世界経済・社会統計 = World development indicators

计量经济分析 = Econometric analysis

How to Do Things With Words

https://link.springer.com/content/pdf/10.2307%2F3343168.pdf

Development as Freedom

The 2008 crash has left all the established economic doctrines - equilibrium models, real business cycles, disequilibria models - in disarray. Part of the problem is due to Smith’s "veil of ignorance": individuals unknowingly pursue society’s interest and, as a result, have no clue as to the macroeconomic effects of their actions: witness the Keynes and Leontief multipliers, the concept of value added, fiat money, Engel’s law and technical progress, to name but a few of the macrofoundations of microeconomics. A good viewpoint to take bearings anew lies in comparing the post-Great Depression institutions with those emerging from Thatcher and Reagan’s economic policies: deregulation, exogenous vs. endoge- nous money, shadow banking vs. Volcker’s Rule. Very simply, the banks, whose lending determined deposits after Roosevelt, and were a public service became private enterprises whose deposits determine lending. These underlay the great moderation preceding 2006, and the subsequent crash.

The Economic Institutions of Capitalism

/pdf/mutable-reality-and-unknowable-future-revealing-the-broader-kf754p8w.pdf

Mutable reality and unknowable future: Revealing the broader potential of pragmatism

Coetaneous malignant melanoma is the most aggressive cancer of the skin with a high rate of mortality worldwide Degradation of basement membranes and extracellular matrix is an essential step in cancer invasion and metastasis Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) play key roles in this step MMP-3 also called stromelysin-1 was one of the first proteinases found to be associated with cancer In the gene of MMP-3 (MMP3), an insertion/deletion of an A nucleotide at position -1171 in promoter region has been identified and shown to effect the expression activity of the gene

The present study was conducted to investigate the relation of MMP3 -1171insA polymorphism with skin malignant melanoma risk in a pilot case-control study of Bulgarian patients (n = 26) and unaffected controls (n = 172)

The genotypes of controls and melanoma patients were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium The results showed no statistically significant difference both in genotype and allele frequencies of MMP3 -1171insA polymorphism between melanoma patients and healthy controls either in crude analyses (p = 0360 and 0790, c2-test) or after adjustment for age and sex The comparison of some clinical characteristics between the patients with different genotypes showed a trend for longer survival of patients with 6A/6A genotype compared to the carriers of 5A allele (5A/5A+5A/6A genotypes, p = 0118, Log rank test)

The results of our current preliminary study do not provide evidence for the role of the promoter polymorphism -1171insA in MMP3 as a risk factor for development of coetaneous melanoma, but suggest its implication in progression of the diseases

Investigation of the role of MMP3 -1171insA polymorphism in cutaneous malignant melanoma – a preliminary study

The individuality of opportunity identification:A critical review and extension

Chronic inflammation and remodelling of the small airways are features related to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In the current study, we aimed to explore the possible role of MMP12 -82 A > G (rs2276109) promoter polymorphism in the development of COPD in a population from Bulgaria (167 patients with COPD and 119 control individuals).The genotype and allele distributions differed significantly between COPD patients and controls (p = .010 and p = .043, respectively, χ2 test). The genotypes containing at least one variant G allele (AA + GG) were more frequent in the control group than in patients (36.1% vs. 22.2%) determining 2.96-fold lower risk for COPD after adjustment for age, sex and smoking habits (OR = 0.338, 95%CI: 0.168–0.682, p = .002).Our results suggest that carriers of genotypes with at least one copy of minor G allele of rs2276109 might have lower risk for COPD development, with no marked effect on the lung function and severity of the disease.

The G allele of MMP12 -82 A > G promoter polymorphism as a protective factor for COPD in Bulgarian population.

The hallmark of the “European Approach to Entrepreneurship,” if there is such a thing, has been its diversity. European entrepreneurship research has been like Europe itself, a panoply of diverse ways of thinking, expressed in theories, methods, or research questions. Only when comparing European research to North American do observers find a semblance of commonality. For example, it appears that European researchers as a whole tend to use more fieldwork and qualitative analysis approaches than do their North American counterparts (e.g., Aldrich, 2000). However, this perhaps reflects a stronger academia-based and quantitative dominant research paradigm among North American researchers than among the diverse research traditions currently active in Europe.

Dimo Dimov

Papers

Mutable reality and unknowable future: Revealing the broader potential of pragmatism

Investigation of the role of MMP3 -1171insA polymorphism in cutaneous malignant melanoma – a preliminary study

The individuality of opportunity identification:A critical review and extension

The G allele of MMP12 -82 A > G promoter polymorphism as a protective factor for COPD in Bulgarian population.

Europe and Entrepreneurship Research