Chih-Ming Chen

Abstract: The morphological evolution of Sn-9wt.%Zn solder under electromigration at a current density of about 105 A/cm2 was examined. Sn extrusion was observed, suggesting that Sn is the dominant moving species under electromigration. In contrast, Zn appeared to be immobile. It was also found that the microstructure of the solder had a significant effect on the electromigration behavior. For the solder with fine Zn precipitates, the surface morphology of the solder was almost unchanged except for the formation of Sn extrusion sites at␣the anode side after electromigration. However, for the solder with coarse Zn precipitates, more Sn extrusion sites were observed, and they were located not only at the anode side but also within the solder. Coarse Zn precipitates appeared to block Sn migration, thus Sn migration was intercepted in front of the Zn precipitates. The Sn atoms accumulated there, which led to its extrusion. The blocking effect was found to depend strongly on the size and orientation of the Zn precipitates.

TL;DR: In this article, a co-silanization method is proposed to functionalize the polyimide (PI) surface for efficient metal immobilization and adhesion enhancement, which features the establishment of a barricade-like network structure by the assistant organosilane, trimethoxyphenylsilane (TMPS), to generate spatial confinement effect (SCE) to effectively control the positioning and grafting orientation.

TL;DR: In this paper, microstructural changes of the Sn-9 ¼wt.% Zn solder stripe under current stressing with a density of 105 ¼ A cm−2 at 80 −140 ¼ c for 240h were investigated.

TL;DR: The results revealed that the combination of WO3 nanomaterials and Cs2CO3/PCBM bilayer provides an effective solution for improving performances of PSCs.

TL;DR: A novel attention aware system capable of recognizing students' attention levels accurately based on EEG signals, thus having high potential to be applied in providing timely alert for conveying low-attention level feedback to online instructors in an e-learning environment.