Deposits of clastic carbonate-dominated (calciclastic) sedimentary slope systems in the rock record have been identified mostly as linearly-consistent carbonate apron deposits, even though most ancient clastic carbonate slope deposits fit the submarine fan systems better. Calciclastic submarine fans are consequently rarely described and are poorly understood. Subsequently, very little is known especially in mud-dominated calciclastic submarine fan systems. Presented in this study are a sedimentological core and petrographic characterisation of samples from eleven boreholes from the Lower Carboniferous of Bowland Basin (Northwest England) that reveals a >250 m thick calciturbidite complex deposited in a calciclastic submarine fan setting. Seven facies are recognised from core and thin section characterisation and are grouped into three carbonate turbidite sequences. They include: 1) Calciturbidites, comprising mostly of highto low-density, wavy-laminated bioclast-rich facies; 2) low-density densite mudstones which are characterised by planar laminated and unlaminated muddominated facies; and 3) Calcidebrites which are muddy or hyper-concentrated debrisflow deposits occurring as poorly-sorted, chaotic, mud-supported floatstones. These

Phd by thesis

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are produced as a normal product of plant cellular metabolism. Various environmental stresses lead to excessive production of ROS causing progressive oxidative damage and ultimately cell death. Despite their destructive activity, they are well-described second messengers in a variety of cellular processes, including conferment of tolerance to various environmental stresses. Whether ROS would serve as signaling molecules or could cause oxidative damage to the tissues depends on the delicate equilibrium between ROS production, and their scavenging. Efficient scavenging of ROS produced during various environmental stresses requires the action of several nonenzymatic as well as enzymatic antioxidants present in the tissues. In this paper, we describe the generation, sites of production and role of ROS as messenger molecules as well as inducers of oxidative damage. Further, the antioxidative defense mechanisms operating in the cells for scavenging of ROS overproduced under various stressful conditions of the environment have been discussed in detail.

https://downloads.hindawi.com/archive/2012/217037.pdf

Reactive Oxygen Species, Oxidative Damage, and Antioxidative Defense Mechanism in Plants under Stressful Conditions

to be done in this area. Face recognition is a problem that scarcely clamoured for attention before the computer age but, having surfaced, has involved a wide range of techniques and has attracted the attention of some fine minds (David Mumford was a Fields Medallist in 1974). This singular application of mathematical modelling to a messy applied problem of obvious utility and importance but with no unique solution is a pretty one to share with students: perhaps, returning to the source of our opening quotation, we may invert Duncan's earlier observation, 'There is an art to find the mind's construction in the face!'.

Linear and nonlinear waves, by G. B. Whitham. Pp.636. £50. 1999. ISBN 0 471 35942 4 (Wiley).

Seed dormancy is an innate seed property that defines the environmental conditions in which the seed is able to germinate. It is determined by genetics with a substantial environmental influence which is mediated, at least in part, by the plant hormones abscisic acid and gibberellins. Not only is the dormancy status influenced by the seed maturation environment, it is also continuously changing with time following shedding in a manner determined by the ambient environment. As dormancy is present throughout the higher plants in all major climatic regions, adaptation has resulted in divergent responses to the environment. Through this adaptation, germination is timed to avoid unfavourable weather for subsequent plant establishment and reproductive growth. In this review, we present an integrated view of the evolution, molecular genetics, physiology, biochemistry, ecology and modelling of seed dormancy mechanisms and their control of germination. We argue that adaptation has taken place on a theme rather than via fundamentally different paths and identify similarities underlying the extensive diversity in the dormancy response to the environment that controls germination.

/pdf/seed-dormancy-and-the-control-of-germination-4tdhm2985s.pdf

Seed dormancy and the control of germination

Reactive oxygen species

Changes in wheat seed germination ability, soluble carbohydrate and antioxidant enzyme activities in the embryo during the desiccation phase of maturation

LES of a High Reynolds, High Subsonic Jet: Effects of the Inflow Conditions on Flow and Noise

Glutathione redox state, tocochromanols, fatty acids, antioxidant enzymes and protein carbonylation in sunflower seed embryos associated with after-ripening and ageing

The effects of moderate Reynolds numbers on the flow and acoustic fields of initially highly disturbed isothermal round jets at Mach number M = 0.9 and diameter-based Reynolds numbers Re D between 2.5 × 104 and 2 × 105 are investigated using large-eddy simulation under carefully controlled conditions. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study of its kind. The jets originate at z = 0 from a pipe nozzle of radius r 0, in which a tripping procedure is applied to the boundary layers. At the nozzle exit, laminar-like mean velocity profiles of thickness δ ≃ 0.15r 0 and momentum thickness δθ ≃ 0.018r 0, yielding Reynolds numbers Reθ varying from 256 to 1856 depending on Re D , and peak turbulence intensities around 9% of the jet velocity, are thus obtained. As the Reynolds number increases, the mixing layers develop more slowly, with smaller integral length scales and lower levels of velocity fluctuations. The axial profiles of turbulence intensities become smoother, showing a clear overshoot around z = 2r 0 at Re D = 2.5 × 104, but a monotonical growth at Re D = 2 × 105. Velocity spectra downstream of the nozzle exit also broaden with Re D , as expected. Large-scale components usually observed in turbulent boundary layers and shear layers, characterized by Strouhal numbers Stθ ≃ 0.013 around z = r 0 and by azimuthal spacings λθ ≃ δ, remain dominant, although the contribution of fine-scale structures with λθ ⩽ δ/2 strengthens. Moreover, with rising Re D , the jet potential core lengthens slightly, but the flow properties do not change significantly farther downstream. Finally, lower sound pressure levels are generated, with a decrease of about 2 dB over the range of Re D considered.

/pdf/effects-of-moderate-reynolds-numbers-on-subsonic-round-jets-51nnsjjkmp.pdf

Effects of moderate Reynolds numbers on subsonic round jets with highly disturbed nozzle-exit boundary layers

The needs for accurate and efficient numerical solvers in computational aeroacoustics have motivated the development of low-dispersion and low-dissipation schemes as an alternative to more classical methods of applied mathematics for computational fluid mechanics over the last two decades. These numerical methods have now reached maturity, even if progress is still necessary to take account of specific physics. The paper provides a short overview of some recent developments and applications involving the direct computation of aerodynamic noise with applications to subsonic and supersonic jet noise, to cavity noise and to self-excited internal flows.

/pdf/progress-in-direct-noise-computation-41zzfb11dy.pdf

Christophe Bailly

Papers

Changes in wheat seed germination ability, soluble carbohydrate and antioxidant enzyme activities in the embryo during the desiccation phase of maturation

LES of a High Reynolds, High Subsonic Jet: Effects of the Inflow Conditions on Flow and Noise

Glutathione redox state, tocochromanols, fatty acids, antioxidant enzymes and protein carbonylation in sunflower seed embryos associated with after-ripening and ageing

Effects of moderate Reynolds numbers on subsonic round jets with highly disturbed nozzle-exit boundary layers

Progress in Direct Noise Computation