Impact of PM2.5 in indoor urban environments: A review

PM2.5 pollution has become a severe problem in China due to rapid industrialization and high energy consumption. It can cause increases in the incidence of various respiratory diseases and resident mortality rates, as well as increase in the energy consumption in heating, ventilation, and air conditioning (HVAC) systems due to the need for air purification. This paper reviews and studies the sources of indoor and outdoor PM2.5, the impact of PM2.5 pollution on atmospheric visibility, occupational health, and occupants’ behaviors. This paper also presents current pollution status in China, the relationship between indoor and outdoor PM2.5, and control of indoor PM2.5, and finally presents analysis and suggestions for future research.

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A Review of Recent Advances in Research on PM2.5 in China

Air pollution intervention and life-saving effect in China.

Indoor formaldehyde concentrations in urban China: Preliminary study of some important influencing factors.

Review of radiative cooling materials: Performance evaluation and design approaches

Severe haze weather in recent times in China has drawn global attention and growing public concern over implications to people's health. This study aims to investigate the effects of infiltration and indoor pollution on the level of PM2.5 concentrations in residential buildings. Using a DustTrak II aerosol monitor, PM2.5 concentrations were measured in a typical residential building in Tianjin with different openings to the external environment. When the openings had a void of 10 mm, indoor PM2.5 concentration was similar to that of outdoor. When the indoor PM2.5 concentration reached its peak, the Indoor-to-Outdoor ratio (I/O) was 0.67–0.89 with a delay compared to the outdoor PM2.5 concentration. Higher outdoor wind speeds were associated with higher I/O ratios. With well-sealed windows and doors, PM2.5 concentrations decreased irrespective of the changes occurring outdoor with a decay rate of 0.002 min−1. With regard to the effects of indoor pollution, smoking could make the indoor PM2.5 concentrations rise rapidly to a level of 1280 μg m−3. Kitchen PM2.5 concentrations rose while cooking up to 3000 μg m−3, which largely depended on the method of cooking. Kitchen ventilator was able to control the pollution fairly quickly and reduce the impact on adjacent spaces. Other human activities such as walking, dressing, and sweeping were responsible for an increase in PM2.5 concentration by almost 33%.

Indoor PM2.5 concentrations in residential buildings during a severely polluted winter: A case study in Tianjin, China

Radiative cooling emits infrared thermal radiation to the outer space through the atmospheric transparent window (8–13 μm), without energy consumption and environmental pollution. In recent years, this technology has developed rapidly and the cooling performance has been gradually improved. To achieve higher temperature reduction, it is necessary to isolate the cooling device from the surroundings with an IR-transparent cover shield, thereby reducing the negative non-radiation heat exchange for sub-ambient conditions. Meanwhile, some selective cover shield reflects solar radiation while transmitting infrared thermal radiation, further increasing the cooling power and mitigating the demands for solar-reflecting emitters. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the cover shield. Fundamental principles of the influence of cover shield on radiative cooling were analyzed. Material properties and application performance were summarized according to the spectral selectivity. Additionally, the barriers and the theoretical potential of the cover shield were also discussed. It is anticipated that this review will promote great cooling performance and a large application scale for radiative cooling.

Jianjuan Yuan

Papers

Indoor PM2.5 concentrations in residential buildings during a severely polluted winter: A case study in Tianjin, China

Cover shields for sub-ambient radiative cooling: A literature review

Identification heat user behavior for improving the accuracy of heating load prediction model based on wireless on-off control system

Analysis and evaluation of the operation data for achieving an on-demand heating consumption prediction model of district heating substation

Model development and performance evaluation of thermoelectric and radiative cooling module to achieve all-day power generation