Ian C. Michelow

TL;DR: The data confirm the importance of S pneumoniae and the frequent occurrence of bacterial and viral coinfections in children with pneumonia and will facilitate age-appropriate antibiotic selection and future evaluation of the clinical effectiveness of the pneumococcal conjugate vaccine as well as other candidate vaccines.

TL;DR: A synthesis of the current literature pertaining to factors predictive of COVID‐19 clinical course and outcomes shows findings associated with increased disease severity and/or mortality include age, multiple pre‐existing comorbidities, hypoxia, specific computed tomography findings indicative of extensive lung involvement, diverse laboratory test abnormalities, and biomarkers of end‐organ dysfunction.

TL;DR: Recent work indicates that MBL recognizes altered self-antigens, and as such MBL has a role that extends beyond a traditional role in first line host defense as it appears to play a role as a modulator of inflammation.

TL;DR: It is demonstrated for the first time that fecal transplantation is practical and effective for treating relapsing CDI in a young child and recommended that this strategy be reserved for complicated cases of CDI that fail conventional therapy until randomized studies can confirm the safety and effectiveness of fecal bacteriotherapy in children.

TL;DR: Findings support the use of PCR tests to evaluate the protective efficacy of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines and to identify promptly children with pretreated or nonbacteremic pneumococCal lower respiratory infections.