Combustion behavior, performance and emission characteristics of diesel engine fuelled with biodiesel containing cerium oxide nanoparticles: A review

Heterogeneous combustion in a diesel engine is noisier, uncontrolled and more polluting. This can be achieved with a strategic approach of a reactivity-controlled compression ignition (RCCI) mode engine that operates with low and high reactive fuel combinations. In the present work, a diesel engine is operated in RCCI mode with gaseous fuels viz. CNG as a primary fuel and a blend of diesel and Karanja biodiesel (BD20) as pilot fuel. This research aims to determine the operating limits of CNG fuel for less noisy combustion and clean exhaust. Further, relative air-fuel ratio (λ), cycle to cycle variations, combustion noise and emissions were studied for full load operation. The CRDI engine is optimized for diesel operation with a split injection strategy. The knock limits for CNG as the primary fuel are obtained. The combustion noise increases at a higher energy share by CNG. Also, higher values of HC and CO emissions are observed. This may be due to higher energy share values, flame speed and octane number of CNG fuel. Further, NOx emissions and smoke are decreased. The CNG induction of 10 ms with 90% ES can be noted as a knock limit for 3.5 kW power. The highest BTHE of 24.2% and least BSFC 0.3 kg/kWhr reported by 60%ES of LRF is better than diesel and KBD20 fuel. An optimum 60% energy share of CNG is observed for clean combustion and emissions strategy using the RCCI mode of a modified diesel engine.

Clean combustion and emissions strategy using reactivity controlled compression ignition (RCCI) mode engine powered with CNG-Karanja biodiesel

The improvement in performance has been observed by changing the injector nozzle's geometry of the dual-fuel liquid–gas engine The combined effect of injector parameters and producer gas (PG) derived from the redgram stalk on the performance and emission characteristics of a dual-fuel diesel/Honge Oil Methyl Ester (HOME)-PG operated CI engine has been studied The injector nozzles with 4, 5, and 6 holes (diameter of 02, 025, and 03 mm) were analyzed Diesel-PG operation with 4 holes, 025 mm diameter nozzle and HOME-PG operation with 6 holes, 025 mm diameter nozzle resulted in better performance and lower emissions Diesel-PG operation has 45% higher BTE (brake thermal efficiency) with a 4 hole nozzle and 07% higher for a 025 mm diameter 6 holes nozzle than HOME-PG operation The HOME-PG operation results showed that the with an injection opening pressure of 240 bar, 6-hole nozzle, and a diameter of 025 mm have an improved BTE of 58% with emission levels 15–30% lower than those of other geometries

Effect of injection parameters and producer gas derived from redgram stalk on the performance and emission characteristics of a diesel engine

Collective effect of ternary nano fuel blends on the diesel engine performance and emissions characteristics

Experimental investigation on compression ignition engine powered with pentanol and thevetia peruviana methyl ester under reactivity controlled compression ignition mode of operation

Effect of Sr@ZnO nanoparticles and Ricinus communis biodiesel-diesel fuel blends on modified CRDI diesel engine characteristics

The Future Public Libraries are filled with Electronic resources. All the public libraries in India need to improve the e-resource to meet the user information needs. Implementation of Information Communication Technology in the district central public libraries have to instruct their subordinate public libraries in the district., The utilization of the Internet, and conduction of the Digitization process in the district central public libraries in the state. The Community has to give their support to the implementation of information communication technologies and develop the electronic resource in the Central Coastal district public libraries in Andhra Pradesh. Sometime in the future, a public library is a room with a bookshelf and a computer terminal per person. The shelves are mostly bare of books and instead stuffed with old conventional documents. The Indian government had initiated to development of the public library system. Chadavadam makistam (We Love Reading) concept was initiated by the government of Andhra Pradesh, to improve the reading habitation in school level children.

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The Survey on Deployment of E-Resources in District Central Public Libraries in Andhra Pradesh: The User’s Perspective

The current work is focused on analysing the influence of zirconium oxide (Zr2O3) nano-additives as fuel-borne additives on Jatropha biodiesel fuelled single-cylinder diesel engine. Zr2O3 nano-additives were selected on doping fractions of 10 ppm, 20 ppm and 30 ppm and the base fuel chosen is B20 (20% Jatropha biodiesel + 80% diesel fuel). Although several literatures focused on usage of different nano-additives (alumina, cerium, silica, CNT, etc.) at various dosing fractions, there were merely very less works focused on using Zr2O3 nano-additives at different doping fractions. Most of the literatures focused only on performance, combustion and emission characteristics, while there is a lack of insight on mass fraction burnt and particle size diameter (PSD) from soot emissions when the test engine is operated at 25%, 50%, 75% and 100% loads. With this strategic conception, the current work is intended to analyse the influence of Zr2O3 nano-additives on mass fraction burnt (MFB), particle size diameter (PSD), performance, combustion emission characteristics of a single-cylinder DI diesel engine fuelled with B20 blend (20% Jatropha biodiesel + 80% diesel fuel). Experimental results revealed that, on fuelling B20 blend with 20 ppm Zr2O3 nano-additives, BSEC is lowered by 4.87%, BTE is improved by 7.92%, CO, HC, smoke and NOx emissions were reduced by 11.32%, 5.73%, 6.56% and 9.42%, respectively. Further, 20 ppm Zr2O3 nano-additives in B20 resulted in improved pressure, CHRR and HRR of 72.68 bar, 1173.4 J and 76.37 J/°CA which are marginally high in comparison with diesel and B20. Maximum MFB is reported for B20 + 20ppm Zr2O3 and least PSD were reported B20 + 20ppm Zr2O3 blend throughout the engine load conditions. 

Influence of Zr2O3 nano additives on particle size diameter (PSD), mass fraction burnt (MFB) and engine characteristics of Jatropha biodiesel fuelled DI diesel engine

Dhana Raju

Papers

Effect of Sr@ZnO nanoparticles and Ricinus communis biodiesel-diesel fuel blends on modified CRDI diesel engine characteristics

The Survey on Deployment of E-Resources in District Central Public Libraries in Andhra Pradesh: The User’s Perspective

Influence of Zr2O3 nano additives on particle size diameter (PSD), mass fraction burnt (MFB) and engine characteristics of Jatropha biodiesel fuelled DI diesel engine