다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

MATPOWER is an open-source Matlab-based power system simulation package that provides a high-level set of power flow, optimal power flow (OPF), and other tools targeted toward researchers, educators, and students. The OPF architecture is designed to be extensible, making it easy to add user-defined variables, costs, and constraints to the standard OPF problem. This paper presents the details of the network modeling and problem formulations used by MATPOWER, including its extensible OPF architecture. This structure is used internally to implement several extensions to the standard OPF problem, including piece-wise linear cost functions, dispatchable loads, generator capability curves, and branch angle difference limits. Simulation results are presented for a number of test cases comparing the performance of several available OPF solvers and demonstrating MATPOWER's ability to solve large-scale AC and DC OPF problems.

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MATPOWER: Steady-State Operations, Planning, and Analysis Tools for Power Systems Research and Education

We explore in this chapter questions of existence and uniqueness for solutions to stochastic differential equations and offer a study of their properties. This endeavor is really a study of diffusion processes. Loosely speaking, the term diffusion is attributed to a Markov process which has continuous sample paths and can be characterized in terms of its infinitesimal generator.

Stochastic Differential Equations

Objective
To present the International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society (MDS) Clinical Diagnostic Criteria for Parkinson9s disease.
Background
Although several diagnostic criteria for Parkinson9s disease have been proposed, none have been officially adopted by an official Parkinson society. Moreover, the commonest-used criteria, the UK brain bank, were created more than 25 years ago. In recognition of the lack of standard criteria, the MDS initiated a task force to design new diagnostic criteria for clinical Parkinson9s disease.
Methods/Results
The MDS-PD Criteria are intended for use in clinical research, but may also be used to guide clinical diagnosis. The benchmark is expert clinical diagnosis; the criteria aim to systematize the diagnostic process, to make it reproducible across centers and applicable by clinicians with less expertise. Although motor abnormalities remain central, there is increasing recognition of non-motor manifestations; these are incorporated into both the current criteria and particularly into separate criteria for prodromal PD. Similar to previous criteria, the MDS-PD Criteria retain motor parkinsonism as the core disease feature, defined as bradykinesia plus rest tremor and/or rigidity. Explicit instructions for defining these cardinal features are included. After documentation of parkinsonism, determination of PD as the cause of parkinsonism relies upon three categories of diagnostic features; absolute exclusion criteria (which rule out PD), red flags (which must be counterbalanced by additional supportive criteria to allow diagnosis of PD), and supportive criteria (positive features that increase confidence of PD diagnosis). Two levels of certainty are delineated: Clinically-established PD (maximizing specificity at the expense of reduced sensitivity), and Probable PD (which balances sensitivity and specificity).
Conclusion
The MDS criteria retain elements proven valuable in previous criteria and omit aspects that are no longer justified, thereby encapsulating diagnosis according to current knowledge. As understanding of PD expands, criteria will need continuous revision to accommodate these advances. Disclosure: Dr. Postuma has received personal compensation for activities with Roche Diagnostics Corporation and Biotie Therapies. Dr. Berg has received research support from Michael J. Fox Foundation, the Bundesministerium fur Bildung und Forschung (BMBF), the German Parkinson Association and Novartis GmbH.

MDS Clinical Diagnostic Criteria for Parkinson's Disease (S19.001)

Numerical Initial Value Problems in Ordinary Differential Equations

The paper presents an analysis of the economical and technical impact of Water Network Loads (WNLs) on the operation of power systems. The paper also proposes an iterative technique to solve both a unit commitment problem with the inclusion of conventional power generation, wind power and WNLs and a N-1 contingency analysis based on time-domain simulations. At each iteration, if the WNLs schedule in a given period is not acceptable for some of the considered contingencies, the unit commitment problem is solved again constraining the amount of dispatchable WNLs. The proposed technique is tested using the New England 39-bus 10-machine system adapted to include wind generation and WNLs.

Stability-constrained unit commitment with water network loads

The paper compares a variety of on-line approaches based on PMUs to estimate the angular speed of individual synchronous machines as well as of the center of inertia. These approaches involve the solution of an optimization problem or a Weighted Least Square problem and are based on the frequency divider formula that has been recently proposed on the Transactions on Power Systems by the second and third authors. The case study is based on a dynamic 1,479-bus model of the all-island Irish system with inclusion of stochastic wind speed, noise and time-varying PMU measurement delays. The scenarios studied in the paper allow identifying the key features of the considered estimation approaches. A thorough discussion on the impact of measurement delays and system size is also provided.

PMU-based Estimation of the Frequency of the Center of Inertia and Generator Rotor Speeds

The main concept that is developed in the chapter is that any complex project can be conveniently handled if correctly planned and structured With this aim, Section 21 discusses the fragmentation of software packages An example is also given in this section Section 22 describes the main components that compose a general-purpose software package, namely classes and procedures, while Section 23 introduces the concept of modularity A simple example on how organizing a modular software package is also provided in Section 23 Section 23 also discusses the modularity of power system structure Finally, Section 24 applies the concepts previously discussed and proposes the structure of a general power system analysis tool

Power System Architecture

Background: One of the major challenge for orthopedic surgery is to create a preoperative plan in a 3D virtual space and reproduce it in a 3D model. Thanks to rapid prototyping (RP) models, we can build a three-dimensional scaled bone model with a tumor

Federico Milano

Papers

Stability-constrained unit commitment with water network loads

PMU-based Estimation of the Frequency of the Center of Inertia and Generator Rotor Speeds

Power System Architecture

Realidad virtual: Su aplicación en cirugía reconstructiva oncológica esquelética Presentación de un caso de osteosarcoma tibial

Voltage-Sourced Converter Model