Showing papers by "Carl Erik Mogensen published in 2008"
University of Sydney1, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai2, University of Paris3, The Heart Research Institute4, University of Oxford5, University of Queensland6, Utrecht University7, Université de Montréal8, University of Melbourne9, University of Sheffield10, Aarhus University11, St Mary's Hospital12, University of Auckland13, University of Leicester14, The George Institute for Global Health15, Radboud University Nijmegen16
TL;DR: A strategy of intensive glucose control, involving gliclazide (modified release) and other drugs as required, that lowered the glycated hemoglobin value to 6.5% yielded a 10% relative reduction in the combined outcome of major macrovascular and microvascular events, primarily as a consequence of a 21%relative reduction in nephropathy.
Abstract: BACKGROUND: In patients with type 2 diabetes, the effects of intensive glucose control on vascular outcomes remain uncertain. METHODS: We randomly assigned 11,140 patients with type 2 diabetes to undergo either standard glucose control or intensive glucose control, defined as the use of gliclazide (modified release) plus other drugs as required to achieve a glycated hemoglobin value of 6.5% or less. Primary end points were composites of major macrovascular events (death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, or nonfatal stroke) and major microvascular events (new or worsening nephropathy or retinopathy), assessed both jointly and separately. RESULTS: After a median of 5 years of follow-up, the mean glycated hemoglobin level was lower in the intensive-control group (6.5%) than in the standard-control group (7.3%). Intensive control reduced the incidence of combined major macrovascular and microvascular events (18.1%, vs. 20.0% with standard control; hazard ratio, 0.90; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.82 to 0.98; P=0.01), as well as that of major microvascular events (9.4% vs. 10.9%; hazard ratio, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.77 to 0.97; P=0.01), primarily because of a reduction in the incidence of nephropathy (4.1% vs. 5.2%; hazard ratio, 0.79; 95% CI, 0.66 to 0.93; P=0.006), with no significant effect on retinopathy (P=0.50). There were no significant effects of the type of glucose control on major macrovascular events (hazard ratio with intensive control, 0.94; 95% CI, 0.84 to 1.06; P=0.32), death from cardiovascular causes (hazard ratio with intensive control, 0.88; 95% CI, 0.74 to 1.04; P=0.12), or death from any cause (hazard ratio with intensive control, 0.93; 95% CI, 0.83 to 1.06; P=0.28). Severe hypoglycemia, although uncommon, was more common in the intensive-control group (2.7%, vs. 1.5% in the standard-control group; hazard ratio, 1.86; 95% CI, 1.42 to 2.40; P<0.001). CONCLUSIONS: A strategy of intensive glucose control, involving gliclazide (modified release) and other drugs as required, that lowered the glycated hemoglobin value to 6.5% yielded a 10% relative reduction in the combined outcome of major macrovascular and microvascular events, primarily as a consequence of a 21% relative reduction in nephropathy. (ClinicalTrials.gov number, NCT00145925.)
6,477 citations
Journal Article•
TL;DR: Data from the LIFE-diabetes subgroup showed that levels of albuminuria well below what is usually defined as microalbuminuria, strongly predicted risk for cardiovascular complications, and so called normal values should be redefined.
Abstract: In type 2 diabetes the degree of albuminuria is strongly related to progression of diabetic renal disease, as well as to the risk for cardiovascular complications. If normoalbuminuria is maintained, the risk of diabetic nephropathy is very low. In individuals with microalbuminuria, the rate of decline in glomerular filtration rate is closely related to the degree of albuminuria, and regression to normoalbuminuria slows down the rate of decline in renal function. Data from the LIFE-diabetes subgroup showed that levels of albuminuria well below what is usually defined as microalbuminuria, strongly predicted risk for cardiovascular complications. This indicates that when albuminuria is used as a risk predictor for cardiovascular events, so called normal values should be redefined. Traditional values for normo-micro-macroalbuminuria are primarily defined as predictors for the risk of development of diabetic nephropathy. In the LIFE-diabetes subgroup we found that reduction in albuminuria was more pronounced in losartan-based as compared with atenolol-based treatment. The benefit in favor of losartan was partly related to its major influence on albuminuria. Individuals with the highest baseline values of albuminuria had the greatest benefit in terms of reduction in cardiovascular morbidity and mortality on losartan as compared with atenolol. The level of albuminuria during treatment was closely related to the risk for cardiovascular events. We conclude that tiny amounts of albuminuria, well below traditional levels for microalbuminuria, predict cardiovascular morbidity and mortality. Reduction in albuminuria during treatment translates to reduction in cardiovascular events. Monitoring of albuminuria should be an integrated part of management of hypertension in diabetic as well as nondiabetic patients.
45 citations
TL;DR: The need for more aggressive management strategies for patients with comorbid hypertension and type 2 diabetes, regardless of their baseline blood pressure, is suggested, including the early use of combination therapy with blockers of the renin–angiotensin system.
Abstract: Patients with comorbid hypertension and type 2 diabetes are common, have a greatly increased risk of premature cardiovascular and renal morbidity and mortality, and are likely to increase substantially in number over the next 10-15 years. We suggest the need for more aggressive management strategies for these patients, regardless of their baseline blood pressure, including the early use of combination therapy with blockers of the renin-angiotensin system.
10 citations