Congcong Huang

TL;DR: The present results provide experimental evidence that the extreme differences anticipated in the hydrogen-bonding environment in the deeply supercooled regime surprisingly remain in bulk water even at conditions ranging from ambient up to close to the boiling point.

TL;DR: Four recent x-ray diffraction measurements of ambient liquid water are reviewed here and the extended Q-range and low statistical noise of these measurements has significantly reduced truncation effects and related errors in the g(OO)(r) functions obtained.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated that femtosecond X-ray laser pulses can be used to probe the structure of liquid water in micrometre-sized droplets that have been evaporatively cooled below TH, and experimental evidence is found for the existence of metastable bulk liquid water down to temperatures of kelvin in the previously largely unexplored no man’s land.

TL;DR: From the form factors extracted from the SAXS data, it is found that Mg(2+) and Al(3+) have, respectively, an equivalent of one and one and a half stable hydration shells that appear as a density contrast.

TL;DR: An analysis of ice nucleation kinetics from near-ambient pressure water as temperature decreases below the homogeneous limit TH by cooling micrometer-sized droplets (microdroplets) evaporatively at 103–104 K/s and probing the structure ultrafast using femtosecond pulses from the Linac Coherent Light Source free-electron X-ray laser.