Modeling and optimization I: Usability of response surface methodology

Purification and biochemical properties of microbial pectinases—a review

Departamento de Bioquimica e Microbiologia Instituto de Biociencias Universidade Estadual Paulista, UNESP, Avenida 24A, 1515, CEP 13506-900 Rio Claro, SP

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Pectin and Pectinases: Production, Characterization and Industrial Application of Microbial Pectinolytic Enzymes

Enhanced silver nanoparticle synthesis by optimization of nitrate reductase activity.

Enzymatic treatment for juice extraction is most commonly used now a days. The enzymatic process is claimed to offer a number of advantages over mechanical-thermal comminution of several fruit pulps. Enzymes are an integral component of modern fruit juice manufacturing and are highly suitable for optimizing processes. Their main purposes are: increase extraction of juice from raw material, increase processing efficiency (pressing, solid settling or removal), and generate a final product that is clear and visually attractive. Juice extraction can be done by using various mechanical processes, which may be achieved through diffusion extraction, decanter centrifuge, screw type juice extractor, fruit pulper and by different types of presses. Enzymatic treatment prior to mechanical extraction significantly improves juice recovery compared to any other extraction process. Enzymatic hydrolysis of the cell walls increases the extraction yield, reducing sugars, soluble dry matter content and galacturonic acid content and titrable acidity of the products. Enzymatic degradation of the biomaterial depends upon the type of enzyme, incubation time, incubation temperature, enzyme concentration, agitation, pH and use of different enzyme combinations. We can conclude from the technical literature that use of the enzymes i.e. cellulases, pectinases, amylases and combination of these enzymes can give better juice yield with superior quality of the fruit juice. Pectinase enzyme can give maximum juice yield i.e. 92.4% at 360 minutes incubation time, 37°C incubation temperature and 5 mg/100 g of enzyme concentration. Whereas the combination of two enzymes i.e. pectin methyl esterase (PME) and polygalacturonase (PG) at 120 minutes of incubation time, 50°C of incubation temperature and 0.05 mg/100 gm of enzymatic concentration can give the maximum yield of 96.8% for plum fruits. This paper discusses the use of enzymes in fruit juice production focusing on the juice recovery, clarity and effect of the particular enzyme on the biochemical properties of the fruit juices.

G.Sathya Narayana Naidu

Papers

Studies on pH and thermal deactivation of pectolytic enzymes from Aspergillus niger

Performance of pectolytic enzymes during hydrolysis of pectic substances under assay conditions: a statistical approach

Stability and kinetics of β-1,3-glucanse from Trichoderma harzianum