International Technology Roadmap for Semiconductors 2003の要求清浄度について － シリコンウエハ表面と雰囲気環境に要求される清浄度, 分析方法の現状について －

This paper presents a fully-printed chipless radio frequency identification sensor tag for short-range item identification and humidity monitoring applications. The tag consists of two planar inductor–capacitor resonators operating wirelessly through inductive coupling. One resonator is used to encode ID data based on frequency spectrum signature, and another one works as a humidity sensor, utilizing a paper substrate as a sensing material. The sensing performances of three paper substrates, including commercial packaging paper, are investigated. The use of paper provides excellent sensitivity and reasonable response time to humidity. The cheap and robust packaging paper, particularly, exhibits the largest sensitivity over the relative humidity range from 20% to 70%, which offers the possibility of directly printing the sensor tag on traditional packages to make the package intelligent at ultralow cost.

Low-Cost Printed Chipless RFID Humidity Sensor Tag for Intelligent Packaging

A new chipless RF identification (RFID) tag design is presented in this paper to ease the detection of items in a real environment. For this purpose, we present multiple scatterers able to depolarize the incident wave to create a response in the orthogonal polarization. Measurements in anechoic chamber and in a real environment, when the tags are positioned on dielectric and metal objects, show their higher detection capability. For the first time, a study on the technique to increase the detection area with a simplified calibration step is carried out. This makes possible the detection of the tag on objects of various sizes and compositions, which is required in the majority of RFID applications.

A Depolarizing Chipless RFID Tag for Robust Detection and Its FCC Compliant UWB Reading System

A novel low-cost chipless radio frequency identification tag sensor is presented. The tag sensor provides identification data as well as monitors relative humidity (RH) of tagged objects. The tag sensor is made of passive microwave circuit that uses humidity sensitive polymer material for RH sensing. The aim of this paper is to investigate RF sensing properties of moisture absorbing polymer polyvinyl alcohol at microwave frequency. In addition, frequency shifting technique is used to encode data bits for high data capacity. The overall size of the proposed tag sensor is 15 mm × 6.8 mm and has 6 bit data capacity for ID generation and single bit for humidity sensing. Results presented here show ~ 607 MHz frequency deviation for 50% RH increase. The tag sensor has potential to be printed on flexible laminates such as plastic and paper for ultra-low cost item level tagging and ubiquitous sensing.

Development of a Low Cost Printable Chipless RFID Humidity Sensor

The Internet of Things (IoT) has limitless possibilities for applications in the entire spectrum of our daily lives, from healthcare to automobiles to public safety. The IoT is expected to grow into a trillion dollar industry worldwide over the next decade. The components of the IoT will be integrated with cloud computing, which will facilitate easy access and analysis of big data stored in cloud systems across the globe. Radio frequency identification (RFID) technology is based on wireless communication systems and offers easy integration into the Internet cloud system. The potential of RFID tag sensor technologies has been studied in different industrial sectors including healthcare, food safety, environmental pollution, anti-counterfeiting of bank-notes and fake medicines, factories, customer shopping behavior, logistics, public transport, and safety. In this review article, the role of inkjet-printed RFID tag sensors is described in the emerging fields of IoT and the Internet of Nano Things (IoNT). This review is concerned with the use of inkjet-printed nanomaterials to fabricate RFID-enabled devices as a component of IoT technology. Inkjet-printed flexible RFID tag sensors based on nanomaterials including multilayer graphene, carbon nanotubes, gold, silver and copper nanoparticles, conductive polymers and their based composites used for detecting toxic gases and chemicals are discussed. Inkjet-printed nanomaterial-based RFID tag sensors that can be easily printed on flexible paper, plastic, textile, glass, and metallic surfaces, show potential in flexible and wearable electronics technologies. Finally, challenges such as energy and safety issues for RFID tag sensors are analyzed.

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Inkjet printed nanomaterial based flexible radio frequency identification (RFID) tag sensors for the internet of nano things

This paper presents a chipless radio frequency identification (RFID) sensor tag having both identification and sensing capabilities. It is based on one resonant scatterer operating as a signal processing antenna in the 3–7.5 GHz band. The scatterer is used to monitor a physical parameter variation, as well as to identify the remote sensor. To make a resonator sensitive to the humidity, silicon nanowires are deposited on the tag surface using a simple process. The tag needs only one conductive layer so that it can be directly printed on the product to sense and to identify. Measurements done using a bistatic radar configuration in the frequency domain validate this concept. To demonstrate the reliability of such an application, two chipless RFID sensors placed in various environments are simultaneously detected using an anticollision technique based on spectral separation.

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01753221/document

Toward a Reliable Chipless RFID Humidity Sensor Tag Based on Silicon Nanowires

In this letter, experimental results and trends for shielded coplanar waveguide transmission lines (S-CPW) implemented in a 0.35 μm CMOS technology are provided. Because of the introduction of floating strips below the CPW transmission line, high effective dielectric permittivity and quality factor are obtained. Three different geometries of S-CPW transmission lines are characterized. For the best geometry, the measured effective dielectric permittivity reaches 48, leading to a very high slow-wave factor and high miniaturization. In addition, measurements demonstrate a quality factor ranging from 20 to 40 between 10 and 40 GHz, demonstrating state-of-the-art results for transmission lines realized in a low-cost CMOS standard technology.

High-Q Slow-Wave Coplanar Transmission Lines on 0.35 $\mu$ m CMOS Process

RFID potential impacts and future evolution for green projects

This paper presents a chipless RFID tag having both identification and sensing capability. It is based on 5 resonant scatterers that behave as signal processing antennas in the band from 2.5 to 7.5 GHz. Only one scatterer is used to monitor a physical parameter variation, while the four others allow identifying the remote sensor with 13 bits. To make a resonator sensitive to the temperature or humidity, a material based on Silicon Nanowire is deposited on the tag surface using a very simple process. The tag needs only one conductive layer so that it can be directly printed on product making by the way a unit cost potentially very low. Measurements done using a bi static radar configuration in the frequency domain validate this new concept.

A compact chipless RFID tag with environment sensing capability

This paper describes a new low-pass filter topology based on tapered periodic structures. These filters exhibit interesting characteristics in terms of compactness, return loss, insertion loss, selectivity, and the suppression of spurious frequency bands. Hybrid prototypes with a 1-GHz cutoff frequency, based on a coplanar-waveguide technology, and using both low-cost and high-performance substrates, have been fabricated and measured. Spurious frequency bands can be suppressed to below -22 dB at frequencies up to 20 GHz. Passband ripples are negligible, and the return loss is better than 20 dB. A two-section filter has a length of 0.2 lambda and exhibits a -120-dB/dec selectivity, while a six-section filter is 0.51 lambda long and has a -560-dB/dec selectivity. A design procedure has been established. These filters are compatible with monolithic microwave integrated circuit technologies in which the capacitors can be realized as metal-insulator-metal structures

Darine Kaddour

Papers

Toward a Reliable Chipless RFID Humidity Sensor Tag Based on Silicon Nanowires

High-Q Slow-Wave Coplanar Transmission Lines on 0.35 $\mu$ m CMOS Process

RFID potential impacts and future evolution for green projects

A compact chipless RFID tag with environment sensing capability

A compact and selective low-pass filter with reduced spurious responses, based on CPW tapered periodic structures