On robust estimation of the location parameter

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Numerical Heat Transfer And Fluid Flow

High resolution schemes for hyperbolic conservation laws

Fifty years of hyporheic zone research have shown the important role played by the hyporheic zone as an interface between groundwater and surface waters. However, it is only in the last two decades that what began as an empirical science has become a mechanistic science devoted to modeling studies of the complex fluid dynamical and biogeochemical mechanisms occurring in the hyporheic zone. These efforts have led to the picture of surface-subsurface water interactions as regulators of the form and function of fluvial ecosystems. Rather than being isolated systems, surface water bodies continuously interact with the subsurface. Exploration of hyporheic zone processes has led to a new appreciation of their wide reaching consequences for water quality and stream ecology. Modern research aims toward a unified approach, in which processes occurring in the hyporheic zone are key elements for the appreciation, management, and restoration of the whole river environment. In this unifying context, this review summarizes results from modeling studies and field observations about flow and transport processes in the hyporheic zone and describes the theories proposed in hydrology and fluid dynamics developed to quantitatively model and predict the hyporheic transport of water, heat, and dissolved and suspended compounds from sediment grain scale up to the watershed scale. The implications of these processes for stream biogeochemistry and ecology are also discussed.

Hyporheic flow and transport processes: Mechanisms, models, and biogeochemical implications

A majority of the global net primary production of mangroves is unaccounted for by current carbon budgets. It has been hypothesized that this ‘‘missing carbon’’ is exported as dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) from subsurface respiration and groundwater (or pore-water) exchange driven by tidal pumping. We tested this hypothesis by measuring concentrations and d13C values of DIC, dissolved organic carbon (DOC), and particulate organic carbon (POC), along with radon (222Rn, a natural submarine groundwater discharge tracer), in a tidal creek in Moreton Bay, Australia. Concentrations and d13C values displayed consistent tidal variations, and mirrored the trend in 222Rn in summer and winter. DIC and DOC were exported from, and POC was imported to, the mangroves during all tidal cycles. The exported DOC had a similar d13C value in summer and winter (, 230%). The exported d13C-DIC showed no difference between summer and winter and had a d13C value slightly more enriched (, 222.5%) than the exported DOC. The imported POC had differing values in summer (, 216%) and winter (, 222%), reflecting a combination of seagrass and estuarine particulate organic matter (POM) in summer and most likely a dominance of estuarine POM in winter. A coupled 222Rn and carbon model showed that 93–99% of the DIC and 89–92% of the DOC exports were driven by groundwater advection. DIC export averaged 3 g C m22 d21 and was an order of magnitude higher than DOC export, and similar to global estimates of the mangrove missing carbon (i.e., , 1.9–2.7 g C m22 d21). The link between terrestrial and marine carbon cycles is an important yet poorly constrained component of the global carbon cycle. Most models of the global carbon cycle only include three reservoirs (terrestrial, marine, and atmosphere) with the link between terrestrial and marine components defined as an ‘‘unreactive pipe’’ (Cole et al. 2007). This unreactive pipe is defined as the flow of terrestrial-derived organic matter via surface waters (i.e., rivers) to the ocean. However, studies suggest that significant transformations of the organic matter pool

https://aslopubs.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.4319/lo.2013.58.2.0475

Groundwater‐derived dissolved inorganic and organic carbon exports from a mangrove tidal creek: The missing mangrove carbon sink?

Studies of seawater intrusion in unconfined coastal aquifers typically neglect oceanic oscillations such as tides and assume a static seaward boundary condition defined by the mean sea level. Laboratory experiments and numerical simulations were conducted to investigate the influence of tidal oscillations on the behavior of the saltwater wedge. For the conditions examined, the experiments showed that an upper saline plume formed in the intertidal zone due to tide-induced seawater circulation. The presence of the upper saline plume shifted the fresh groundwater discharge zone seaward to the low-tide mark and restricted the intrusion of the saltwater wedge. The overall seawater intrusion extent, as indicated by the wedge toe location, was reduced significantly compared with the nontidal (static) case. Results from the numerical model matched these experimental observations and further demonstrated the similar type of tidal influence on the saltwater wedge in a field-scale aquifer system. The Glover (1959) solution for predicting the saltwater wedge was modified to account for the tidal effect by including the tide-induced circulation as a “recharge” to the aquifer. The findings highlight the significant impact of the tide in modulating the groundwater behavior and salt-freshwater dynamics, not only within but also landward of the intertidal zone.

/pdf/tidal-influence-on-seawater-intrusion-in-unconfined-coastal-2x3xqyxgj4.pdf

Guangqiu Jin

Papers

Tidal influence on seawater intrusion in unconfined coastal aquifers

Effects of crab burrows on pore water flows in salt marshes

Transport of nonsorbing solutes in a streambed with periodic bedforms

Prevalence and distribution analysis of antibiotic resistance genes in a large-scale aquaculture environment

A field study on groundwater dynamics in a salt marsh – Chongming Dongtan wetland