Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques

On Educational psychology: A cognitive view.

The Advanced Certificate in Total Quality Management for Education is centered around the principles of total quality management (TQM) and the Malcolm Baldridge National Quality Award Criteria for Educational Programs. This comprehensive certificate is designed to provide an indepth knowledge of TQM principles, the Baldridge Award Criteria, and an understanding of how to conduct an assessment using the Baldridge criteria. The focus of the four certificate courses is an understanding of the value that Baldridge brings to your organization and how to use the Baldridge Award Criteria for Education as a change management tool. With a focus on strategic goals and indicators, this certificate offers school leaders an approach to help guide district, school and classroom improvement planning.

Total quality management in education

Edgar Morin, em introducao ao pensamento complexo, apresenta suas reflexoes sobre o tema da complexidade na discussao filosofica e cientifica, vindo a aprofunda-lo em publicacoes subsequentes, como ciencia com consciencia e a serie O metodo. O autor insere o tema no metodo de compreensao dos fenomenos. Propoe uma nova relacao entre o metodo de pensar e a realidade, em sua cao pratica.

Introdução ao Pensamento Complexo

A wide range of cancer immunotherapy approaches has been developed including non-specific immune-stimulants such as cytokines, cancer vaccines, immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), and adoptive T cell therapy. Among them, ICIs are the most commonly used and intensively studied. Since 2011, these drugs have received marketing authorisation for melanoma, lung, bladder, renal, and head and neck cancers, with remarkable and long-lasting treatment response in some patients. The novel mechanism of action of ICIs, with immune and T cell activation, leads to unusual patterns of response on imaging, with the advent of so-called pseudoprogression being more pronounced and frequently observed when compared to other anticancer therapies. Pseudoprogression, described in about 2–10% of patients treated with ICIs, corresponds to an increase of tumour burden and/or the appearance of new lesions due to infiltration by activated T cells before the disease responds to therapy. To overcome the limitation of response evaluation criteria in solid tumors (RECIST) to assess these specific changes, new imaging criteria—so-called immune-related response criteria and then immune-related RECIST (irRECIST)—were proposed. The major modification involved the inclusion of the measurements of new target lesions into disease assessments and the need for a 4-week re-assessment to confirm or not confirm progression. The RECIST working group introduced the new concept of “unconfirmed progression”, into the irRECIST. This paper reviews current immunotherapeutic approaches and summarises radiologic criteria to evaluate new patterns of response to immunotherapy. Furthermore, imaging features of immunotherapy-related adverse events and available predictive biomarkers of response are presented.

https://serval.unil.ch/resource/serval:BIB_152AC98411BD.P001/REF.pdf

Imaging of tumour response to immunotherapy

Tobacco smoking is the cause of more than half million deaths/year in the European Union (EU). Monitoring smoking prevalence is an important tool to evaluate the epidemic and its evolution and to assess the effectiveness of preventive measures. The comparison between countries may help us identify good control practices.To describe the current state and evolution of the smoking epidemic in several EU countries, and to characterize the Portuguese situation in comparison with those countries.To characterize smoking habits and their evolution in the population over 15 years old, several Eurobarometer reports from 1995 to 2007 were used. The characterization of School Aged Children's smoking habits was based on the Health Behaviour in School-Aged Children data of 1993-4 and 2002. The Portuguese situation also used the information available from the National Health Surveys of 1987 up to 2005/06.The global prevalence of smoking in adult population in most of the European countries is over 25%. The average prevalence of male and female smokers in School-Aged Children over 15 years of age is approximately 18% if we consider both genders together. In most countries the prevalence of tobacco consumption is higher in girls when compared to boys. In Portugal, the prevalence in the population over 15 years of age has one of the lowest values among European countries (30,6 % for men and 11,6% for women). Despite these crude prevalence rates, high age-sex-specific prevalence rates were found in age groups 25-34 and 35-44 in men (39,9% e 44,6% respectively) and in women (17,6 e 21,2% respectively). In 2002, at the age of 15, the percentage of daily smoking girls in Portugal was 19.5%. This value reveals that Portugal is among the countries with higher prevalence rates of smoking among adolescent girls. Over the last decade (1996-2006), a decrease in tobacco consumption has been observed in most EU countries, both in adult population and in School-Aged Children. In Portugal, this consumption has levelled off in adult men and in youngsters aged 15, but shows a significant increase in female adults and school-aged girls.Although Portugal presents low global prevalence rates in the European context, the substantial increases observed in the young adult female population are of particular concern because of its impact on women's health and the risk of pre and post-natal associated childhood exposure. These results reveal that current preventive strategies in Portugal are ineffective in reducing smoking prevalence among children and young adults.

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Prevalence and smoking trends in Portugal and Europe.

Background Studies in several countries indicate that parents show little concern and aren’t much aware of the nutritional status of their children, and have the tendency to underestimate the overweight which may present a difficulty when promoting healthier life styles. The aim of this study was to identify maternal body image perceptions in preschool children and analyze its relationship with nutritional status and family social demographic variables. Methods A transversal and descriptive study was developed in a sample of 1424 preschool children and their mothers living in several parts of Portugal. The children were weighted and measured by trained personnel, the BMI was calculated and the nutritional status was classified according to the NCHS referential (CDC, 2000). 1 Mother's real and ideal body image perception from their children was evaluated according to Collins’ body image silhouettes (1991). 2 Results The ideal and real perception was translated in a negative index on both children's genders, however 67.2% of the mothers revealed accuracy of perception, while 22.3% had a negative and 12.8% a positive discrepancy, being this significant concerning gender and age of the children. Children's actual weight status (ie, 60.2% normal weight, 16.9% overweight, 17.4% obese and 5.5% underweight) was significantly different from their parents’ perceptions (ie, 52.3% normal weight, 27.5% overweight 0,6% obesity and 19.6% underweight) explaining in 25.9% the variability of this perception. Globally 42.3% has no discrepancy but 44.3% thinks that children were thin and 13.4% heavier. This difference is significant concerning the age and scholarship of the mothers but has no relation with the income and residence. Conclusion Despite signs of a positive trend, mothers continue to show difficulty in recognizing the children's nutritional status, so effective public health strategies to increase parents’ awareness could be the first step in an effort to prevent childhood obesity.

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Nutritional status in preschool children: current trends of mother's body perception and concerns

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ESTADO ACTUAL E EVOLUÇÃO DA EPIDEMIA TABÁGICA Em Portugal e na Europa

Transformations in the way of how pregnancy is experienced in the family, along with the facility of access to information on this subject, have challenged the perception of childbirth as being merely a medical act. This implies alterations on the representations of pregnancy. Consequently, we intend to analyze the emotional experiences and the expectations that the pregnant woman has in relation to childbirth in the third trimester. It consists of a qualitative, descriptive and exploratory research based on a sample of 30 pregnant Portuguese women whose average age is 32 years old. A socio-demographic

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Jorge Bonito

Papers

Prevalence and smoking trends in Portugal and Europe.

Nutritional status in preschool children: current trends of mother's body perception and concerns

ESTADO ACTUAL E EVOLUÇÃO DA EPIDEMIA TABÁGICA Em Portugal e na Europa

Qualidade de vida no trabalho dos médicos da atenção básica no estado de roraima (brasil)

Knowledge about epilepsy in university health students: A multicenter study.