Water pollution caused by heavy metal ions is becoming a serious threat to human and aquatic lives day by day. Therefore, the treatment of heavy metal ions is of special concern for environmental scientists and engineers. Historically, various methods, such as physical and chemical precipitation, ion-exchange, reverse osmosis, membrane filtration, electrochemical treatment, solvent extraction, and adsorption, have been widely studied for the removal of these metal ions from aqueous/wastewater. However, over the past few decades, conducting polymer-based adsorbents have received considerable attention owing to their potential applications for different heavy metal ions especially Cr(VI), Zn(II), and Pb(II). Among the various conducting polymers, polypyrrole (PPy) based adsorbents play a major role for the removal of various heavy metal ions due to their ease of synthesis, biocompatibility and redox properties. The current review has mainly focused on the physico-chemical properties, adsorption characteristics and mechanism of different polypyrrole-based adsorbents, including PPy/biosorbents, PPy/Fe3O4 nanocomposites, PPy–polyaniline nanofibers, PPy–graphene nanocomposites, exfoliated PPy-organically modified clay nanocomposites, and hierarchical porous PPy-nanoclusters, as well as their applications towards the removal of heavy metal ions.

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The removal of heavy metal ions from wastewater/aqueous solution using polypyrrole-based adsorbents: a review

High-efficiency electrochemical degradation of phenol in aqueous solutions using Ni-PPy and Cu-PPy composite materials.

High-efficiency electrochemical degradation of phenol in aqueous solutions using Ni-PPy and Cu-PPy composite materials

Biosorption of heavy metals by microorganisms: Evaluation of different underlying mechanisms.

Polypyrrole coated oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes (oMWCNT/Ppy) were applied to determine the adsorption characteristics of Pb(II) and Cu(II) from their aqueous solutions. Structural and morp...

Efficient adsorption of lead (II) and copper (II) from aqueous phase using oxidized multiwalled carbon nanotubes/polypyrrole composite

In this work, electroactive polypyrrole (PPy) particles obtained by oxidative polymerization of pyrrole in acetonitrile were used to remove cadmium and cobalt ions from aqueous solutions. FTIR, cyclic voltammetry (CV), X-ray diffraction (XRD), atomic force microscopy (AFM) and conductivity measurements were applied to analyze cadmium and cobalt interaction with the synthesized polymer. Kinetic data were properly fitted with the pseudo-first-order kinetic model. The equilibrium data fitted very well to the Langmuir model with a maximum monolayer capacity of 71.4 and 70.04 mg/g, respectively for cadmium(II) and cobalt(II) ions. The metals uptake increases with an increase in solution temperature. Indeed we noted that, the polypyrrole particles plays two beneficial roles: (1) to remove heavy metals from aqueous solutions and (2) this latter served as doping agent for the polypyrrole particles.

Removal of Cd(II) and Co(II) ions from aqueous solutions by polypyrrole particles: Kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics

This work reports on the preparation of an electrode material based on polyaniline (PAni) thin film, with an average thickness of 100 nm, containing copper (Cu) microparticles dispersed on its surface. The prepared electrode material was employed as a sensor for glucose determination in alkaline medium. A two-step electrochemical process was used to synthesize the Cu–PAni composite films: First, PAni layer was deposited on indium tin oxide (ITO) substrate from an organic solution of the aniline under potensiostaic conditions. Secondly, Cu particles were electrodeposited on PAni/ITO surface from a separate aqueous solution by chronoamperometry technique. The morphology analysis of the Cu–PAni composites shows that the copper particles are visible like stars uniformly dispersed over the polymer surface. XRD patterns shows that the PAni film is amorphous whereas copper is polycrystalline. Examined by cyclic voltammetry and chronoamperometry techniques, the response to glucose of the Cu–PAni/ITO electrode shows good performance in 0.1 M NaOH solution.

Enzyme-Free Glucose Sensor Based on Star-Like Copper Particles-Polyaniline Composite Film

Synthesis and characterization of ferromagnetic polyaniline-cobalt chloride composite through in situ oxidative polymerization technique

The objective of this study was to extract, characterize, and examine the antibacterial properties of orange essential oil obtained from citrus sinensis peels, using hydro-distillation method. Various components of the orange oil were characterized by FTIR, UV-Vis and GC- MS spectroscopic techniques. The extracted essential oil was conformed to AFNOR standards, and had a maximum yield of 3.4% (w/w). The obtained results showed that limonene was the major bioactive components of the orange essential oil (97.14%). The essential orange oil and its dilutions in DMSO showed an excellent antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus (gram-positive bacteria) with a diameter of inhibition zone superior to 40 mm. However, it was ineffective antibacterial activity against Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aerogenes (gram negative bacteria).

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Dalila Chouder

Papers

High-efficiency electrochemical degradation of phenol in aqueous solutions using Ni-PPy and Cu-PPy composite materials.

Removal of Cd(II) and Co(II) ions from aqueous solutions by polypyrrole particles: Kinetics, equilibrium and thermodynamics

Enzyme-Free Glucose Sensor Based on Star-Like Copper Particles-Polyaniline Composite Film

Synthesis and characterization of ferromagnetic polyaniline-cobalt chloride composite through in situ oxidative polymerization technique

Valorization of citrus sinensis wastes for the production of orange essential oil: identification of chemical composition and antibacterial activity