Google Earth Engine: Planetary-scale geospatial analysis for everyone

We present YAGO, a light-weight and extensible ontology with high coverage and quality. YAGO builds on entities and relations and currently contains more than 1 million entities and 5 million facts. This includes the Is-A hierarchy as well as non-taxonomic relations between entities (such as HASONEPRIZE). The facts have been automatically extracted from Wikipedia and unified with WordNet, using a carefully designed combination of rule-based and heuristic methods described in this paper. The resulting knowledge base is a major step beyond WordNet: in quality by adding knowledge about individuals like persons, organizations, products, etc. with their semantic relationships - and in quantity by increasing the number of facts by more than an order of magnitude. Our empirical evaluation of fact correctness shows an accuracy of about 95%. YAGO is based on a logically clean model, which is decidable, extensible, and compatible with RDFS. Finally, we show how YAGO can be further extended by state-of-the-art information extraction techniques.

/pdf/yago-a-core-of-semantic-knowledge-13k3nmj6l2.pdf

Yago: a core of semantic knowledge

Social Network Analysis

The objective of this paper is to give a comprehensive introduction to applied cryptography with an engineer or computer scientist in mind. The emphasis is on the knowledge needed to create practical systems which supports integrity, confidentiality, or authenticity. Topics covered includes an introduction to the concepts in cryptography, attacks against cryptographic systems, key use and handling, random bit generation, encryption modes, and message authentication codes. Recommendations on algorithms and further reading is given in the end of the paper. This paper should make the reader able to build, understand and evaluate system descriptions and designs based on the cryptographic components described in the paper.

[서평]「Applied Cryptography」

The present report is submitted in response to General Assembly resolution 61/106, by which the Assembly adopted the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities and the Optional Protocol thereto. As requested by the Assembly, a brief overview of the status of the Convention as at 3 August 2007 is presented. The report also contains a brief description of technical arrangements on staff and facilities made necessary for the effective performance of the functions of the Conference of States Parties and the Committee under the Convention and the Optional Protocol, and a description on the progressive implementation of standards and guidelines for the accessibility of facilities and services of the United Nations system. Recent efforts of the United Nations and agencies to disseminate information on the Convention and the Optional Protocol are also described.

わかりやすい障害者の権利条約 : 知的障害のある人の権利のために = Convention on the rights of persons with disabilities

This document summarizes the proposals before the SQL3 committees to allow the addition of tables with valid-time and transactiontime support into SQL/Temporal, and explains how to use these facilities to migrate smoothly from a conventional relational system to one encompassing temporal support. Initially, important requirements to a tdiscussed. The proposal then describes the language additions necessary emporal system that may facilitate such a transition are motivated and to add valid-time support to SQL3 while fulfilling these requirements. The constructs of the language are divided into four levels, with each level adding increased temporal functionality to its predecessor. A prototype system implementing these constructs on top of a conventional DBMS is publicly available.

/pdf/transitioning-temporal-support-in-tsql2-to-sql3-3djisdph3l.pdf

Transitioning Temporal Support in TSQL2 to SQL3

A driver's choice of a route to a destination may depend on the route's length and travel time, but a multitude of other, possibly hard-to-formalize aspects, may also factor into the driver's decision. There is evidence that a driver's choice of route is context dependent, e.g., varies across time, and that route choice also varies from driver to driver. In contrast, conventional routing services support little in the way of context dependence, and they deliver the same routes to all drivers. We study how to identify context-aware driving preferences for individual drivers from historical trajectories, and thus how to provide foundations for personalized navigation, but also professional driver education and traffic planning. We provide techniques that are able to capture time-dependent and uncertain properties of dynamic travel costs, such as travel time and fuel consumption, from trajectories, and we provide techniques capable of capturing the driving behaviors of different drivers in terms of multiple dynamic travel costs. Further, we propose techniques that are able to identify a driver's contexts and then to identify driving preferences for each context using historical trajectories from the driver. Empirical studies with a large trajectory data set offer insight into the design properties of the proposed techniques and suggest that they are effective.

Toward personalized, context-aware routing

Indoor spaces accommodate large numbers of spatial objects, e.g., points of interest (POIs), and moving populations. A variety of services, e.g., location-based services and security control, are relevant to indoor spaces. Such services can be improved substantially if they are capable of utilizing indoor distances. However, existing indoor space models do not account well for indoor distances. To address this shortcoming, we propose a data management infrastructure that captures indoor distance and facilitates distance-aware query processing. In particular, we propose a distance-aware indoor space model that integrates indoor distance seamlessly. To enable the use of the model as a foundation for query processing, we develop accompanying, efficient algorithms that compute indoor distances for different indoor entities like doors as well as locations. We also propose an indexing framework that accommodates indoor distances that are pre-computed using the proposed algorithms. On top of this foundation, we develop efficient algorithms for typical indoor, distance-aware queries. The results of an extensive experimental evaluation demonstrate the efficacy of the proposals.

https://www.computer.org/csdl/pds/api/csdl/proceedings/download-article/12OmNCwUmBq/pdf

A Foundation for Efficient Indoor Distance-Aware Query Processing

Reduction in greenhouse gas emissions from transportation is essential in combating global warming and climate change. Eco-routing enables drivers to use the most eco-friendly routes and is effective in reducing vehicle emissions. The EcoTour system assigns eco-weights to a road network based on GPS and fuel consumption data collected from vehicles to enable ecorouting. Given an arbitrary source-destination pair in Denmark, EcoTour returns the shortest route, the fastest route, and the eco-route, along with statistics for the three routes. EcoTour also serves as a testbed for exploring advanced solutions to a range of challenges related to eco-routing.

EcoTour: Reducing the Environmental Footprint of Vehicles Using Eco-routes

The reduction of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from transportation is essential for achieving politically agreed upon emissions reduction targets that aim to combat global climate change. So-called eco-routing and eco-driving are able to substantially reduce GHG emissions caused by vehicular transportation. To enable these, it is necessary to be able to reliably quantify the emissions of vehicles as they travel in a spatial network. Thus, a number of models have been proposed that aim to quantify the emissions of a vehicle based on GPS data from the vehicle and a 3D model of the spatial network the vehicle travels in. We develop an evaluation framework, called EcoMark, for such environmental impact models. In addition, we survey all eleven state-of-the-art impact models known to us. To gain insight into the capabilities of the models and to understand the effectiveness of the EcoMark, we apply the framework to all models.

https://www.iith.ac.in/~mkaul/papers/p269-guo.pdf

Christian S. Jensen

Papers

Transitioning Temporal Support in TSQL2 to SQL3

Toward personalized, context-aware routing

A Foundation for Efficient Indoor Distance-Aware Query Processing

EcoTour: Reducing the Environmental Footprint of Vehicles Using Eco-routes

EcoMark: evaluating models of vehicular environmental impact