, their effect being local, close to the nozzle exit. In the second part of the paper, results are presented with the transported scalar PDF approach as turbulence- chemistry interaction model. A C1 skeletal scheme serves as chemistry model, while the EMST method is applied as micro-mixing model. For the transported PDF simulations, the model for the pilot flames, as an energy source term in the mean enthalpy transport equation, is important with respect to the accuracy of the flow field predictions. It is explained that the strong influence on the flow and mixing field is through the turbulent shear stress force in the region, close to the nozzle exit. Ke yw ords: transported PDF, non-linear k-epsilon model, Delft Fame III, turbulent non-premixed combustion

Flow and Mixing Fields for Transported Scalar PDF Simulations of a Piloted Jet Diffusion Flame

Thermal blockage by a water curtain to prevent heat and smoke spread from a fire compartment to an adjacent one is studied numerically using a Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) code, namely the Fire Dynamics Simulator (FDS5). A two-room compartment connected by an open door is simulated. A 165kW pool fire is set up in the fire room. A water curtain is placed near the opening. A sensitivity analysis is performed on the grid size, diameter of droplets, density of droplets introduced in the computational domain and thickness of the curtain. Temperature and average radiative heat flux in the protected compartment are studied. The results of numerical calculations show that the water curtain can be a useful tool for compartmentation in the sense of thermal blockage. As expected, finer droplets are shown to be more efficient. Neither the number of droplets per second introduced in the computational domain, nor the thickness of the curtain (modified by changing the bounds of the solid angle), have a noticeable influence on the thermal blockage. The numerical results are compared against available experimental data.

/pdf/parameter-study-in-cfd-simulations-of-thermal-blockage-by-a-4sepm1o6sv.pdf

Parameter study in CFD simulations of thermal blockage by a water curtain in a multi-compartment fire configuration

Numerical CFD simulation results are presented for well-ventilated fires in horizontal tunnels. Simulations are performed in the framework of steady Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes modelling. As a turbulence model, a ‘realisable’ k-e model is applied. Both the simple and generalised gradient diffusion hypotheses are compared as models for the buoyancy production of turbulent kinetic energy. Within the framework of the conserved scalar approach (with the mixture fraction as conserved scalar), with pre-assumed β-PDF modelling for the turbulence-chemistry interaction, 2 combustion models are compared as well: a steady laminar flamelet model with a constant strain rate and the full chemical equilibrium model. The simple and the generalised gradient diffusion approach for buoyancy modelling give similar results for the global flow field. However, large differences are visible in the region of smoke reversal. This is important with respect to the prediction of the critical ventilation velocity, an important design parameter for tunnels that should be correctly predicted by numerical simulations. Details of the chemistry model have only a small influence on the prediction of the global flow field. Even for the quantitative determination of the critical ventilation velocity, the differences between the combustion models considered are small. The realisable k-e model, with the generalised gradient diffusion hypothesis for the buoyancy source term, gives satisfactory results for the prediction of the critical velocity, with both chemistry models applied.

https://journals.tubitak.gov.tr/engineering/issues/muh-06-30-3/muh-30-3-3-0606-3.pdf

Bart Merci

Papers

Flow and Mixing Fields for Transported Scalar PDF Simulations of a Piloted Jet Diffusion Flame

Parameter study in CFD simulations of thermal blockage by a water curtain in a multi-compartment fire configuration

Importance of Buoyancy and Chemistry Modelling in Steady RANS Simulations of Well-Ventilated Tunnel Fires

An efficient and universal numerical treatment of source terms in turbulence modelling.

Testing of k-e models in inert and reacting turbulent swirling flows