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Properties Of Concrete

Nanotechnology in concrete – A review

Use of recycled plastic in concrete: A review

One dimensional nanostructured materials

Graphene oxide (GO) is the product of chemical exfoliation of graphite. Due to its good dispersibility in water, high aspect ratio and excellent mechanical properties, GO is a potential candidate for use as nanoreinforcements in cement-based materials. In this paper, GO was used to enhance the mechanical properties of ordinary Portland cement paste. The introduction of 0.05 wt% GO can increase the GO-cement composite compressive strength by 15-33% and the flexural strength by 41-59%, respectively. Scanning electron microscope imaging of the GO-cement composite shows the high crack tortuosity, indicating that the two-dimensional GO sheet may form a barrier to crack propagation. Consequently, the GO-cement composite shows a broader stress-strain curve within the post-peak zone, leading to a less sudden failure. The addition of GO also increases the surface area of the GO-cement composite. This is attributed to increasing the production of calcium silicate hydrate. The results obtained in this investigation suggest that GO has potential for being used as nano-reinforcements in cement-based composite materials.

Mechanical properties and microstructure of a graphene oxide-cement composite

The present article investigates the mechanism behind the sulfate attack of the Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) and the Silica Fume (SF) based mortar exposed to the combined sulfate and chloride-rich solution. In this study, the control mortar sample was fabricated using OPC. Additionally, the silica fume based mortar composites were fabricated using SF replacing the 5, 10, and 15% of OPC. The 28 days cured control and silica fume based mortar samples were exposed to a sodium sulfate (5%) solution and a mixture of sodium sulfate (5%) and sodium chloride (3.5%) solution for 510 days to examine the deterioration of mortar samples by the sulfate attack. The results reveal that a less extent of deterioration takes place in the silica fume based mortar as compared to that of the OPC mortar exposed to both solutions. The retarded deterioration of silica fume based mortar is primarily governed by the formation of a less extent of expansive ettringite and gypsum due to the consumption of portlandite in producing secondary Calcium Silicate Hydrate (CSH). Based on the analytical analyses, a model has been proposed to explain the overall performances of the silica fume based cement mortar composites exposed to different aggressive environments.

Durability Study of Silica Fume-mortar exposed to the Combined Sulfate and Chloride-rich Solution

Since the cable anchorage zone in a prestressed concrete cable-stayed bridge is subjected to a large amount of concentrated tendon force, it shows very complicated stress distributions which can cause serious local cracks. Accordingly, it is necessary to investigate the parameters affecting the stress distribution, such as the cable inclination, the position of the anchor plate, the modeling method, and three-dimensional effects. The tensile stress distribution in the anchorage zone is compared to the actual design condition by varing the stiffness of spring elements in the local modeling, and an appropriate position for the anchor plate is determined. The results provide elementary data for the stress state in the anchorage zones and encourage more efficient designs.Key words: finite element analysis, bursting stress, spalling stress, cable anchorage zone, cable-stayed bridge.

Structural behavior of cable anchorage zones in prestressed concrete cable-stayed bridge

The discharge of fly ash that is produced by coal-fired electric power plants is rapidly increasing in Korea. The utilization of fly ash in the raw materials would contribute to the elimination of an environmental problem and to the development of new high-performance materials. So it is needed to study the binder obtained by chemically activation of pozzolanic materials by means of a substitute for the cement. Fly ash consists of a glass phase. As it is produced from high temperature, it is a chemically stable material. Fly ash mostly consists of , and it assumes the form of an oxide in the inside of fly ash. Because this reaction has not broken out by itself, it is need to supply it with additional through alkali activators. Alkali activators were used for supplying it with additional . This paper concentrated on the strength development according to the kind of chemical activators, the curing temperature, the heat curing time. Also, according to scanning electron microscopy and X-Ray diffraction, the main reaction product in the alkali activated fly ash mortar is Zeolite of type.

https://www.koreascience.kr:443/article/JAKO200625522712833.pdf

Strength Development and Hardening Mechanism of Alkali Activated Fly Ash Mortar

Prediction of the curing time to achieve maturity of the nano cement based concrete using the Weibull distribution model

We investigated the effects of hydrogen-rich water (HRW) on the strength and durability of Portland cement mortars. We comparatively assessed the performances of HRW-based mortars (HWMs) with respect to cement mortars fabricated from control water (CWM). The results indicate that the use of HRW significantly improves the compressive, flexural, and splitting tensile strength of mortars at both the early and later ages of curing. Durability was assessed in terms of capillary absorption, ultrasonic pulse velocity (UPV), dynamic elastic modulus (DEM), and electrical resistivity (ER). We attribute the generally improved mechanical and durability properties of HWMs to the formation of more cement hydrates with fewer voids in the hydrogen-rich environment. Based on X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and scanning electron microscope (SEM) analyses, we deduce that the use of HRW in Portland cement mortars produces a more compact, dense, and durable microstructure with fewer voids due to a higher degree of hydration.

/pdf/strength-and-durability-assessment-of-portland-cement-56ghgobxij.pdf

Byung-Wan Jo

Papers

Durability Study of Silica Fume-mortar exposed to the Combined Sulfate and Chloride-rich Solution

Structural behavior of cable anchorage zones in prestressed concrete cable-stayed bridge

Strength Development and Hardening Mechanism of Alkali Activated Fly Ash Mortar

Prediction of the curing time to achieve maturity of the nano cement based concrete using the Weibull distribution model

Strength and Durability Assessment of Portland Cement Mortars Formulated from Hydrogen-Rich Water