Hydrogen storage alloys are of particular interest as a novel group in functional materials owing to their potential and practical applications in Ni/MH rechargeable batteries. This review is devoted to the specific alloy families developed for high-energy and high-power Ni/MH batteries in the last decades, especially for EV, HEV and PHEV applications. The scope of the work encompasses principles of Ni/MH batteries, electrochemical hydrogen storage thermodynamics and kinetics, prerequisites for hydrogen storage electrode alloys and recent advances in hydrogen storage electrode alloys. Rare earth AB5-type alloys, Ti- and Zr-based AB2-type alloys, Mg-based amorphous/nanocrystalline alloys, rare earth-Mg–Ni-based alloys and Ti–V-based alloys are highlighted. Additionally, the challenges met in developing advanced hydrogen storage alloys for Ni/MH rechargeable batteries are pointed out and some research directions are suggested.

Advanced hydrogen storage alloys for Ni/MH rechargeable batteries

Progress of hydrogen storage alloys for Ni-MH rechargeable power batteries in electric vehicles: A review

IEEE Standard on Piezoelectricity

Hydrides of period 2 and 3 elements are promising candidates for hydrogen storage, but typically have heats of reaction that are too high to be of use for fuel cell vehicles. Recent experimental work has focused on destabilizing metal hydrides through mixing metal hydrides with other compounds. A very large number of possible destabilized metal hydride reaction schemes exist, but the thermodynamic data required to assess the enthalpies of these reactions are not available in many cases. We have used density functional theory calculations to predict the reaction enthalpies for more than 300 destabilization reactions that have not previously been reported. The large majority of these reactions are predicted not to be useful for reversible hydrogen storage, having calculated reaction enthalpies that are either too high or too low, and hence these reactions need not be investigated experimentally. Our calculations also identify multiple promising reactions that have large enough hydrogen storage capacities to be useful in practical applications and have reaction thermodynamics that appear to be suitable for use in fuel cell vehicles and are therefore promising candidates for experimental work.

Using first principles calculations to identify new destabilized metal hydride reactions for reversible hydrogen storage.

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02394632/document

Exploits, advances and challenges benefiting beyond Li-ion battery technologies

High energy density strategies: from hydride-forming materials research to battery integration

Described are drug carriers useful in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-guided drug release comprising a shell capable of releasing an enclosed biologically active agent as a result of a local stimulus, e.g. energy input, such as heat, wherein the shell encloses a 19 F MR contrast agent. Preferably, the carrier also acts as a contrast enhancement agent for MRI based on the principle of Chemical Exchange-dependent Saturation Transfer (CEST). To this end the shell encloses a cavity that comprises a paramagnetic chemical shift reagent, a pool of proton analytes, and the 19 F contrast agent, and wherein the shell allows diffusion of the proton analytes.

Drug carrier providing MRI contrast enhancement

Dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric thin films are getting more and more attention for next generation mobile communication and medical systems. Thin film technologies based on dielectric, ferroelectric and piezoelectric thin films enable system-in-package (SiP) devices, resulting in optimal integration of various functions in one module with respect to high performance, small size and low cost. Within Philips a passive integration platform for SiP technologies is developed, comprising key functions such as RF filters, micro-electromechanical switches, high-value capacitors as well as passive and active functions integrated in small modules. The piezoelectric thin film technologies do not only play a role for RF filters, but are also a breakthrough technology for a new class of thin film ultrasonic transducers.

Application of Dielectric, Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Thin Film Devices in Mobile Communication and Medical Systems

The present invention relates to a ferroelectric varactor (400) that comprises a dielectric-layer stack (408) between electrodes (406, 410) The dielectric- layer stack comprises an alternating layer sequence of at least three dielectric layers At least two first dielectric layers of the dielectric-layer stack are made of a non-single-crystalline first dielectric material having a first dielectric constant, at least one second dielectric layer of the dielectric-layer stack is made of a non-single-crystalline second dielectric material with a second dielectric constant that differs from the first dielectric constant One of the first and second dielectric materials exhibits a weaker ferroelectric hysteresis The dielectric material with the weaker ferroelectric hysteresis makes up more than 20 % of the total volume of the dielectric- layer stack The ferroelectric varactor of the present invention achieves high relative dielectric permittivities in the dielectric layers, a high breakdown voltage, a large tuning range at low voltages, and low dielectric losses

Ferroelectric varactor with improved tuning range

Disclosed is a hydrogen storage material comprising a magnesium hydride. Said magnesium is stabilized in the fluorite structure. Preferably, the magnesium is at least partly substituted by an element such that the magnesium hydride is stabilized in the fluorite structure. In an advantageous embodiment, the hydrogen storage material also comprises a catalytically active material. Furthermore, an electrochemically active material, as well as an electrochemical cell comprising the above hydrogen storage material are disclosed.

Danielle Beelen

Papers

High energy density strategies: from hydride-forming materials research to battery integration

Drug carrier providing MRI contrast enhancement

Application of Dielectric, Ferroelectric and Piezoelectric Thin Film Devices in Mobile Communication and Medical Systems

Ferroelectric varactor with improved tuning range

Hydrogen storage material with high storage capacity