Over the past 30 years, significant commercial and academic progress has been made on Li-based battery technologies. From the early Li-metal anode iterations to the current commercial Li-ion batteries (LIBs), the story of the Li-based battery is full of breakthroughs and back tracing steps. This review will discuss the main roles of material science in the development of LIBs. As LIB research progresses and the materials of interest change, different emphases on the different subdisciplines of material science are placed. Early works on LIBs focus more on solid state physics whereas near the end of the 20th century, researchers began to focus more on the morphological aspects (surface coating, porosity, size, and shape) of electrode materials. While it is easy to point out which specific cathode and anode materials are currently good candidates for the next-generation of batteries, it is difficult to explain exactly why those are chosen. In this review, for the reader a complete developmental story of LIB should be clearly drawn, along with an explanation of the reasons responsible for the various technological shifts. The review will end with a statement of caution for the current modern battery research along with a brief discussion on beyond lithium-ion battery chemistries.

30 Years of Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Thermal runaway caused fire and explosion of lithium ion battery

Thermal runaway mechanism of lithium ion battery for electric vehicles: A review

Lithium-ion batteries play an important role in the life quality of modern society as the dominant technology for use in portable electronic devices such as mobile phones, tablets and laptops. Beyond this application lithium-ion batteries are the preferred option for the emerging electric vehicle sector, while still underexploited in power supply systems, especially in combination with photovoltaics and wind power. As a technological component, lithium-ion batteries present huge global potential towards energy sustainability and substantial reductions in carbon emissions. A detailed review is presented herein on the state of the art and future perspectives of Li-ion batteries with emphasis on this potential.

The lithium-ion battery: State of the art and future perspectives

https://hal-cea.archives-ouvertes.fr/cea-01791260/document

A review on lithium-ion battery ageing mechanisms and estimations for automotive applications

Lithium ion battery and its safety are taken more consideration with fossil energy consuming and the reduction requirement of CO2 emission. The safety problem of lithium ion battery is mainly contributed by thermal runaway caused fire and explosion. This paper reviews the lithium ion battery hazards, thermal runaway theory, basic reactions, thermal models, simulations and experimental works firstly. The general theory is proposed and detailed reactions are summarized, which include solid electrolyte interface decomposition, negative active material and electrolyte reaction, positive active material and electrolyte reaction, electrolyte decomposition, negative active material and binder reaction, and so on. The thermal models or electrochemical-thermal models include one, two and three dimensional models, which can be simulated by finite element method and finite volume method. And then the related prevention techniques are simply summarized and discussed on the inherent safety methods and safety device methods. Some perspectives and outlooks on safety enhancement for lithium ion battery are proposed for the future development. Language: en

Thermal Runaway Caused Fire and Explosion of Lithium Ion Battery

With the extensive applications of lithium ion batteries, many batteries fire and explosion accidents were reported. Base on the combustion triangle theory, the combustion triangle contributions of lithium ion battery were analysed. By using C80 micro calorimeter, the thermal behavior studies on the materials show that the flammable electrolyte, oxygen generated by charged cathode and anode decomposition, and exothermic reaction heats form the combustion triangle together. The thermal runaway of working materials in lithium ion battery system was studied with common used battery materials, and the no return temperature TNR was calculated is 75 o C and the self-accelerating decomposition temperature (SADT) is 66.5 o C. Further analysis shows that the lithium ion battery reaction chain according with Domino effect, therefore, the lithium ion battery fire and explosion developing sequences was drawn by Domino chain. The Domino chain explains the fire and explosion developing process perfectively, and then the countermeasures can be taken by breaking the Domino chain for the safety of lithium ion battery.

Lithium Ion Battery Fire and Explosion

Effects of solvents and salt on the thermal stability of charged LiCoO2

The thermal behaviors of four organic solvents with/without LiPF6 were measured by C80 microcalorimeter at a 0.2°C min−1 heating rate. With the addition of 1 M LiPF6, the ethylene carbonate (EC) and propylene carbonate (PC) show the exothermic peaks at elevated temperature, which lessen their stabilities. The exothermic peak temperatures of EC and PC based LiPF6 solutions are at 212 and 223°C, respectively, in argon filled vessel. However, two endothermic peak temperatures were detected in diethyl carbonate (DEC) based LiPF6 solution at 182 and 252.5°C, respectively, in argon filled vessel. Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) based LiPF6 solution shows two endothermic peak temperatures at 68.5 and 187°C in argon filled vessel at elevated temperature. Consequently, it is concluded that LiPF6 play a key role in the thermal behavior of its organic solution.

Guanquan Chu

Papers

Thermal runaway caused fire and explosion of lithium ion battery

Thermal Runaway Caused Fire and Explosion of Lithium Ion Battery

Lithium Ion Battery Fire and Explosion

Effects of solvents and salt on the thermal stability of charged LiCoO2

Effect of LiPF6 on the thermal behaviors of four organic solvents for lithium ion batteries