 Many atmospheric chemicals occur in the gas phase as well as in liquid cloud droplets and aerosol particles Therefore, it is necessary to understand the distribution between the phases According to Henry's law, the equilibrium ratio between the abundances in the gas phase and in the aqueous phase is constant for a dilute solution Henry's law constants of trace gases of potential importance in environmental chemistry have been collected and converted into a uniform format The compilation contains 17 350 values of Henry's law constants for 4632 species, collected from 689 references It is also available at http://wwwhenrys-laworg 

/pdf/compilation-of-henry-s-law-constants-version-4-0-for-water-58il9q0ogv.pdf

Compilation of Henry's law constants (version 4.0) for water as solvent

Nature And Properties Of Soils

http://sealight.persiangig.com/document/1.pdf

Use of iron oxide nanomaterials in wastewater treatment: a review.

The environmental fate of phthalate esters: A literature review

Nutrient requirements of beef cattle

Plant uptake of non-ionic organic chemicals from soils

Laboratory and greenhouse studies compared the ability of water treatment residuals (WTRs) to alter P solubility and leaching in Immokalee sandy soil (sandy, siliceous, hyperthermic Arenic Alaquod) amended with biosolids and triple superphosphate (TSP). Aluminum sulfate (Al-WTR) and ferric sulfate (Fe-WTR) coagulation residuals, a lime softening residual (Ca-WTR) produced during hardness removal, and pure hematite were examined. In equilibration studies, the ability to reduce soluble P followed the order: Al-WTR > Ca-WTR = Fe-WTR » hematite. Differences in the P-fixing capacity of the sesquioxide-dominated materials (Al-WTR, Fe-WTR, hematite) were attributed to their varying reactive Fe- and Al-hydrous oxide contents as measured by oxalate extraction. Leachate P was monitored from greenhouse columns where bahiagrass (Paspalam notatum Flugge) was grown on Immokalee soil amended with biosolids or TSP at an equivalent rate of 224 kg P ha -1 and WTRs at 2.5% (56 Mg ha -1 ). In the absence of WTRs, 21% of TSP and 11% of Largo cake biosolids total phosphorus (P T ) leached over 4 mo. With co-applied WTRs, losses from TSP columns were reduced to 3.5% (Fe-WTR), 2,5% (Ca-WTR), and <1% (Al-WTR) of applied P. For the Largo biosolids treatments all WTRs retarded downward P flux such that leachate P was not statistically different than for control (soil only) columns. The phosphorus saturation index (PSI = [P ox ]/ [Al ox + Fe ox ], where P ox , Al ox , and Fe ox are oxalate-extractable P, Al, and Fe, respectively) based on a simple oxalate extraction of the WTR and biosolids is potentially useful for determining WTR application rates for controlled reduction of P in drainage when biosolids are applied to low P-sorbing soils.

https://stormwater.ucf.edu/fileRepository/docs/chemicaltreatment/documents/Elliott%20et%20al.,%202002.pdf

Influence of water treatment residuals on phosphorus solubility and leaching.

Heavy metal sequential extraction methods—A modification for tropical soils

Increasing emphasis on phosphorus (P)-based nutrient management underscores the need to understand P behavior in soils amended with biosolids and manures. Laboratory and greenhouse column studies characterized P forms and leachability of eight biosolids products, chicken manure (CM), and commercial fertilizer (triple superphosphate, TSP). Bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum Flugge) was grown for 4 mo on two acid, P-deficient Florida sands, representing both moderate (Candler series: hyperthermic, uncoated Typic Quartzipsamments) and very low (Immokalee series: sandy, siliceous, hyperthermic Arenic Alaquods) P-sorbing capacities. Amendments were applied at 56 and 224 kg P(T) ha(-1), simulating P-based and N-based nutrient loadings, respectively. Column leachate P was dominantly inorganic and lower for biosolids P sources than TSP. For Candler soil, only TSP at the high P rate exhibited P leaching statistically greater (alpha = 0.05) than control (soil-only) columns. For the high P rate and low P-sorbing Immokalee soil, TSP and CM leached 21 and 3.0% of applied P, respectively. Leachate P for six biosolids was <1.0% of applied P and not statistically different from controls. Largo biosolids, generated from a biological P removal process, exhibited significantly greater leachate P in both cake and pelletized forms (11 and 2.5% of applied P, respectively) than other biosolids. Biosolids P leaching was correlated to the phosphorus saturation index (PSI = [Pox]/[Al(ox) + Fe(ox)]) based on oxalate extraction of the pre-applied biosolids. For hiosolids with PSI < or = approximately 1.1, no appreciable leaching occurred. Only Largo cake (PSI = 1.4) and pellets (PSI = 1.3) exhibited P leaching losses statistically greater than controls. The biosolids PSI appears useful for identifying biosolids with potential to enrich drainage P when applied to low P-sorbing soils.

Phosphorus Leaching from Biosolids‐Amended Sandy Soils

Drinking-water treatment residuals (WTRs) can immobilize excess soil phosphorus (P), but little is known about the long-term P retention by WTRs. To evaluate the long-term P sorption characteristics of one Fe- and one Al-based WTR, physicochemical properties pertinent to time-dependency and hysteresis of P sorption were assessed. This study also investigated the P sorption mechanisms that could affect the long-term stability of sorbed P by WTRs. Phosphorus sorption kinetics by the WTRs exhibited a slow phase that followed an initial rapid phase, as typically occurs with metal hydroxides. Phosphorus sorption maxima for both Fe- and Al-based WTRs exceeded 9100 mg of P kg-1 and required a greater specific surface area (SSA) than would be available based on BET-N2 calculations. Electron microprobe analyses of cross-sectional, P-treated particles showed three-dimensional P sorption by WTRs. Carbon dioxide gas sorption was greater than N2, suggesting steric restriction of N2 diffusion by narrow micropore openin...

George A. O'Connor

Papers

Plant uptake of non-ionic organic chemicals from soils

Influence of water treatment residuals on phosphorus solubility and leaching.

Heavy metal sequential extraction methods—A modification for tropical soils

Phosphorus Leaching from Biosolids‐Amended Sandy Soils

Phosphorus Immobilization in Micropores of Drinking-Water Treatment Residuals: Implications for Long-Term Stability